IBISINGIZO BYA YOZEFU MUTAGATIFU

Nyagasani, utubabarire.

Kristu utubabarire.

Nyagasani, utubabarire.

Kristu utwumve.

Kristu utwiteho.

Mariya Mutagatifu, udusabire

Yozefu Mutagatifu, udusabire

Mwana w’ikirangirire wa Dawudi, udusabire

Ngenzi muri ba Sogokuruza, udusabire

Mugabo w’Umubyeyi w’Imana, udusabaire

Murinzi utagira inenge wa Bikira Mariya, udusabire

Murezi w’Umwana w’Imana, udusabire

Wowe warengeraga Yezu ubudahwema, udusabire

Mutegeka mwiza wa Yezu na Mariya, udusabire

Yozefu utunganye rwose, udusabire

Yozefu utigeze urarikira ikizira, udusabire

Yozefu witonda rwose, udusabire

Yozefu udakangarana, udusabire

Yozefu wumvira rwose, udusabire

Yozefu utagira ubwo uhemuka, udusabire

Wowe werekana uburyo bwo kwiyumanganya, udusabire

Wowe mukene ku mutima, udusabire

Wowe abakozi bareberaho, udusabire

Wowe wizihiza imico y’abashakanye, udusabire

Murinzi w’ababikira, udusabire

Wowe urinda ababyeyi n’abana babo, udusabire

Wowe umara agahinda abababaye, udusabire

Wowe abarwayi bizera, udusabire

Wowe uhumuriza abenda gupfa, udusabire

Wowe ukangaranya amashitani, udusabire

Murinzi wa Kiliziya Ntagatifu, udusabire

Ntama w’Imana, ukiza ibyaha by’abantu, udukize Nyagasani.

Ntama w’Imana, ukiza ibyaha by’abantu, utwiteho Nyagasani.

Ntama w’Imana, ukiza ibyaha by’abantu, utubabarire.

V. Imana yamugize umutware w’urugo rutagatifu. R. N’umurinzi wa Yezu na Mariya.

Dusabe: Mana idahinyuka mu kwitegereza, watoye Yosefu Mutagatifu ho Umugabo wa Mariiya, Umubyeyi wahebuje; turagusaba ngo uyu dusingiriza kuba umurinzi wacu munsi, azatubere n’umuvugizi mu ijuru. Wowe ubaho ugategeka iteka mu ijuru. Amen.

Duhimbaze Yozefu Mutagatifu, Umurinzi wa Yezu na Mariya

Bamwe mu banditsi b’abahanga muri  Kiliziya bagerageje kwandika ubuzima bwe bagendeye ku mibereho y’abayahudi bakundaga Imana icyo gihe. Igihe Yezu avutse, Yozefu na we yabarirwaga mu « bakene b’Uhoraho » bari bariringiye Uhoraho bakamuragiza ubuzima bwabo bwose. Yozefu ntiyishimiraga ko igihugu cye gikolonizwa n’abanyaroma, ariko ntiyajyaga mu bikorwa by’urugomo byakorwaga n’abari mu ishyaka ry’abazeloti (abarwanashyaka).

Aba bitwazaga inkota mu myambaro, bagacunga aho umusirikare w’umunyaroma arangaye, bakayimutera, agapfa. Uko kubaha abakoloni, abategetsi b’icyo gihe, ni ko kwatumye yemera kujya i Betelehemu, mu mujyi wa Dawudi umukurambere wa Yozefu. Aha niho Yozefu yavukaga, nuko ajyayo kugira ngo abarurirweyo  we n’umugore we Mariya, uko itegeko ry’abanyaroma ryabitegekaga. Nk’abandi bayahudi bakunda Imana, Yozefu na Mariya bumvira Amategeko ya Musa bajyana Umwana wabo w’imfura kumutura Imana.

Uko Yozefu yareze Yezu mu kwemera : bisa n’aho bigaragara mu byanditswe. Yohani mutagatifu Intumwa n’umwanditsi w’Ivanjili avuga ko Yezu atigeze ajya kwiga mu ishuri ry’abigishamategeko. Nyamara, inyigisho ze zarushaga cyane ubuhanga izo abo batangaga. Bikira Mariya rero yari azi neza Ibyanditswe bitagatifu. Ariko, tuzi ko mu gihe cye, abagabo ari bo bigishaga abana babo ibyerekeye Ibyanditswe bitagatifu. Aha twatekereza ko Yozefu yari azi neza Ibyanditswe bitagatifu. Bityo tugatekereza ko Yozefu na Mariya bafatanyaga kwigisha Yezu Ibyanditswe bitagatifu, kandi Yezu akabumvira.

Ibyanditswe bitagatifu ntacyo bivuga ku rupfu rwa Yozefu. Nyamara mu Ivanjili ya Mariko, hari aho bita Yezu « mwene Mariya ». Ibi bisobanura ko batashoboraga kwitirira umwana nyina umubyara kandi se akiriho. Bivuze ko Yozefu yapfuye mbere y’uko Yezu atangira ubutumwa bwe bwo kwigisha Inkuru Nziza. Yozefu wari warabayeho ari intungane, byari ngombwa ko apfa nk’intungane, nta rusaku, mu mutuzo. Urupfu rwa Yozefu rero rushobora kudushushanyiriza uko urwacu rumeze. 

Urupfu rwe ni nk’urw’abandi bantu, ariko si urw’ubonetse wese. Ni urwa se wa Yezu, Mesiya akaba n’Umwana w’Imana. Aha ngaha, umugore we n’umwana we, bari bamufashe mu maboko yabo ngo bakire umwuka we wa nyuma. Aha ni ho abakristu bahera bavuga ko Yozefu yapfuye neza, kuko yarangije ubuzima bwe bwo ku isi ari mu maboko  ya Yezu na Mariya, bityo bakamwita Umutagatifu, ufasha abantu gupfa neza. Kuri iyo mpamvu, hari isengesho ryahimbwe rigira riti:

• Yezu, Mariya na Yozefu, mbashinze umutima wanjye na roho yanjye n’amagara yanjye.
• Yezu , Mariya na Yozefu, muramfashe ninjya gupfa
• Yezu, Mariya na Yozefu, icyampa nkazapfa turi kumwe.

Yozefu Umurinzi wa Yezu na Bikira Mariya, Imana yari yaramutatse ubutungane. Yozefu yagiriye akamaro Bikira Mariya mu rugendo bajya i Betelehemu! yamugiriye akamaro cyane bahungira mu Misiri! Yozefu mutagatifu yabereye Bikira Mariya Nyina w’Imana incuti y’indahemuka. Yamubereye umurinzi wahoraga ari maso kandi akanamwitangira uko ashoboye. Na we rero, kubera ko yabanaga na Yezu na Bikira Mariya, ntiyahwemaga gukura mu migenzo myiza! kandi umunezero we wari ushingiye ku kubana mu nzu imwe, ntagatifu, yabanagamo na Yezu na Bikira Mariya.

Nyuma yo kwakira Yezu na Bikira Mariya, Yozefu ni we muntu wabayeho ku isi mu ihirwe kurusha abandi bantu bose. Ni na we kandi wagize urupfu rwuje amahoro kurusha abandi bose kuko umwuka we wa nyuma wamushizemo ari mu maboko ya Yezu na Bikira Mariya. Yozefu mutagatifu rero ni umurinzi wa Kiliziya y’isi yose, kandi ahazavugwa izina rya Yezu na Bikira Mariya hazavugwa n’irya Yozefu. Mu 1955, Papa Piyo wa XII yashyizeho umunsi mukuru wa Yozefu Mutagatifu, urugero rw’abakozi, agaragaza ko nta muntu wakunze umurimo w’amaboko ye kurusha Yozefu. 

