Mutagatifu Didasi, umufransiskani

“Musaraba ukwiye gukundwa, namwe misumari ikwiye gukundwa, mwebwe mwateruye umubiri wa Nyagasani, mwebwe mwenyine mwari mukwiye guterura Umwami w’Ijuru n’isi”... umutima we wari nk’ibitaro byagutse cyane kandi bikize kurusha…

Didasi yavukiye mu gihugu cya Hispaniya mu mwaka w’1400. Didasi ni we “Diego.” Ababyeyi be bari abahinzi. Didasi akiri muto yari umwana ukerebutse kandi w’imico myiza. Akiri muto kandi, ababyeyi be bamuragije uwihayimana wiberaga wenyine (Ermite) muri uwo mudugudu Didasi yavukiyemo witwaga San Nikolas del Puerto. Amaze kuba umusore yinjiye mu muryango w’abafransisikani (Frères mineurs de l'Observance) i Kordu, aba umufurere. Kuva ubwo yakoze imirimo myinshi inyuranye ari ukwita ku bitunga urugo, kwakira abashyitsi, ukwita ku barwayi n’ibindi.

Kwitagatifuza kwe kwagaragariraga muri byinshi, haba mu myifatire ye cyangwa mu kwigomwa. Ariko mbere ya byose yari ashyigikiwe n’isengesho rikomeye yakoraga, kandi akagira ukwemera gukomeye. mu mwaka w’1445, yoherejwe kuba mu rundi rugo rw’abafurere rwabaga mu birwa byitwa Canaries (biri hafi y’igihugu cyabo) ; aho akaba yari afite ubutumwa bwo kuyobora urwo rugo. Igihe i Roma habaye umunsi mukuru wo gushyira Bernardini w’i Siyena mu rwego rw’abatagatifu mu mwaka w’1450, Didasi ni we watumwe guhagararira bagenzi be.

Muri iyo minsi, akiri i Roma, haduka icyorezo cy’indwara nuko basaba Didasi kuvura abo barwayi batari bafite kirengera. Abantu batangazwaga n’ukwitanga kwe n’ukuntu abarwayi bakiraga vuba. Nyuma yaje gusubira mu gihugu cye cya Hispaniya, aho yarangirije ubuzima bwe hano ku isi. Didasi yaguye mu kigo cya Alkala muri Hispaniya mu w’1463 yishwe n’ikibyimba, aho yari atunzwe n’isengesho ritaretsa, n’ukwibabaza, umutuzo no kurangamira ubwiza bw’Imana. Isengesho rye yarivomagamo ihirwe ritavugwa. Bavuga kandi ko yajyaga yijugunya mu iriba ry’urubura kugira ngo acubye irari (concupiscence).

Amaze gupfa, umubiri we ntiwashangutse, ahubwo ukagira impumuro nziza cyane. Hari n’ibindi bitangaza yakoze nyuma y’urupfu rwe. Igihe kimwe umwami Heneriko wa IV wa Kastiye yari yagiye guhiga, maze ahanuka ku ifarasi, akomereka bikomeye ku kuboko. Yarababaraga cyane bikabije, kandi abaganga bari barananiwe kumuvura. Yagiye kwinginga mutagatifu Diego (ari we Didasi) ngo amukize. Nuko basohora umurambo wa Diego bawushyira hanze y’isanduku, bawushyira hafi y’aho umwami yari ari.

Didasi agaburira abakene

Umwami Heneriko aca bugufi, asoma umubiri w’uwo mutagatifu, afata ikiganza cy’uwo mutagatifu Didasi, agifatisha ukuboko kwe kwakomeretse. Ako kanya ububabare yari afite buhita bugenda, n’ukuboko kwe guhita gukira gusubirana imbaraga kwahoranye. Didasi yakundaga Bikira Mariya, ndetse n’abarwayi yakundaga kubasiga amavuta yo mu matara yamurikaga ateretse imbere y’ishusho ya Bikira Mariya, akayabasiga abakoreraho ikimenyetso cy’umusaraba.

