Umwalimu wa Kiliziya, ni izina
ry’igisingizo -Title- rihabwa
umutagatifu rigasiba undi. Umwalimu wa Kiliziya - Doctor of the Church- ni
izina Kiliziya iha umutagatifu kubera uruhare rukomeye yagize mu bumenyamana- theology-
cyangwa mu mahame ya Kiliziya, binyuze mu bushakashatsi, inyigo cyangwa
inyandiko yokoze.Tereza w'Avila/ src; internet
Mu mwaka wa 2020, Kiliziya Gatolika
yari ifite Abarimu ba Kiliziya 36, aho 17 muri bo bitabye Imana mbere y’icikamo
kabiri rya Kiliziya -Great Schism- ryo
mu 1054. Muri abo 36 kandi, 27
bakomoka iburengerazuba, naho 9 ni abo mu burasirazuba. Harimo abasenyeri 18,
abapadiri 12, umudiakoni 1, ababikira 3. Abakomoka muri Afrika bakaba 3.
Abatagatifu bakurikira Kiliziya yemejeko ari bagize uruhare rukomeye mu
nyigisho n’amahame byayo, bityo ibagenera izina ry‘umwalimu wa kiliziya’:
1.
Mtg.
Girigori mukuru: Yabaye Papa wavuguruye bikomeye
imibereho y’abihayimana n’abamonaki kandi agakomeza ubupapa, akabuha imbaraga.
2.
Mtg.
Amburuwazi: Yabaye umwepiskopi wa Milan mu butaliyani, arwanya
bikomeye ubuyobe bw’Arius, wigishaga ko Mwana ari umuntu wifitime kameremana-
La pensée de l’arianisme affirme que si Dieu est divin, son Fils est d’abord
humain, mais disposant d’une part de divinité.
3.
Mtg.
Agusitini wa Hippone:
Yabaye umwepiskopi w’Afurika y’amajyaruguru wahanganye cyane n’ubuyobe
butandukanye, yandika inyandiko zitabarika. Ni umwe mu bahanga Kiliziya
y’iburengerazuba yita ‘Umwalimu w’Inema- Doctor of Grace.
4.
Mtg.
Jerome: Yahinduye isezerano rya kera ryanditse mu gihebureyi
aryandika mu kilatini. Yasubiyemo iserano rishya ryari ryahinduwe mu kilatini
kugira ngo haboneke Bibiliya yiswe ‘VULGATE’. Ni umuhanga mu bumenyi bwa
bibiliya- “Father of Biblical Science”.
5.
Mtg.
Tomasi w’Akwini: Ni umudominikani w’umutaliyani wibanze
ku kwandika kuri Filozofiya, tewolojiya no ku mahame ya Kiliziya Gatulika. Ni
umwe mu bahanga muri tewolojiya bahinduye byinshi I burengerazuba- Influentual Theologian in the West, akaba
n’umurinzi w’uburezi gatolika.
6. Mtg.
Yohani kirizositome: Yabaye umwepiskopi mukuru wa
Constantinople. Yanditse inyigisho hamwe n’amabaruwa byinshi. Ni umurinzi
w’abogeza Inkuru Nziza- patron of preachers.
7.
Mtg.
Bazili Mukuru: Yabaye umwepiskopi wa Kayizariya muri
Aziya, nawe yavuguruje ubuyobe bwa Arius, yandika inyandiko nyinshi, zirwanya
ubuyobe, zigashishakaza mu kwemera kuboneye atibagiwe n’amategeko agomba
kugenga abamonaki. Yagize uruhare
rukomeye mu mibereho y’abamonaki I burasirazuba- Father of Monasticism of the
East.
8.
Mtg.
Girigori w’i Naziyanzi: Yabaye umwepiskopi wa
Constantinople, ahangana na Arius wari umuyobe. Yanditse inyandiko nyinshi
z’ubumenyamana, amabaruwa n’imivugo.
9.
Mtg.
Athanazi: Yabaye umwepiskopi wa Alexandria, nawe yarwanije
bikomeye umuyobe Arius.
10. Mtg. Bonaventure:
Ni umufransiskani waje kuba umwepiskopi wa Albano mu butaliyani. Nyuma yaje no
kuba umukaridinali.
11. Mtg. Anselime wa Canterbury:
Yabaye umwepiskopi mukuru wa Canterbury.
12. Mtg. Isidori wa Seville: Yabaye umwepiskopi muku mukuru wa Seville mu
gihugu cya Esapagne.
13. Mtg. Petero kirizologe,
yabaye umwepiskopi mukuru wa Ravena mu butaliyani, umujyanama wa Papa Lewo wa
I. Yanditse inyigisho nyinshi zihangana n’ubuyobe kuri Yezu kristu: zahamyaga
ko “Mwana afite kameremana gusa – Monophysisme: le Fils n'a qu'une seule nature
et qu'elle est divine, cette dernière ayant absorbé sa nature humaine.”
14. Mtg. Lewo wa mbere, Mukuru: Umupapa warwanije, uko
bikwiye umwepiskopi wa Kiliziya ku isi, ubuyobe bwariho icyo gihe. Muri urwo
rugamba rwo kwimakaza ukwemera gutunganye, yifashshije inyandiko zinyuranye
zirimo n’izivuga byihariye kuri Kristu -Christology.