(Byakusanyijwe na padiri Theophile TWAGIRAYEZU, diocese Byumba. Ku yandi makuru ku nyandiko twakusanyije ku mibereho y'abatagatifu bariza kuri tel: 0788757494/ 0782889963/ ubunyamabanga bwa SPES MEA).

Ni muntu ki? Padiri Fidèle Dushimimana, umuyobozi wa ICK

Imyaka isaga 12 ashinzwe amasomo n’ubushakashatsi muri ICK, afite impamyabumenyi yo ku rwego rwa gaheraheza n’umukandara wirabura muri Karati.

Padiri Fidèle Dushimimana ni umusaseridoti wa Diyosezi ya Kabgayi, akaba umuyobozi wa ICK (Institut Catholique de Kabgayi), ubutumwa yahawe na Myr Balthazar Ntivuguruzwa, Umwepiskopi wa diyosezi ya Kabgayi mu nyandiko yohereza abapadiri mu butumwa mu mwaka w’ikenurabushyo 2023-2024, yo kuwa 03/ 08/2023 (the placement of priesthood personnel in the services and parishes of the Kabgayi Diocese).

Padiri Fidèle Dushimimana yavutse kuwa 8 Mata 1971, avukira mu yahoze ari Komini Runda muri Segiteri Ruyenzi. Ubu ni mu murenge wa Ruyenzi ho mu karere ka Kamonyi. Ni umwana wa gatanu mu bana cumi n’umwe ba François Uzabakiriho na Esperance Mukankubito. Mu kiganiro yagiranye n’umunyamakuru wa ICK News, kuwa 21 Nzeri 2023, Padiri Fidèle Dushimimana yavuzeko yifuje kuzaba umupadiri akiri muto cyane, afite imyaka itanu y’amavuko.

• Ku myaka irindwi, yatangiriye amasomo ku Ishuri Ribanza rya Gahara (1978 - 1986)
• 1986 - 1992: Yakomeje amsomo mu Iseminaei Nto Saint Léon Kabgayi, asoreza mu ishami ry’indimi (Latin and Modern languages)
• 1992/1993: Yiyandikishije mu Iseminari Nkuru Mutagatifu Yozefu ya Rutongo, ahamara umwaka (propaedeutic year)
• Nzeri 1993: Yinjiye mu Iseminari Nkuru i Kabgayi yigisha Filozofiya.
• Nzeri 1994: Yakomereje amasomo ya Filozofiye mu Iseminari Nkuru ya Nyakibanda yigisha Tewolojiya kuko ariho Iseminari Nkuru ya Kabgayi yari yimukiye, anahakomereza amasomo ya Tewolojiya nyuma y’umwaka n’igice.
• 1999: Yasoje amasomo ya Tewolojiya mu Iseminari Nkuru ya Nyakibanda ari umudiyakoni

Ahabwa ubupadiri mu 1999

Diyakoni Fidèle Dushimimana yahawe ubupadiri kuwa 24 Nyakanga 1999, muri paruwasi ya Gihara.

Inshamake y’ubutumwa bwe bwa gisaseridoti

• 1999 - 2000 :  Yabaye Padiri wungirije muri Paruwasi ya Kinazi
• 2000 - 2003: Yabaye umuyobozi wungirije ushinzwe amasomo mu Iseminari Nto ya Kabgayi
• 2003 - 2010: Yagiye kwiga i Roma (The Salesian Pontifical University) ahakura impamyabumenyi eshatu zirimo n’ihanitse mu bijyanye n’iyigamitekerereze (Bachelor’s Degree, Master’s Degree, and PhD in Developmental Psychology).
• 2010 - Kanama 2023: Yabaye umuyobozi wungirije ushinze amasomo n’ubushakashatsi muri ICK.
• Kuwa 22/10/2021: yamuritse igitabo “Kura ujye ejuru”, kivuga ku mikurire y’umwana. Iki gitabo Ikigo cy’igihugu gishinzwe uburezi (REB) cyemeje ko cyakoreshwa mu mashuri y’u Rwanda kuwa 31 Nyakanga 2022.
• Kuwa 1 Kamena 2023: Yazamuwe mu ntera, yinjira mu cyiciro cy’abafite impamyabumenyi ya gaheraheza (professorate), ahabwa kuba  “Associate Professor”
• Kuwa 3 Kanama 2023:  Fidèle Dushimimana yatorewe kuba umuyobozi wa ICK

Padiri Fidèle Dushimimana, umuhanga mu mikino itandukanye

Mu bishimisha Padiri Fidèle Dushimimana (Hobbies), harimo volleyball, Damu (Chess) gucuranga piano, umukino wo guhuza inyuguti zikarema ijambo (Scrabble) na Karati yatangiye gukina afite imyaka 16, hari mu 1987, yiga mu mwaka wa kabiri w’amashuri yisumbuye.

• 1996: Mu Nyakibanda yatsindiye umukandara w’ubururu
• 2000: Ubwo yari ashinzwe amasomo mu iseminari nto ya Kabgayi, yatsindiye umukandara w’ikigina (brown belt). Uyu mwaka warangiye afite umukandara w’umukara, dani yambere.
• 2009: Yatsindiye dani ya kabiri (2nd Dan black belt)

Si muri Karati gusa Padiri Fidèle Dushimimana azobeyemo, kuko no mu mukino wa Scrabble, yatsindiye ibikombe bigera kuri bitandatu.

Padiri Fideli ahura na Papa Benedigito XVI

Padiri Prof. Fidèle Dushiminana yahuye n’abashumba ba Kiliziya Gatolika ku isi mu bihe bitandukanye.

Mu mwaka wa 2006, Padiri Prof. Fidèle Dushiminana yakiriwe na Papa Benedigito XVI. Icyo gihe yabaga i Roma, ari gukurikirana amasomo. 

Padiri Fideli ahura na Papa Francis

Kuwa 19 Mutarama 2023, yahuye na Papa Francis. Icyo gihe yari yitabiriye inama y’Ihuriro Mpuzamahanga rya Kaminuza Gatolika. Abasaga 200 bayobora Kaminuza Gatolika nibo bakiriwe na Papa Francis. 

Tumwifurije guhirwa mu butumwa ahabwa na kiliziya.

Gashyantare 2024: Abapadiri 23 batorewe kuba abepiskopi

Ifoto igaragaza umusenyeri
uhabwa ubwepiskopi

Kiliziya Gtolika yungutse abepiskopi bashya 23, bivuze ko hazaba ibirori 23 byo gushyira abapadiri mu rwego rw’abepiskopi. Ni mu gihe mu kwezi kwa Mutarama 2024, Abapadiri 18 aribo batorewe kuba abepiskopi. 

Nyirubutungane Papa Fransisko yashinze diyosezi ebyiri. Kiliziya kandi izahimbazwa n’ibirori byo kwimika abepiskopi2, bahinduriwe inshingano. Ni ukuvuga bahawe ubutumwa mu yandi madiyosezi. Turebere hamwe mu nshamake abo basenyeri bashya  23 Kiliziya yungutse mu madiyoisezi atandukanye ku isi yose.

Kuwa 02 Gashyantare 2024: Hatowe abepiskopi bashya 3

Italy: Padiri Davide Carbonaro yatorewe kuba umushumba mukuru (metropolitan archbishop) wa Arikidiyosezi ya Potenza-Muro Lucano-Marsico Nuovo. Myr Davide

Carbonaro yavutse ku bunabi bwo mu 1967, muri diyosezi ya Noto. Mu 1988, yakoze amasezerano yo kwiyegurira Imana mu muryango w’abapadiri b’Umubyeyi w’Imana (Order of Clerics Regular of the Mother of God, O.M.D), asezerana burundu kuwa 2 Ukwakira 1992 i Roma. Yahawe ubupadiri kuwa 3 Ukwakira 1992. 