Ni muri urwo rwego abantu benshi bakize indwara nyinshi ku buryo bw’igitangaza. Ariko rwose yakundaga abarwayi urukundo rwinshi cyane, ku buryo abanditse ku buzima bwe banditse ko “umutima we wari nk’ibitaro byagutse cyane kandi bikize kurusha ibyubakwaga n’Abapapa ndetse n’abami, ku buryo byashoboraga kwakira abarwayi banyuranye batabarika. Kandi ntiyigeraga yinubira uburwayi bwabo.

Ndetse inshuro nyinshi abantu bamubonye asoma ibisebe by’abarwayi byabaga biri kunuka. Igihe cyose yahoraga atekereza inzira y’umusaraba ya Yezu Kristu Umukiza we wabambwe ku musaraba. Yazirikanaga ubwo bubabare arambuye amaboko ku musaraba cyangwa afite umusaraba mu biganza bye ku buryo byamutwaraga bikomeye, kugeza ubwo roho ye iterura umubiri we agasigara ateretse mu kirere ntaho afashe kandi akamara igihe kirekire. Yakundaga kandi gushengerera Isakaramentu ritagatifu ry’Ukarisitiya.

Ari hafi gupfa, ku itariki 12 Ugushyingo, yari afite umusaraba munini. Amagambo ye ya nyuma ni aya “musaraba ukwiye gukundwa, namwe misumari ikwiye gukundwa, mwebwe mwateruye umubiri wa Nyagasani, mwebwe mwenyine mwari mukwiye guterura Umwami w’Ijuru n’isi.

[Byakusanyijwe na padiri Theophile TWAGIRAYEZU, diocese Byumba. Ku yandi makuru ku nyandiko twakusanyije ku mibereho y'abatagatifu bariza kuri tel: 0782889963/ 0722889963 (ubunyamabanga bwa SPES MEA)].

Didasi yitabye Imana kuwa 13 Ugushyingo 1463, akaba yizihizwa kuri iyo tariki ya 13 Ugushyingo  buri mwaka.

Mutagatifu Didasi, udusabire!

Inshamake ku muryango w’Abalazariste mu Rwanda

Padiri Theoneste ZIGIRINSHUTI
Umuyobozi wungirije w'umuryango
w'Abalazariste mu Rwanda no mu Burundi

Ubwo Umuryango w’Abalazariste wizihizga Yubile y’imyaka 25 umaze mu Rwanda, wari ufite abanyamuryango kavukire 23. Uyu muryango ubarizwa mu madiyosezi atatu ku icyenda zibarizwa mu Rwanda. Watangiriye muri diyosezi ya Ruhengeri. 

Umuryango w’Abalazariste (La Congrégation de la Mission, « pères ou frères lazaristes » ou « lazaristes ») wavugiye i Paris (France), ushingwa na Mutagatifu Visenti wa Pawulo, kuwa 17 Mata 1625. Kuwa 24 Mata 1626: wemewe ku rwego rwa Diyosezi na Myr Jean Francois de Gondi, wari umwepiskopi wa diyosezi ya Paris. 

Kuwa 12 Mutarama 1633 wemewe na Papa Urubano wa VIII. Sitati y’umuryango yemejwe na Papa Alegizanderi wa VII, mu kwezi kwa Nzeri 1655. 

Umuyobozi w’umuryango ku rwego rw’isi (Superieur général) ni na we uyubora umuryango w’Abari b’Urukundo (Compagnie des Filles de la Charité ou Filles de la Charité de Saint Vincent de Paul), na wo washinzwe na mutagatifu Visenti wa Pawulo afatanije na Sr Louise de Marillac. Atorerwa manda y’imyaka itandatu n’abagize inteko nkuru y’umuryango (Chapitre général). 

Mu kirangantego cy’umuryango, handitsemo amagambo y’ikilatini dusanga mu Ivanjili yanditswe na mutagatifu Luka; "Evangelizare pauperibus misit me" (Roho wa Nyagasani arantwikiriye, kuko yantoye akansiga amavuta, agira ngo ngeze Inkuru Nziza ku bakene, ntangarize imbohe ko zibohowe. Lk 4,18). 