15. Mtg. Petero Damiyani:
Yabaye Karidinali ukomoka mu butaliyani, akaba mu muryango w’Ababenedictine,
yagize uruhare mu mavugururwa ya Kiliziya- ecclesiastical and Clerical
reformer.
16. Mtg. Berenaridi wa Clairvaux
nawe yagize uruhare mu kuvugurura imibereho y’abiyeguriyimana, abera umuyobozi
kandi anateza imbere umuyango w’abasisiterisieyani, Directeur of conscience,
promoter of cisterician order.
17. Mtg. Hilary wa Potiers:
Uyu mushumba wa Potiers ni umwe mu banditsi bambere banditse amahame mu
kilatini, yahanganye n’ubuyobowe bwa Arius, aburwanya yivuye inyuma.
18. Mtg. Alufonsi Liguori: Umusaseridoti wo mu muryango w’umucunguzi
mutagatifu- congrégation du Très saint Rédempteur, ni we wawushinze kuwa 9/11/1732. Ni we
wanditse mu 1761 ishapule y’ibikomere
bitanu bya Yezu.
19. Mtg. Fransisko wa Sale: Yabaye umwepiskopi wa Nipolis na Geneva.
Yabaye umwanditsi ukomeye- spiritual writer. Ni umurinzi w’abanditsi
n’itangazamakuru, hamwe na Jeanne wa Chantal yashinze umuryango
w’abavisitandine- Ordre de la Visitation de Sainte Marie- kuwa 6/06/1610
wemerwa na Papa Urban VIII kuwa 27/06/1625.
20. Mtg. Sirilo wa Alexandria:
Yabaye umwepiskopi mukuru wa Alexandria, yandika inyandiko zivuguruza ubuyobe
bwa Nestorius.
21. Mtg. Sirilo w’i Yeruzalemu:
Umwepiskopi mukuru wa Yeruzalemu, warwanije bikomeye inyigisho z’ubuyobe za
Arius
22. Mtg. Petero Canisius:
Umusaseridoti w’umuyezuwiti ufatwa nk’intumwa - Apostle- ya kabiri ya Allemagne
23. Mtg. Yohani w’umusaraba:
Yashinze umuryango w’abakarumeli akaba umuhanga mu bumenyamana bwiga ku
mayobera -Doctor of Mystical Theology.
24. Mtg. Roberiti Bellarmine:
Akomoka mu butaliyani, umwepiskopi mukuru w’umuyezuwiti wa Capua. Yanditse
byinshi agamije kurinda amahame ya Kiliziya, gatigisimu kandi yita ku mibanire
ya Kiliziya n’ibindi bihugu no ku ishami rya tewolojiya ryiga kuri Kiliziya-
ecclesiology.
25. Mtg.
Albert Mukuru: Umudominikani
wabaye umwepiskopi wa Regensburg mu budage, ni we wigishije Mutagatifu Tomasi
w’Akjwini. Yabaye ikirangirire kugeza ubwo bamwita Umwalimu w’isi yose,
umwalimu w’inararibonye- “universal Doctor, Expert Doctor”
Antoine wa Padua: |
26. Mtg.
Antoine wa Padua: Ni we
mufransisikani wa mbere wiswe Umwalimu w’Ivanjili- Evangelical Doctor- yabaye
umuhanga n’ikirangire muri tewolojiya no kwamamaza Ivanjili. Papa
Girigori wa 9, wamugize umwe mu bajyanama be, yamuhaye igisingizo- Title- cyo
kuba “Ubukungu buzima bwa Bibiliya -Trésor vivant de la Bible”. Yabaye
umusaseridoti uzwi ho kwigisha amahame yerekeye roho, kwamamaza ivanjili no
kugira ingabire yo gukiza indwara (Doctrine Spirituelle, prédicateur, et
thaumaturge).
27. Mtg.
Tereza wa Avila: Ni we wambere
mu batagatifukazi wageze ku rwego rwo kuba “umwalimu wa Kiliziya.” Yashinze
umuryango w’ababikira b’abakarumeli aba n’umwanditsi w’agatangaza w’inyandiko
zirimo n’iz’amayobera- prolificc spiritual and mystical writer.
28. Mtg.
Gatarina wa Siena: Ni umutaliyani
witagatifurije mu muryango w’abadominikani. Yanditse inyandiko nyinshi ku
mayobera- mystique.
29. Mtg.
Yohani wa Avila: Uyu wabayeho
umuyobozi wa roho wa Mutagatifu Tereza w’Avila, amateka agaragaza ko ari uwa 34 mu barimu ba kiliziya, yashizwe muri uru rwego na kuwa 27/10/ 2012 na Papa Benedigito wa XVI. Ni umusaseridoti wo muri esapagne
wagize uruhare mu kwamamaza ukwemera muri Andalusia no mu ivugururwa ya
kiliziya muri Espagne.
30. Hari kandi Abatagatifu Hildegaridi wa Bingen, Girigori wa Narek, Lawurensiya wa Brindisi, Beda-
the Venerable- uzwi cyane mu mateka ya England, Yohani Damaseni na Efuremu
bo muri Syria.
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