Nyuma yo guhabwa ubupadiri, yatumwe henshi, yitangira imirimo ashinzwe; yabaye umujyanama n’umunyamabanga mukuru w’umuryango (counsellor general and secretary general of the O.M.D. (2010-2016)), umwe mu bagize komisiyo ishinzwe ubumwe bw’abemera n’umushyikirano n’andi madini (Ecumenical and Interreligious Dialogue, 1999-2006) muri diyosezi ya Roma. Yashinzwe ishyinguranyandiko mu muryango (general archivist of the O.M.D.). Kuva mu 2020, yari Padiri mukuru wa Paruwasi yisunze Mutagatifu Mariya, akagira kandi inshingano muri Dikasiteri ishinzwe iby’abatagatifu (member of the College of Postulators of the Dicastery for the Causes of Saints).

Scotland: Padiri Martin Chambers wa diyosezi ya Galloway wayoboraga Paruwasi

mutagatifu Matayo n’iyisunze Bikira Mariya wo ku musozi wa Karumeli, yatorewe kuba umushumba wa diyosezi ya Dunkeld. Myr Martin Chambers yavutse kuwa 8 Kamena 1964, ahabwa ubupadiri kuwa 25 Kanama 1989. 

Yabaye padiri mukuru n’umuyobozi wa paruwasi (parish priest and parish administrator) mu maparuwasi atandukanye, yabaye umugishwanama w’uburuze gatolika muri diyosezi (1993-2000), aba umwogezabutumwa mu muryango wa Mutagatifu Yakobo Intuma (the Society of Saint James the Apostle) mu gihugu cya Ecuador, (2004-2009). 

Kuva mu 2018, muri diyosezi yahawe ubutumwa bwo kwita ku muhamagaro no gutegura abadiyakoni bahoraho.

Brazil: Padiri Danival Milagres Coelho yatorewe kuba umushumba ufasha muri

Arikidiyosezi ya Goiânia. Myr Danival Milagres Coelho yavutse kuwa 4 Nzeri 1976, muri Arikidiyosezi ya Mariana, ahabwa ubupadiri kuwa 29 Kamena 2002. Yahawe ubutumwa bunyuranye muri za paruwasi ndetse no ku rwego rwa Arikidiyosezi. 

Yabaye umurezi mu iseminari Nkuru (Preparatory Seminary,2002-2005), yabaye umuyobozi w’ishuri rikuru rya Tewolojiya (2011-2015) n’irya Filozofiya(2015-2017), yabaye umugenzuzi w’umucamaza w’urukuki rwa kiliziya muri Arikidiyosezi ya Mariana. Yahagarariye abapadiri (2019-2020), aba n’igisong gishinzwe abasaseridoti (vicar general for the clergy,dal 2019). Kuva mu 2017 yabaye Padiri mukuru wa Paruwasi (Nossa Senhora da Piedade in Barbacena-MG).

Kuwa 03 Gasyantare 2024: hatowe umwepiskopi umwe

Italy: Padiri Domenico Beneventi, umusaseridoti wa Arikidiyosezi ya Acerenza,

yatorewe kuba umushumba wa diyosezi ya San Marino-Montefeltro. Myr Domenico Beneventi yavutse kuwa 8 Gashyantare 1974, ahabwa ubupadiri kuwa 3 Nyakanga 1999. Nyuma yo guhabwa ubupadiri, yahawe inshingano zinyuranye zirimo: kuyobora ibiro bya Arikidiyosezi bishinzwe urubyiruko(2000-2003), mu nama y’abepiskopi bo mu Butaliyani, Myr Domenico Beneventi yahawemo ubutumwa bwo kwita ku itumanaho kuva mu 2009, no kwita kurubyiruko, ari umufasha w’amasomo (study assistant, 2008-2013). 

Yigishije mu ishuri rikuru rya Tewolojiya rya Basilicata (lecturer in pastoral theology, catechetics and pedagogy), aba umuyobozi w’ibiro bya Arikidiyosezi bishinzwe ubwigishwa kuva mu 2021. Afite impamyabumenyi ihanitse muri Tewolojiya yakuye i Roma (doctorate in pastoral theology, the Pontifical Lateran University of Rome 2018).

Kuwa 10 Gashyantare 2024: hashinzwe diyosezi 1, hatorwa abepiskopi 2

Mauritania: Padiri Victor Ndione yatorewe kuba umushumba wa diyosezi ya

Nouakchott yari abereye igisonga cy’umwepiskopi kuva mu 2018. Myr Victor Ndione yavukiye i Thiès muri Senegali kuwa 1 Mata 1973, ahabwa ubupadiri kuwa 7 Nyakanga 2001, nk’umusaseridoti wa diyosezi ya Thiès. 

Yabaye padiri wungirije muri paruwasi ya Mutagatifu Yozefu Ndondol (2001-2003), hanyuma akomereza ubutumwa muri Diyosezi ya Nouakchott, nk’umusaseridoti ‘fidei donum’ (2003-2014). Ni we musaseridoti wa mbere iyi diyosezi yakiriye (incardinate). Yakiriwe kuwa 9 Werurwe 2014.

Paraguay: hashinzwe diyosezi ya Canindeyú, Padiri Roberto Carlos Zacarías López, wari igisonga cy’umwepiskopi wa diyosezi ya Ciudad del Este kuva mu 2019,

atorerwa kuyibera umushumba wa mbere. Diyosezi ya Canindeyú iri mu gace gakuriwe na Arikidiyosezi ya Asunción. Myr Roberto Carlos Zacarías López yavutse kuwa 7 Gashyantare 1972, ahabwa ubupadiri kuwa 11 Mata 1999. Afite impamyabumenyi ihanutse muri Tewolojiya (doctorate in dogmatic theology, the Catholic University of Buenos Aires). 

Mu mirimo itandukanye yakoze, harimo kuba umurezi mu Iseminari Nkuru y’igihugu (2003-2004) yanabayemo umuyobozi wita kuri roho (spiritual director, 2014-2016), umunyamabanga mukuru wungirije w’Inama ya Abepiskopi ba Paraguay (2005-2008), umuyobozi w’ishami rya Tewolojiya muri Kaminuza Gatolika i Alto Paraná (2009-2011), umuyobozi wa Seminari nkuru ya Ciudad del Este (2017-2018). Iyi diyosezi nshya ya Canindeyú yatangiranye abagatolika 211,138 mu baturage 239,386 bayituye, amaparuwasi 12, abapadiri 18 barimo abiyeguriyimana 7, abaseminari 2, umufureri umwe n’ababikira 22

Kuwa 12 Gashyantare 2024: hatowe abepiskopi 2

Madagascar: Padiri Jean Désiré Razafinirina, umusaseridoti wa Arikidiyosezi ya

Toliara, wari umuyobozi wa Seminari Nkuru ya Vohitsoa, yatorewe kuba umushumba wa diyosezi ya Morombe. Myr Jean Désiré Razafinirina yavutse kuwa 5 Gicurasi 1975, ahabwa ubupadiri kuwa 10 Kanama 2003. 

Myr Jean Désiré yigishije mu iseminari nto ya Toliara (2003-2004), aba umwe mu bagize inteko ngishwanama ya Arikidiyosezi ari na padiri mukuru wa Katederali (2010-2013) yigeza kubera padiri wungirije(2004-2005), yigishize mu Seminari Nkuru ya Vohitsoa (2013-2017), ayibera umuyobozi kuva mu 2017.

Tanzania: Padiri Wilbroad Henry Kibozi, umusaseridoti wa Arikidiyosezi ya

Dodoma, yatorewe kuba umushumba wunganira ufasha (auxiliary bishop) muri iyi Arikidiyosezi.