Mu Rwanda, umuryango watangiriye ubutumwa muri Paruwasi ya Nemba mu 1998. Umumisiyoneri wa mbere yageze mu Rwanda kuwa 7 Ukuboza 1998, ku busabe bwatanzwe n’uwari umushumba wa Diyosezi ya Ruhengeri, Myr Yozefu SIBOMANA. Mu kwezi kwa Gicurasi 1999, niho umumisiyoneri wa mbere yageze mu Burundi. Mu kwezi k’Ukwakira 1999, uyu muryango wari ufite abamisiyoneri babiri mu Rwanda na babiri mu Burundi, nyuma haje n’abandi baturutse mu Akarere k’iyogezabutumwa ka Kolombiya (Province de Colombie). 

Mu kwezi kwa Kamena 2002, Abamisiyoneri b’Abalazariste basuwe n’igisonga cy’umuyobozi w’umuryango ku isi, Padiri José Ignacio de Mendoza, CM (Vicaire general) n’umujyanama w’Akarere k’iyogezabutumwa ka Kolombiya (Province de Colombie). Bamutuye icyifuzo cyo gushinga Akarere k’iyogezabutumwa k’u Rwanda n’u Burundi ndetse n’icyo gutangira gutegura abashaka kuba Abalazariste. Ibyo byifuzo byombi byahawe umugisha muri uwo mwaka, ubwo Akarere k’iyogezabutumwa k’u Rwanda n’u Burundi ivuka ityo muri uwo mwaka wa 2002. 

Icyiro cy’ibanze gitegura abashaka kuba abapadiri (La propédeutique) cyatangiye kuwa 27 Nzeri 2002, gitangirira mu Rwanda gifite abanyeshuri 12. Uwa mbere wakiriwe n’uyu muryango we yari yoherejwe muri Kolombiya (Colombie) mu kwezi kwa mbere k’uwo mwaka. 

Kuwa 19 Werurwe 2023, Abamisiyoneri b’Abalazariste bizihije Yubile y’Imyaka 25 bamaze bageze mu Rwanda. Iyo yubile yizihirijwe muri paruwasi ya Nemba, ho muri diyosezi ya Ruhengeri, byitabirwa na Musenyeri Visenti Umwepiskopi wa Ruhengeri, Padiri Tomaz Mavric umuyobozi w’umuryango ku rwego rw’isi ndetse n’abandi basaseridoti n’abihayimaana benshi. Ubwo hizihizwaga iyi yubile, uyu muryango wari ufte abanyamuryango bagera kuri 23 b’abanyarwanda. 

Umuyobozi w’ Umuryango w’Abalazarisite mu Rwanda no mu Burundi (superieur général) ni Padiri Miguel MARTINEZ, CM, akaba yungirijwe na Padiri Theoneste ZIGIRINSHUTI, Padiri mukuru wa Paruwasi ya Nemba. Umuryango w’Abalazarisite mu Rwanda ukorera ubutumwa mu madiyosezi atatu, Diyosezi ya Ruhengeri muri Paruwasi ya Nemba, Diyosezi ya Kabgayi muri Paruwasi ya Gitare, no muri Diyosezi ya Kibungo muri nkambi y’impunzi ya Mahama.

Twizihize abatagatifu Simoni na Tedeyo, Intumwa

Simoni ati: «izuba ubwaryo rikorera Imana, ntabwo rero ari ikigirwamana. Ahubwo ibi bibumbano byanyu bituwemo n’amashitani. Ngiye kuyirukana rero.» … muri ibyo bibumbano hasohokamo amashitani afite amashusho ateye ubwoba cyane; maze n’ibyo bibumbano birashwanyagurika. ...