Yari asanzwe ari umuyobozi wungirije wa seminari nkuru y’Umuryango Mutagatifu i Kahama. Myr Wilbroad Henry Kibozi yavukiye i Dodoma kuwa 30 Mata 1973, ahabwa ubupadiri kuwa 9 Nyakanga 2010.

Afite impamyabumenyi muri Tewolojiya (doctorate in dogmatic theology from the Theological Faculty of Central Italy). Mu butumwa yakoze harimo kuba padiri wungirije wa Lumuna (2010-2012) no kuba umuyobozi ushinzwe umuhamagaro mjuri Arikidiyosezi 2012-2014).

Kuwa 13 Gashyantare 2024: hatowe abepiskopi bane

USA: Padiri James T. Ruggieri wari padiri mukuru wa paruwasi muri diyosezi ya

Providence yatorewe kuba umushumba wa diyosezi ya Prtland. Myr James T. Ruggieri yavutse kuwa 12 Mutarama 1968, ahabwa ubupadiri kuwa 14 Kamena 1995.2

Ubutumwe bwe mbere yo gutorerwa kuba umwepiskopi bwibanze ku kuba padiri wungirije ahatandukanye (1995-2003) no kuyobora amaparuwasi atandukanye; nka padiri mukuru cyangwa se nk’umuyobozi wa paruwasi (Parish priest or administrator: 2004-2024).

Thailand: Padiri Paul Tawat Singsa, wari padiri mukuru wa paruwasi yisunze Izina

Ritagatifu rya Yezu ya diyosezi ya Nakhon Sawan, yatorewe kuba umushumba w’iyo diyosezi. Myr Paul Tawat Singsa yavutse kuwa 13 Werurwe 1966, ahabwa ubupadiri kuwa 24 Ukwakira 1992. Afite impamyabumenyi ihanitse muri Filozofiya (doctorate in philosophy from Silpakorn University in Bangkok). 

Mu butumwe nk’umupadiri, harimo kuyobora amashuri atandukanye, Pataravitaya school (2005-2011), Phraworasarn School, abifatanya no kuba padiri mukuru (2020-2024). Yabaye kandi umurezi mu iseminari nkuru Lux Mundi i Sampran (2012-2019).

Kenya: Abapadiri Simon Peter Kamomoe na Wallace Ng’ang’a Gachihi batorewe kuba abepiskopi bunganira (auxiliary bishops) ba Arikidiyosezi ya Nairobi. Myr Simon

Peter Kamomoe, ubwo yatorwaga yari umuyobozi (administrator) wa Bazilika Katederal yisunze Umuryango Mutagatifu (Holy Family Basilica Cathedral) i Nairobi. Myr Wallace Ng’ang’a Gachihi yari padiri mukuru n’umuhuzabikorwa ushinzwe ikenurabusho (archdiocesan pastoral ministry), kuva mu 2011.

Myr Simon Peter Kamomoe yavutse kuwa 26 Ugushyingo 1962, ahabwa ubupadiri kuwa 18 Kamena 1994 nk’umusaseridoti wa Arikidiyosezi ya Nairobi. Mu butumwa yakoze harimo kuba umufasha (Assistant) mu iseminari nto ya Nairobi (1994-1995), umufasha mu maparuwasi atandukanye (1995 - 1998), padiri mukuru mu maparuwasi anyuranye (1998-1999, 208-2024). Yabaye kandi umwe mu bagize inteko ngishwanama ya Arikidiyosezi (1999-2008).

Myr Wallace Ng’ang’a Gachihi yavutse kuwa 26 Werurwe 1973, ahabwa ubupadiri kuwa 21 Gicurasi 2005. Yakoreye impamyabumenyi y’icyiciro cya gatatu cya kaminuza muri Tewolojiya y’ikenurabushyo (master’s degree in pastoral theology, the Catholic University of Eastern Africa-CUEA, 2009-2011).

Kuwa 16 Gashyantare 2024: hatowe abepiskopi babiri

Panama: Padiri Luis Enrique Saldaña Guerra, O.F.M., wari umuyobozi w’abafransiskani mu ntara ya Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe (provincial minister of the Franciscan Province of Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe of Central America and the Caribbean) kuva mu 2021, yatorewe kuba umwepiskopi wa diyosezi ya David. 

Myr Luis Enrique Saldaña Guerra yavutse kuwa 24 Gashyantare 1966, asezera mu muryango w’abafransiskani kuwa 23 Gashyantare 2002. Yahawe ubupadiri kuwa 29 Mata 2006.

Bangladesh: Padiri Subroto Boniface Gomes, umusaseridoti wa Arikidiyosezi ya Dhaka wayoboraga paruwasi ya Snto Rosario kuva mu 2020, yatorewe kuba umushumba wunganira muri iyo Arikidiyosezi. Myr Subroto Boniface Gomes yavutse kuwa 19 Ugushyingo 1962, ahabwa ubupadiri kuwa 16 Mata 1990. 

Mu butumwa yakoze harimo kuba umurezi mu iseminari nkuru (the Holy Spirit Major Seminary, Dhaka 2004-2007), Umunyambanga mukuru wungirije w’inama y’abepiskopi (2007-2015), umuyobozi wa roho mu iseminari nkuru ya Dhaka(2017-2018), umunyamabnga wa Arikidiyosezi ya Dhaka (2018-2019), ushinzwe amasomo mu iseminari nkuru ya Dhaka kuva mu 2020, yabaya kandi umwanditsi mukuru w’ikinyamakuru cya tewolojiya.

Kuwa 17 Gashyantare 2024: Papa yatoye abepiskopi batanu mu Buhinde

1. Padiri Mathew Kuttimackal, wari padiri mukuru wa paruwasi Katederali, yatorewe kuba umushumba wa diyosezi ya Indore.
2. Padiri Francis Tirkey, wari umuyobozi w’ikigo cya diyosezi gishinzwe serivisi z’imibereho, yatorewe kuba umushumba wa diyosezi ya Purnea
3. Padiri Karnam Dhaman Kumar, M.S.F.S., wari padiri mukuru wa Paruwasi i Münster, yatorewe kuba umushumba wa diyosezi ya Nalgonda.
4. Padiri Augustine Madathikunnel wari umuyobozi wa diyosezi ya Khandwa (administrator), yatorewe kuyibera umushumba.
5. Padiri Prakash Sagili, wari padiri mukuru wa paruwasi, yatorewe kuba umwepiskopi wa diyosezi ya Khammam.

Byinshi kuri aba bepiskopi soma inkuru yitwa : 17 Gashyantare 2024: Papa yatoyeabepiskopi batanu mu Buhinde….

Kuwa 21 Gashyantare 2024: Hatowe umwepiskopi umwe

Brazil: Padiri Edilson de Souza Silva, umusaseridoti wa Arikidiyosezi ya São Paulo, wari padiri mukuru wa paruwasi kuva mu 2017, abifatanya no kuba igisonga cya Arikiyepiskopi kuva mu 2013, yatorewe kuba umwepiskopi wunganira (auxiliary bishop) muri iyo Arikikidiyosezi. Myr Edilson de Souza Silva yavutse kuwa 11 Nzeri 1968, ahabwa ubupadiri kuwa 10 Ukuboza 1994. 

Yabaye padiri wungirije, aba padiri mukuru mu maparuwasi atandukanye. Yabaye kandi umuyobozi wungirije mu iseminari Nossa Senhora da Penha , nyuma aza kuyibera umuyobozi ushinzwe roho z’abaseminari. Mu bindi yashinzwe harimo kuba umuhuzabikorwa w’ikenerubashyo ku rwego rwa diyosezi, aba kandi umwe mu bagize inama y’abapadiri n’inteko ngishwanama.

Kuwa 22 Gashyantare 2024: Hashingwa diyosezi 1, ihabwa umwepiskopi

Guinea: Nyirubutungane Papa Fransiko yashinze diyosezi ya Boké, Padiri Moïse Tinguiano atorerwa kuyibera umwepiskopi wambere. Kuva mu 2018, yahawe inshingano zikurikira: yari padiri mukuru wa paruwasi ya Taouyah, muri Arikidiyosezi ya Conakry, ari nayo yabyaye Diyosezi ya Boké, akaba umurezi mu iseminari yaragijwe Benedigito XVI, akaba kandi n’umuyobozi wa radio “La Voix de la Paix ”.

Myr Moïse Tinguiano yavutse kuwa 11 Ukuboza 1977, ahabwa ubupadiri kuwa 26 Ugushyingo 2006. Hanze ya diyosezi ye, yakoze ubutumwa muri diyosezi ya Vittorio Veneto (2013-2016) no muri diyosezi ya Città del Castello (2016-2017). Afite impamyabumenyi ihanitse mu bijyanye na Tewolojiya y’ubwigishwa no mu ikenurabushyo ry’urubyiruko (Doctorat en théologie catéchétique et en pastorale des jeunes á l’Université pontificale salesienne, 2011-2017). Diyosezi nshya ya Boké igizwe n’amaparuwasi 6, abapadiri bwite 6, umupadiri wo mu muryango w’abiyeguriyimana, abaseminari bakuru 4, abafureri 10, ababikira 12 n’abagatolika 10,225.

Kuwa 23 Gashyantare 2024: Hatowe umwepiskopi 1

Central African Republic: Padiri Aurelio Gazzera, O.C.D, wari umuyobozi wa Caritas muri diyosezi ya Bouar kuva mu 2003, n’umuyobozi w’ishuri ry’ubukanishi rya Baoro kuva mu 2020, yatorewe kuba umwepiskopi w’umuragwa (coadjutor bishop) muri diyosezi ya Bangassou. Myr Aurelio Gazzera, O.C.D., yavutse kuwa 27 Gicurasi 1964 mu Butaliyani, yinjira mu iseminari nto y’abakarumeli (Descalced Carmelites) mu 1974. Mu 1979, nibwo yakoze amasezerano ya mbere y’abihayimana, asezerana burundu kuwa 11 Ukwakira 1986. Yahawe ubupadiri kuwa 29 Gicurasi 1989. 

Mu butumwa butandukanye yasohoje, harimo kuba umurezi mu Iseminari Nto y’Abakarumeli ya Arenzano mu Butaliyani, hanyuma ajya kwamamza Ivanjili mu gihugu cya Central Africa, ahakorera ubutumwa kuva mu 1992, burimo no kuba umukuru w’abakarumeli muri icyo gihugu (2014-2020).

Kuwa 24 Gashyantare 2024: Hatowe umwepiskopi 1

Korea: Padiri Paul Kyung Sang Lee, wari padiri mukuru wa Saint Ignatius Kim of Gaepo-dong (kuva mu 2022), akaba n’igisonga gishinzwe imanza (judicial vicar- kuva mu 2018) muri Arikidiyosezi ya Seoul, yatorewe kuba umwepiskopi wunganira (auxiliary bishop) wa Seoul. Myr Paul Kyung Sang Lee yavutse kuwa 1 Ugushyingo 1960 i Seoul, ahabwa ubupadiri kuwa 12 Gashyantare 1988. 

Afite impamyabumenyi ihanitse mu mategeko ya Kiliziya yakuye i Roma (doctorate in canon law from the Pontifical Lateran University). Nyuma y’amaso i Roma (1990-1995) Yabaye padiri mukuru mu maparuwasi atandukanye (1996-1999), umunyamabanga nshingwabikorwa w’ishami ry’ubuvuzi muri Kaminuza Gatolika ya Korea (2001-2004), umunyamabanga nshingwabikorwa w’ikigo (Foundation) gishinzwe Uburezi Gatulika (2004-2009), yaje kukibera umumyamabanga mukuru kuva mu 2013 kugeza mu 2022.

Mutagatifu Agustini, umukurambere n'umwalimu wa Kiliziya

“Nyagasani wandemeye wowe, none umutima wanjye ntuzatuza utaratura muri wowe”.

 Mutagatifu Agustini, Umwepiskopi wa Hippone (354-430)

Ni umwe mu bakurambere bane ba kiliziya Gatolika ya Roma (quatre Pères de l'Église occidentale), kimwe Mutagatifu Ambrozi (Ambroise de Milan), mutagatifu yeronimo (Jérôme de Stridon) na mutagatifu Girigori mukuru (Grégoire le Grand). Ni umwe mu bahanga baminuje babayeho mu gihe cyo hambere, akaba kandi umwe mu bahanga ba kiliziya (docteurs de l’Église) 36 

Agustini yavutse kuwa 13 Ugushyingo 354, avukira mu majyaruguru y’Afurika, i Tagaste. Ubu ni  muri Alijeriya, mu gaci kitwa  Souk Ahras. Amazina yiswe n’ababyeyi be ni Aurelius Augustinus. Nyina ariwe Mutagatifu Monika, yari umukristu nyawe, naho se Patirisi akaba umupagani waje kubatizwa habura igihe gito cyane ngo yitabe Imana. Ariko nubwo yari umupagani, ntiyabuzaga umugore we Minika kurera abana be gikirisitu. Umuryango Agustini avukamo wari wifashije: ntabwo bari abakene nta nubwo bari abakire. Agustini akiri muto, nyina yamuhaye uburere bwiza bwa gikristu, agahora amugira inama yo kwitonda, kwihatira kwiga no gusenga aho kwiringira amacuti yamworekaga mu mafuti. 

Imyigire ya Agustini no kwijandika mu byaha

Agustini yiga i Tagaste

Ababyeyi be bitanze uko bari bashoboye kose, kugira ngo bamurere kandi yige neza, nubwo we kwiga bitari bimushishikaje, kuko imikino, amakinamico n’ibitaramo byari byaramutwaye umutima. Amashuri abanza, Agustini yayize iwabo i Tagaste. Muri 365 yakomereje mu ishuli ryisumbuye ry’i Maduara, aho yigiye gukurikiza amategeko y’ikibonezamvugo kurusha ay’Imana. Amaze kugira imyaka cumi n’itandatu, kwiga byabaye bihagaze, mu gihe ababyeyi be bakoraga hepfo na ruguru bashakashaka amafaranga yo kuzamwishyurira i Karitaje aho yize kaminuza.

Mbere y’uko arangiza amashuri ye i Carthage, ubusore bwaranze maze si ugukubagana yivayo. Muri uwo mwaka wa cumi na gatandatu yiroshye mu maraha, iby’isi biramutwara, maze ageze i Karitaje arushaho gusamara kugeza naho, kubera irari ry’umubiri, yashatse umukobwa wo kubana na we mu busambanyi. Agustini yatangiye kubana n’uwo mukobwa amaze imyaka cumi n’irindwi, maze mu mpeshyi y’umwaka wakurikiyeho babyarana umwana w’umuhungu bise Adewodatusi.

 ([1]….