Mutagatifu Simoni, Intumwa

Mutagatifu Simoni

Simoni Mutagatifu ni umwe mu Ntumwa cumi n’ebyiri za Yezu Kristu, kandi avugwa mu bitabo by’Ivanjili. Yavukaga i Kana mu Galileya nk’uko tubisanga mu Ivanjili ya Yezu Kristu, uko yanditswe na Matayo 10, 4. Kuba mu Ivanjili bamwita « umurwanashyaka », bakeka ko yaba yarabanje kuba mu gatsiko k’abayahudi kari gafite ishyaka ryo kurwanya abanyaroma bari barabakolonije. Aba barwanashyaka bitwazaga inkota ngufi mu myambaro yabo, babona umusirikare w’umunyaroma arangaye bakayimutera maze bakihisha. Simoni rero yacitse ako gatsiko maze aza mu bigishwa ba Yezu.

Kimwe n’uko bashobora kuba baramuhimbye ‘umurwanashyaka’ bitewe n’ishyaka yagaragazaga. Ariko kandi izina Simoni bisobanura « uwumva », « usobanukirwa », (« qui entend »). Simoni yari umurwanashyaka, urwanira ibyo yemera akoresheje imbaraga ze zose, kabone n’ubwo yatanga ubuzima bwe. Simoni amaze kumva ijwi ry’Umwana w’Imana rimuhamagara, yahisemo kureka kwitwara nka mbere, yiyemeza kugendana na Yezu. Amaze gufata icyemezo cyo kugendana na Yezu, yazanye n’ishyaka yari asanganywe ngo arikoreshe mu kwamamaza Inkuru Nziza.

Simoni yari mu Ntumwa zakurikiye Yezu zikuze. Kuba yari inararibonye mu buzima bwe byatumye atega amatwi Yezu, ntagaragaze amashagaga, yiteguye ko igihe Yezu azamutuma kwamamaza inkuru nziza azakoreshya ishyaka rye n’ubushishozi yari afite. Mu ntumwa za Yezu, Simoni yari umuntu uzi gucisha make, akamenya gushishoza, agakiza impaka kandi akumva vuba ibyo Yezu yabaga yabigishije. Abakristu ba mbere bavuga ko Simoni yaba yaragiye kwamamaza Ivanjili mu gihugu cya Misiri, Libiya no muri Aligeriya. Nyuma yaho, akaba yarasanze Intumwa Yuda ari we Tadeyo, bakajya kwamamaza Inkuru nziza hakurya y’umugezi wa Ewufurati (Euphrate) mu gihugu cy’Ubuperisi.

Icyo gihe hari mu bwami bw’abapariti (empire parthe). Aho ni mu majyepfo y’igihugu cya Arumeniya cy’ubu. Simoni na Yuda Tadeyo bamaze guhurira mu Buperisi, bafatanyije kwigisha Inkuru Nziza ya Yezu Kristu; bombi ni n’aho bapfiriye bahowe Imana. Babishe ariko barabanje gukora umurimo utoroshye muri icyo gihugu. Kuko bari barahinduye abantu benshi bakaba abakristu ndetse n’umwami n’ingabo ze nyinshi bakemera kubatizwa. Bishwe n’abarwanyaga ubukristu bo mu yindi mirwa y’igihugu aho bari baragiye kwamamaza Ivanjili.

Muri iyo mijyi hari ibigirwamana by’ibibumbano, ibyo rero Simoni na Yuda banga kubyubaha, bibaviramo kwicwa. Bavuga ko Simoni Intumwa yaba yarapfuye bamuciyemo kabiri bakoresheje urukezo kuko atashyigikiye ibigirwamana by’ibibumbano byabo. Bakunze kumwerekana afite urukezo. Ubundi bakamwerekana afite Igitabo cy’Ivanjili ari kumwe na Yuda Tadeyo we afite ubuhiri kuko aribwo yicishijwe.