1. Ese wowe wize ute amashuli yawe? Abanza, ayisumbuye, aya kaminunuza? Haba hari igihe wigeze guhagarika amasomo kubera kubura amafranga y’ishuli?
2. Ese nawe wize gutsinda mu ishuli bikorohera nka Agustini? Haba hari ikintu cyari kigushishikaje cyakubuzaga kwiga neza? Indirimbo z’abahanzi, imikino, amakinamico, ibitaramo by’abahanzi, gusakuza mu ishuli, kunywa inzoga, kureba amashusho y’urukozasoni, kubyina, amakuru y’abahanzi n’ibindi?
3. Ese ni ayahe makosa wakoze uri umunyeshuli ku buryo yangirije umubano wawe n’Imana?
4. Ese ni nde waguteye inkunga igihe wigaga? Ese haba hari umugiraneza wakwitangiye nk’uko Romanianus yitangiye Agustini igihe ubushobozi bw’ababyeyi be bwari bumaze kuba buke?
5. Ese ni gute ubana n’abakobwa n’abahungu? Ni ikihe cyerekezo cy’urukundo mukundana? …)

Agustini rero yize kaminuza i Karitaje afite n’inshingano z’umugabo mu rugo. Nyamara ntibyamubuzaga gutsinda neza mu ishuli no kuba uwa mbere, dore ko yari umuhanga cyane ariko akaba umwirasi n’umwiyemezi. (Ese nawe warirataga ukaniyemera ukiri umunyeshuli kubera gutsinda neza mu ishuli?). Mbere y’uko arangiza amashuri ye i Karitaje, ubusore bwaranze maze si ukwitwara nabi yivayo.  Arangije kwiga, ntabwo yabuze akazi. Yabanje kwigisha mu mujyi yavukiyemo, hanyuma yigisha i Karitaje. Muri icyo gihe yari atagishishikajwe no gukora icyiza Imana ishima, ahubwo yaroramye mu maraha y’isi. Byageze n’aho ata ukwemera yinjira mu idini ry’abigishabinyoma ryagenderaga ku nyigisho y’umuntu witwaga Mani. Yabisamayemo cyane, abimaramo imyaka icyenda, yarateye Imana umugongo.

Ni iki cyamuteye kuva muri Kiliziya Gatolika?

Cicero asoma igitabo

Afite imyaka 19, Agustini yasomye igitabo “Hortensius”cya Cicero, nuko ahindurwa n’ibyo yagisomyemo. Cicero yanditse ko umuntu wese ushaka kunezerwa, agomba gukunda, gushaka no kubona ubuhanga. Nyamara n’ubwo Cicero yavuze ko umuntu ushaka ubuhanga agomba kwitandukanya n’amaraha, nta nahamwe handitse izina rya Yezu Kristu mu gitabo cye. Kandi Agustini yavuze ko yanyoye izina rya Yezu mu mashereka ya nyina, ku buryo nta kintu na kimwe washoboraga kumwemeza igihe cyose mu nama wamugiraga uterekanaga aho bihuriye n’inyigisho za Yezu Kristu.

Ibyo byatumye Agustini ajya gusoma Bibiliya, yibwira ko yo izamufasha kugera ku buhanga. Ariko mu kuyisoma yakoze ikosa ryo kuyisoma nk’uri gusoma igitabo cya siyansi, ashaka kwiyumvisha ibyanditswemo n’ubwenge bwe ariko biramunanira maze ayirambika hasi, avuga ko imyandikire yayo utayigereranya n’ubuhanga bwa Cicero. Nyuma y’aho yaje guhura n’abamanikeye (les manichéens) bavugaga buri kanya izina rya Yezu Kristu na Roho Mutagatifu ariko mu mutima wabo batabemera. Agusitini yavuye muri Kiliziya Gatolika maze ashinga imizi mu buyobe, yinjira mu idini ry’abigishabinyoma, atwarwa n’inyigisho z’abamanikeye bemeraga ko habaho umugenga w’icyiza n’uw’ikibi.

 (….

1. Ese wowe ni ikihe gitabo wasomye kigahindura ubuzima bwawe?
2. Ese wowe urangije kwiga wabonye akazi nka Agustini?
3. Ese wowe ni ikihe kintu wahawe cyangwa wigishijwe n’abakureze ku buryo ugikomeyeho mu buzima bwawe bwa gikristu? Rozali se, ishapule se, gushengerera se, umudari se, isakapulari se, indangakwemera se, agashusho ka Yezu Nyir’impuhwe se, aka Bikira Mariya cyangwa ak’umutagatifu n’ibindi?
4. Ese ni gute usoma Bibiliya? Nk’igitabo cya siyanse? Wemera ko ibyanditswemo byose ari Ijambo ry’Imana cyangwa urabipinga nka Agustini akiri umusore?
5. Ese iwanyu nawe hari abigisha inyigisho zitandukanye n’ibyo Kiliziya yemera kandi yigisha nk’abamanikeye? Ese hari itorero ryigeze kugukurura? Ese ubana ute n’abantu bo mu yandi madini?
6. Ese iyo uvuga Yezu Kristu mu magambo uba umwemera koko mu mutima wawe? Cyangwa uri nk’abamanikeye kuri iyo ngingo? Cyangwa hari ibyo utamwemeraho? …)

 Urugendo rwo kwisubiraho no guhinduka kwa Agustini

Nyuma yo kwigisha i Karitaje igihe kitari gito, Agustini yanze agasuzuguro k’abanyeshuli baho bitwaraga nabi, maze asuzugura nyina, anyura mu nyanja, ajya i Roma kuko ho bavugaga ko abanyeshuli baho bitonda. Agustini amaze kugira imyaka 29 ni bwo yavuye i Karitaje ajya i Roma, ajya no kwigisha muri kaminuza yo mu mujyi wa Milano mu Butaliyani.

Guhinduka kwa Agustini 
(Musée des beaux arts de Caen)

I Milano aho yahawe intebe y’icyubahiro, kuko yari umwarimu w’umuhanga kandi uzi kwigisha mu mvugo yumvikana kuri bose. Aho Milano, yakiriwe n’abamanikeye, ariko aza kuvumbura ko ari ababeshyi maze abavamo. Ni naho kandi yamenyaniye n’umwepiskopi waho Ambrozi, nuko aramunyura, bityo inyigisho ze zituma agarukira ukwemera nyakuri.

Ageze i Milano, umwepiskopi mutagatifu Ambrozi, ni we wari umushumba w’uwo mujyi mu Butaliyani. Igihe kimwe, Agustini yakoze urugendo rutagatifu ajya muri Kiliziya y’i Milano kumva inyigisho za Ambrozi, ziramunyura cyane, na nyuma y’aho, akajyana kenshi n’abakristu kumva inyigisho uwo mwepiskopi yatangiraga mu kiliziya, agahora ameze nk’aho amatwi bayadodeye ku minwa ya Ambrozi.

Muri icyo gihe cyo kworama mu byaha kwa Agustini, Nyina Monika yari yarashenguwe n’ishavu n’agahinda kubera umwana we wari warasamaye akaninjira no mu idini ry’abigishabinyoma. Monika rero, ntiyahwemaye kumusabira. Yahoraga asenga cyane, amusabira ngo ahinduke agarukire Imana. Igihe kigeze, Imana yo ihoza abashavuye, yagize impuhwe yakira amasengesho ya Monika, nuko imuhanagura amarira yose, maze kubw’ingabire ye, inyigisho z’umwepiskopi Ambrozi n’urugero rwiza yamuhaye bituma Agustini agarukira Imana.

Muri urwo rugendo rwo kugarukira Imana, Agustini yafashijwe n’urugero rwiza yahawe inshuti ye magara Mutagatifu Alipe witondaga rwose kandi akomeye ku bumanzi bwe, akunda isengesho, akaba umukristu ufite ukwemera kandi w’intangarugero. Agustini yafashijwe kandi n’urugero n’inama byiza yahawe n’abantu yagishije inama aribo umwepiskopi mutagatifu Ambrozi, umupadiri Simplicianus n’umulayiki Ponticianus. Ikindi cyamufashije ni ibitabo bya Platon na Plotin n’amabaruwa ya Pawulo mutagatifu yasomye.

“Rom 13.13-14”- Isoko y’ishyaka ryo guhinduka

Agustini abatizwa

Akimara gusoma iri ijambo ry’Imana, Agustini yumvisemo isoko idakama idudubiza ishyaka ryo kurushaho gutera intambwe igana aheza mu muryango w’abana b’Imana. Nguko uko yafashe icyemezo cyo kwemera kubatizwa, maze mu ijoro ryo ku wa 24 rishyira iryo ku wa 25 Mata 387, abatirizwa mu gitaramo cya Pasika, we na wa mwana we Adewodatusi, ndetse n’inshuti ye Alipiyusi, muri kiliziya y’i Milano. Ni Mutagatifu Ambrozi wamubatije, we wari waramuhaye inyigisho z’ukuri za Kiliziya Gatolika. Muri Werurwe 387, ni bwo Agusitini yatangiye inyigisho ya gatigisimu yahabwaga n’umwepisikopi Ambrozi. Nyuma gato y’aho yakiriye iryo sakramentu, yafashe icyemezo ntakuka cyo kwizitura ku by’isi biyoyoka. Yumvaga atagishaka umugore, abana ku bw’umubiri, ubukungu n’icyubahiro byo muri iyi si, maze ahitamo gukorera Imana we n’abo babanaga, afite icyifuzo gikomeye cyo kubarizwa muri bwa bushyo Nyagasani yabwiye aya magambo: « Mwitinya, bushyo bukiri mbarwa, kuko umubyeyi wanyu yishimiye kubaha ingoma» (Lk 12, 32).

Agustini yashakaga kandi gushyira mu bikorwa ibyo Nyagasani Yezu atubwira ati: « Niba ushaka kuba intungane, genda ugurishe ibyo utunze, ibivuyemo ubihe abakene, maze uzagire ubukungu mu ijuru; hanyuma uze unkurikire» (Mt 19, 21). Icyo gihe yari amaze imyaka iri hejuru ya mirongo itatu n’itatu, agifite nyina gusa, wari ushimishijwe cyane n’icyemezo umuhungu we yafashe cyo gukorera Imana kurusha uko yari kwishima iyo aza kumubyarira abana ku bw’umubiri. Se yari yarapfuye igihe yari akiri umunyeshuri i Karitaje.

(….

1. Ese wowe ni uruhe rugendo rutagatifu wakoze rugahindura ubuzima bwawe? Niba waragiye i Kibeho, mu Ruhango cyangwa i Kabuga cyangwa ku ngoro ya Bikira Mariya Umwamikazi w’i Fatima mu Ruhengeri, byahinduye iki mu buzima bwawe?
2. Ese haba hari umusaseridoti mwahuye maze ibiganiro mwagiranye cyangwa inyigisho cyangwa ubuhamya yaguhaye bugahindura ubuzima bwawe?
3. Ese hari ibitabo usoma bikagufasha kugarukira Imana?
4. Ese ni uwuhe murongo wo muri Bibiliya wasomye ugahindura ubuzima bwawe?
5. Ese ufite umuyobozi wa roho ugufasha kugarukira Imana?
6. Ese hari abantu baguhaye urugero rwiza bakaguha n’inama nziza ku buryo nawe byagufashije kugarukira Imana?
7. Ese nawe ufite inshuti yitonda, ikunda isengesho, ikomeye ku bumanzi nka Mutagatifu Alipe, cyangwa ku busugi, musangira ubuzima ukamufungurira umutima nawe akagufungurira uwe, mufatanya gutera imbere mu busabaniramana, mukosorana kivandimwe, muganira ibijyanye n’imiterere y’ubuzima bwanyu bwa roho maze bikabafasha mwembi kugarukira Imana no kwitagatifuza?
8. Ese hari abantu mwahuye cyangwa se mwamenyanye bikakugirira akamaro mu buzima bwawe?
9. Ese waba warahuye n’abahamya b’impuhwe z’Imana?
10. Ese wabatijwe ryari? Uwo munsi wahinduye iki mu buzima bwawe?
11. Ese nawe uri umugarukiramana?
12. Ese nawe ujya ushaka Imana ngo musabane? Gute? Ni uwuhe mwanya Imana ifite mu buzima bwawe? Uyiha umwanya ungana gute muri gahunda zawe za buri munsi?
13. Ese ubigenza ute kugira ngo isengesho rihinduke ubuzima bwawe no kugira ngo ubuzima bwawe buhinduke isengesho?
14. Ese waba warigeze gukora umwitozo wo gusanga Imana mu mutima wawe? Byagenze bite? …) 

Agustini, mu rugendo rugana ubwepiskopi

Agusitini yafashe umwanya uhagije wo kwicuza imyitwarire ye mibi yo mu busore bwe, nuko agatangazwa n’uko Imana yahoze iruhande rwe ariko ntiyayimenya; aho ayimenyeye asanga ubugwaneza n’ubudahemuka bwayo ntacyo wabugeranya na cyo. Yamenye by’umwihariko ko Imana imukunda cyane, ko ishaka kumusogongeza ku byiza byayo, kandi ko ari Nziza cyane birenze uko twabyibwira. Agusitini yahise afata icyemezo cyo kugaruka iwabo muri Afurika. Agustini yabwiye abanyeshuri yigishaga muri kaminuza y’i Milano kwishakira undi mwalimu, kuko we yari yarafashe icyemezo cyo kwiyegurira Imana. Koko rero, yari yarahindutse ahindutse. Yasezeye ku kazi, maze we na nyina Monika, n’umwana we Adewodatusi, n’inshuti ze n’abandi bari bariyemeje, nka we, gukorera Imana, bagaruka iwabo muri Afurika bafite umugambi wo kubana mu buzima bwa kimonaki. Bageze ku cyambu cya Ostiya, mu majyepfo y’Ubutaliyani, nyina yafashwe n’indwara arapfa.  Yari afite imyaka 56.

Bageze muri Afurika, Agustini yamaze igihe kigera ku myaka itatu ari mu mwiherero, kure y’imihihibikano y’iby’isi, azirikana ubuntu Imana yamugiriye. Yabanaga n’abavandimwe bari baravanye i Milano, babaho bicuza, bihana, basiba, basenga, bakora ibikorwa by’urukundo n’impuhwe, kandi banazirikana amategeko y’Imana umunsi n’ijoro. Kubera ubwinshi n’uburemere bw’ibyaha yari yarakoze, Agustini yari yarafashe icyemezo cyo kubaho muri ubwo buzima, aharanira gusa umukiro wa roho. Umunsi umwe rero, ubwo yari yagiye gusenga muri kiliziya yo mu mujyi wa Hipone, umwepiskopi Valeriyusi yabwiye abakristu ko akeneye umuntu yaha isakramentu ry’ubusaseridoti, maze akajya amufasha kwigisha Ijambo ry’Imana, kuko yabonaga ko we adashoboye neza gutunganya uwo murimo.

Uwo mwepiskopi Valeriyusi yari yaravukiye mu Bugereki, ataracengeye cyane ururimi rw’ikilatini, bityo akagorwa no kwigisha mu kilatini. Yari akeneye umuhanga muri urwo rurimi, wo kumufasha kwamamaza no kwigisha Ivanjili. Nyamara Agustini ntabwo yari azi ibyari bigiye kumubaho. Abakristu bari bamuzi, bazi n’ubwenge bwe buhanitse, bamubonye mu kiliziya bahita bamufata bamwegereza umwepiskopi ngo amuhe ubupadiri: babimuhatiraga mu rusaku rwinshi cyane kugeza igihe umwepiskopi Valeriyusi yemeye kumuha isakramentu ry’ubusaseridoti. Ni mu gihe Agustini yari umukristu uhamye n’umunyamwete mu kwitagatifuza.