Mutagatifu Tadeyo Intumwa

Mutagatifu Yuda Tadeyo

Simoni na Tadeyo, Aya mazina yombi arakurikirana iyo bavuga Amazina y’Intumwa cumi n’ebyiri za Yezu. Simoni yakomokaga i Kana hamwe Yezu yakoreye igitangaza cya mbere. Yiswe Simoni w’i Kana ari ukwanga ko yitiranwa na Simoni umutware w’Intumwa. Yabanje kwigisha mu Misiri, muri Moritaniya no muri Libiya. Yuda ari we Tadeyo yari mubyara wa Yezu. Yezu ataramutora mu Ntumwa ze yari umuhinzi. Tadeyo we yabanje kwigisha muri Afrika hanyuma asubira muri Aziya, yigisha muri Yudeya, Samariya, Siriya na Mesopotamiya. Nyuma, we na Simoni bahuriye mu Buperisi bahigisha bombi. Ni naho bapfiriye bahowe Imana, umunsi umwe. Kuba barigishije hamwe, bakanapfira hamwe bituma bizihirizwa umunsi umwe.

Ibitangaza Nyagasani yabahaye gukora byatumye umwami w’aho abubaha maze abarekera uburenganzira bwabo bwo kwigisha Inyigisho Ntagatifu kandi nshyashya muri icyo gihugu. Igitangaza gikomeye cyatangaje bose ni uko, igihe kimwe, ibicokoma bibiri (ni inyamaswa z’inkazi cyane zishaka gusa n’ibisamagwe, ariko zo ni nini kandi ndende kurusha intare n’ingwe), byigeze gutoroka ikigo zari zifungiranyemo, ziyogoza igihugu cyose. Mu izina rya Yezu Kristu, Simoni na Tadeyo bazitegetse kubakurikira, zirabakurikira, bazijyana mu kigo cyazo. Bituma umwami abatizwa n’urugo rwe rwose, n’abaturage barenga ibihumbi mirongo itandatu bahinduka abakristu. Basenye intambiro za gipagani, bubaka za Kiliziya nyinshi. Icyo gihe Sekibi yararakaye, ashaka ko kwamamaza Ivanjili bihagarara.

Aho bari bagiye kwamamaza Ivanjili mu yindi mijyi itarabamenye mbere, abapagani b’aho bategetse Simoni na Tadeyo gutura ibitambo ikigirwamana bita izuba, kuko ari cyo basengaga. Barabakurubanye babajyana ku rutambiro rw’ibyo kigirwamana, abapfumu babyo bakomeza kubahatira gutura ibitambo ibigirwamana. Muri ako kanya, babona Nyagasani Yezu Kristu ari kumwe n’abamalayika, abahamagara ngo bitegure kumusanga. Simoni abwira abo bapagani ati : « izuba ubwaryo rikorera Imana, ntabwo rero ari ikigirwamana. Ahubwo ibi bibumbano byanyu bituwemo n’amashitani. Ngiye kuyirukana rero. » Nuko muri ibyo bibumbano hasohokamo amashitani afite amashusho ateye ubwoba cyane ; maze n’ibyo bibumbano birashwanyagurika. Imbaga yose y’abo bapagani yiroha ku Ntumwa, barazica, nazo zipfa zisingiza Imana kandi zisabira abishi bazo.

Twizihiza abatagatifu Simoni na Tadeyo ku itariki 28 Ukwakira.

(Byakusanyijwe na padiri Theophile TWAGIRAYEZU, diocese Byumba. Ku yandi makuru ku nyandiko twakusanyije ku mibereho y'abatagatifu bariza kuri tel: 0782889963/ 0722889963, ubunyamabanga bwa SPES MEA)

Tadeyo azwi kandi ku izina rya Yuda, akaba mwene Yakobo. Ni umwe mu bavandimwe bane ba Yezu.

Mutagatifu Narsisi, Umwepisikopi wa Yeruzalemu

 …Uwa  mbere ati : “ nkaba mubeshyera ndagahira mu nzu”. Uwa kabiri ati: “niba ibyo mvuze atari ukuri  nzabembe” . Uwa gatatu ati : “ niba mubeshyera nzahume”. … Imana irabagaragaza; uwa mbere ahira mu nzu ye, uwa kabiri na we ibibembe bimwuzura ku mubiri wose. Uwa gatatu yahumye na we arahuma…

Narsisi yavukiye mu gihugu cya Palesitina ahagana mu mpera z’igisekuruza cya mbere cyangwa mu ntangiriro z’igisekuruza cya kabiri.