Ariko Agustini we, iryo torwa ryaramurijije cyane, kuko biturutse mu kureba kure, yabonaga ubwinshi n’uburemere bw’ibigeragezo n’amakuba kuyobora Kiliziya byamukururiraga n’ukuntu byashegeshaga ubuzima bwe, ni bwo yasutse inyanja y’amarira, ariko ntiyasubiza inyuma iyo ngabire y’Imana yari ije imusanga. (Ese nawe wifuza kuba Padiri? Kubera iki? )

Amaze kuba umusaseridoti, yahise asaba umwepiskopi igihe cyo gukora umwiherero wo kwitegura imirimo yari imutegereje, dore ko atari yarigeze na rimwe aba umuyobozi. Agustini ntiyasubiye iwabo i Tagaste muri bwa buzima – dore ko na wa mwana we Adewodatusi yari yarapfuye – ahubwo yubakishije inzu y’abamonaki iruhande rwa kiliziya i Hipone, nuko ahabana n’abandi bagaragu b’Imana bahuje umutima umwe n’amatwara amwe, kandi nta n’umwe wagombaga kugira icyo atunga ku giti cye, ahubwo byose byari rusange kuri bo, bigasaranganywa kuri buri muntu hakurikijwe icyo akeneye.

Agustini we ubwe ni we wafashe iyambere mu gutanga urugero rw’ubwo buzima. Ubwo bari bavuye mu Butaliyani, yagabanye na mushiki we Perepetuwa (na we yabaye umumonaki, ayobora monasiteri y’i Hipone) na murumuna we Navijiyusi (Navigius) ibyo basigiwe n’ababyeyi babo, maze umugabane we wose n’ibyo yari atunze ku giti cye, abigira rusange ku bo yabanaga na bo muri wa mwiherero. Ubwo buzima bwa kimonaki babagamo, bakurikiza imibereho y’imbaga y’abemera (Soma Intu 4, 32).

Umwepiskopi Valeriyusi we yari yarasazwe n’ibyishimo, agashimira Imana ubutaretsa, yo yumvise amasengesho yayituraga kenshi cyane ayisaba ngo imuhe umuntu ushoboye gukomeza Kiliziya ya Yezu Kristu, yifashishije Ijambo ry’Imana. Ubukristu n’umwete wo kwitagatifuza Agustini yari afite byamuteraga kunezerwa no kwizihirwa, binatuma amuhitamo ngo amubere umufasha we wa mbere. Nyuma y’umwaka umwe yarashaje, maze Agustini aba ari we umusimbura ku ntebe y’ubwepiskopi.

Kuva ubwo, Agustini yarushijeho kuba icyubahiro cya Kiliziya n’ikuzo ryayo. Yarushijeho kuba inyangamugayo, aba umukozi w’indahemuka mu murima w’Imana, aba umushumba w’umunyampuhwe mu bushyo bw’Imana, aharanira kandi yamamaza ikuzo ry’Imana, azirikana aya magambo: « ibanga ry’umwami ni ryo rikwiye kuzigamwa, na ho ibikorwa by’Imana byo bikwiye kwamamazwa, bikaratanwa icyubahiro» (Tobi 12, 7). Yakundaga abantu bya kibyeyi, cyane cyane abakene, abarwayi n’izindi mbabare.

Mu nyigisho ze no mu nyandiko ze nyinshi, yamamaje Ijambo ry’Imana mu rukundo no mu bwiyoroshye, ataretse no kuba intangarugero mu kurikurikiza. Yacubije abigishabinyoma benshi b’icyo gihe. Ibitabo yanditse, kuva icyo gihe na magingo aya, biracyari ishingiro ry’inyigisho za Kiliziya Gatolika, kandi bamwe mu babisomye byabafashije kugera ku butagatifu: aha twavuga mutagatifu Fransisko wa Salezi, mutagatifu Prosperi na mutagatifu Tereza w’Avila. Ku bw’ingabire y’Imana, Agustini yavuye mu mwijima yakira urumuri, ahinduka umwana w’Imana, yiyunga na Yo, anywana na Yo, ayibera umugaragu ndetse n’uw’abana bayo, kugeza ku myaka mirongo irindwi n’itandatu. Muri iyo myaka, mirongo itatu n’itandatu yayimaze ari umulayiki, umwe ari umupadiri, mirongo itatu n’icyenda ari umwepiskopi. Imana yamuhaye kurama kugira ngo akore ibikwiye mu mizabibu ye.

Agustini mu gihe cy’izabukuru

Amaze kugera mu zabukuru, mu mwaka wa 429 yaje kurwara bikomeye, ubwo burwayi nibwo bwamugejeje ku rupfu. Muri icyo gihe kandi yari yarasabye ko bamushyirira ku nkuta z’icyumba yari arwariyemo impapuro zanditseho mu nyuguti nini zaburi zo gusaba Imana imbabazi, maze igihe cyose ari mu buriri adasinziriye, akerekeza amaso kuri izo mpapuro, agasoma zaburi asenga kandi asuka amarira menshi cyane. Yari ahangayikishijwe n’umukiro wa roho ye, kubera ibyaha yari yarakoze kera mu busore bwe. Hari ibyo yibukaga ariko hari n’ibyo atibukaga ngo abyicuze. Yakundaga kuvuga ko nta muntu n’umwe, uko yaba ari intungane kose, wakagombye kuva muri ubu buzima adashenguwe n’ubwinshi n’uburemere bw’ibyaha yakoze, dore ko imbere y’Imana « nta n’umwe waba umwere» (Zab 143(142), 2).

Iminsi ya nyuma y’imibereho ye hano ku isi, yayirangije mu miniho irenze imivugirwe, asenga kandi yicuza, yiringiye impuhwe z’Imana. Nta murage w’ibintu yadusigiye, kuko ibyo yari atunze byose yari yarabigize rusange. Nk’uko Posidiyusi mutagatifu babanye imyaka mirongo ine mu bucuti bwa hafi abivuga. Agustini yari umukene, cyane ku buryo nta cyo yari afite rwose cyo kuraga abo babanaga. Roho ye yatandukanye n’umubiri, I Hipone (ubu ni Annaba muri Aligeriya), ku wa 28 Kanama 430, afite imyaka 76.

Mutagatifu Agustini, yasigiye Kiliziya abasaseridoti benshi, abamonaki b’abagabo n’ab’abagore b’intangarugero, ndetse n’inzu y’ibitabo yari yuzuyemo ibyo yanditse ndetse n’iby’abandi banditsi. Byongeye kandi yadusigiye urugero rwiza twebwe abashaka kugarukira Imana.  Agustini ni umuntu uzwi cyane mu mateka ya Kiliziya, ari mu bitabo byinshi yanditse, ari no mu nyigisho ze zisobanura ubutatu butagatifu. Ikindi bamuziho cyane mu nyandiko ze, ni uko yagaragaje ko muntu adafashijwe n’Inema y’Imana atabasha kurokoka. Kandi koko ni ko twagombye kubyemera. Bityo Kiliziya yamuhaye izina ry’umuhanga wa Kiliziya wigisha ibyerekeye Inema (Docteur de la Grâce).

Papa Bonifasi VIII yamwanditswe mu gitabo cy’abatagatifu mu 1298. Uwo mwaka kandi nibwo Agustini yatangajwe nk’umwalimu wa  kiliziya (docteurs de l’Église). Kiliziya gatolika ya Roma imuhimbaza kuwa 28 Kanama, naho iy’iburengerazuba (église orthodoxe) ikamuhimbaza kuwa 15 Kamena. Nyina Mutagatifu Monika, kiliziya imuhimbaza kuwa 4 Gicurasi. 

Mutagatifu Agustini, udusabire!

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[1] Ibibazo birii mu dukubo, bigamije gufasha umusomyi kwisuzuma neza kugira ngo iyi nshamake ku buzima bwa mutagatifu Agustini irusheho kumufasha guhinduka no kugarukira Imana by’ukuri.