Narsisi yabaye umwepisikopi w’i Yeruzalemu ahagana mu mwaka wa 200. Icyo gihe yari afite imyaka 80. Uwo murimo watumye agira umwete n’umuhate mu kwamamaza Inkuru nziza ya Kristu. Umwete yagaragazaga mu murimo we wari indengakamere kuko wari urenze uw’abo mu kigero cy’imyaka ye. Yagiraga ukwigomwa n’ukwibabaza gukomeye. Mu mwaka w’195, Narisisi ari kumwe na Tewofili umwepiskopi wa Kayezariya, yayoboye Inama nkuru ya Kiliziya; iyo nama yigaga uko umunsi mukuru wa Pasika y’abakirisitu uzajya wizihizwa n’igihe uzajya wizihirizwaho. Muri iyo nama ni ho hemejwe bidasubirwaho ko Pasika abakirisitu bazajya bayizihiza iteka ari ku munsi w’icyumweru, ko batazongera gukurikiza umunsi abayahudi bizihirijeho Pasika.

Narisisi yakoze ibitangaza byinshi, ariko hari icyagaragaye cyane. Bavuga ko igihe kimwe, hari mu gitaramo cya Pasika, nuko bigaragara ko nta mavuta ari mu matara yari mu kiliziya. Nuko asaba ko bavoma amazi mu byobo byari hafi aho. Ayo mazi barayazanye, ayaha umugisha, bayasuka mu matara, nuko amatara araka bisanzwe, ariko mu kureba ikiri kwaka muri ayo matara, basanga ya mazi yahindutse amavuta.

Yararambye cyane kandi imibereho ye imugaragazaho ubutagatifu hakiri kare.  Umwete yagiraga wo kogeza ingoma ya Kristu watumye abanzi ba Kiliziya bamugirira urwango rukomeye bifuza kumwirukanisha mu gihugu. Igihe kimwe abantu batatu mu bamurwanyaga bagiye inama yo kumusebya bamubeshyera ngo bamwirukane mu gihugu. Bahimba ibyaha bikomeye, babitura aho bigeza n’ubwo bemera kurahira ibinyoma ngo bakunde babyemeze.

Uwa  mbere ati : “ nkaba mubeshyera ndagahira mu nzu”. Uwa  kabiri ati: “niba ibyo mvuze atari ukuri  nzabembe”. Uwa gatatu ati : “ niba mubeshyera nzahume”. Ntihaciye kabiri muri ibyo binyoma byabo bigeretseho indahiro Imana irabagaragaza; uwa mbere inzu ye irashya ahiramo, uwa kabiri na we ibibembe bibi cyane bimwuzura ku mubiri wose. Uwa gatatu yahumye asa n’uri mu nzozi atazi ibimubaho. Imana ubwayo ni yo yiyemeje kumuhorera.

Mutagatifu Narsisi

Cyakora hagati aho, Narisisi ibinyoma bamuregaga byaramurenze, ajya kwibera mu butayu mu gihe kigera ku myaka umunani. Abepiskopi bo muri ako karere baje gutekereza kumusimbura. Batatu bamusimbuje ku buryo bukurikiranye bamaze igihe gito. Abakirisitu bahise bashikama baramushakisha kugira ngo agaruke kwita kuri kiliziya ye. Umwepiskopi Alegizanderi wa Kapadosiya wo mu gihe cya Narisisi, yanditse avuga ko Narisisi w’imyaka ijana na cumi n’itandatu asaba abakirisitu bo muri diyosezi ya Antinowe ho mu Misiri kurangwa n’ubumwe, n’ubwumvikane. Aba bakirisitu bo muri iyi diyosezi bamufataga nk’umwepiskopi wabo w’icyubahiro.

Narsisi yabaye umwepisikopi ukunzwe cyane n’abakristu be na we kandi akababera urugero rwiza  mu kwitagatifuza. Yitabye Imana afite imyaka ijana na cumi n’itandatu. 

Twizihiza mutagatifu Narisisi w’i Yeruzalemu ku itariki 29 Ukwakira.

(Byakusanyijwe na padiri Theophile TWAGIRAYEZU, diocese Byumba. Ku yandi makuru ku nyandiko twakusanyije ku mibereho y'abatagatifu bariza kuri tel: 0782889963/ 0722889963, ubunyamabanga bwa SPES MEA)

Kuki yigeretseho batisimu yagenewe abanyabyaha?

Kristu se ko ari Intungane y’Imana, Ntama w’Imana ukiza ibyaha by’abantu, kuki yigeretseho batisimu yagenewe twe abanyabyaha twavukanye icyaha? Menya igisubizo gikubiye mu ngingo eshatu.

 1.    Kunga ubumwe n’abanyabyaha

Yezu yemeye kubatizwa na Yohani muri Yorudani agira ngo yunge ubumwe n’abanyabyaha b’ibihe byose na hose. 

Yezu nta na hamwe tumubona haba muri Bibiliya no mu ruhererekane rw’ingigisho za Kiliziya, ashwana n’abanyabyaha babyemera kandi bashaka kugarukira Imana. Mwibuke Matayo wari umusoresha yirirwa yiba ibya rubanda. Zakewusi wari umwambuzi. Wa mugore w’ihabara. Petero wambwihakanye.

Aba bose n’abandi benshi baduhagarariye, natwe tutiretse, Yezu abarwanaho, akabatakambira imbere ya Data, ati “Dawe bababarire kuko batazi ibyo bakora”. Yereka isi ihora ishaka kumumwaza ko twe abantu be twamunaniye, ko muganga atabereyeho abazima, ahubwo abarwayi bemera kumusanga akabavura; ko ataje kubera intungane ahubwo twe abanyabyaha. Muri Batisimu Yezu yunze ubumwe n’abanyabyaha ngo adufashe kwamurura umwijima w’icyaha.

2.    Guha amazi umugisha no kuyatangeho ikimenyetso cyizakoreshwa muri Kilziya

Yezu yemeye kubatizwa kandi ari intungane, agira ngo ahe amazi umugisha kandi ayatangeho ikimenyetso cyizakoreshwa muri Kilziya kugira ngo abantu bavuke bundi bushya bitwe abana b’Imana. Ku bw’ibyo, si ngombwa kujya iyo hose muri Israheli ahari Yorudani. Byongeye si na ngombwa gucukura ibyuzi ngo ni Yorudani, dore ko ari n’akagezi gatemba; si ngombwa ubwinshi cyangwa ingano y’amazi; icyangomwa ni amazi.

Yezu yashatse guduha icyo kimenyetso cy’amazi. Niyo mpamvu iwacu muri za Kiliziya zacu na twe tuhafiye Yorudani, ni ukuvuga iriba rya Batisimu. Twakijijwe na Kristu mu kwemera no mu rukundo ubwo tuvutse bundi bushya mu mazi no muri Roho Mutagatifu. Guhakana Batisimu wahawe muri Kiliziya ukongera ukajya kwibashya ngo wabatijwe, ni ukuyorera, ni ukuyoba, no guhakana nkana Imana Umubyeyi. Ntaho umuntu aba ataniye na wa mwana ukura akabwira ababyeyi ati “ntimukiri ababyeyi, mwambyariraga iki, ntimuzongere kumbyara”! Ni akaga! Yabahakana yagira ate, ntibikuraho isano yarangije kwiyandika!

3.    Kugenura Batisimu azahabwa ku musaraba

Kristu Umwana w’Ikinege w’Imana yemeye kubatizwa kandi we nta cyaha yigeze, agira ngo agenure Batisimu azahabwa ku musaraba. Yezu yigeze kubaza bene Zebedeyi (Yohani na Yakobo) bahataniraga amakuzo, imyanya myiza mu ngoma ye, ati “mbese mwe mufite inyota yo kwicarana na njye tukima ingoma, mwiteguye kuzahabwa Batisimu nzahabwa”?

Ni nko kubabaza ni ba biteguye kumubera abahamya ku buryo banabipfira! Yavugaga urupfu rw’umusaraba rwari rumutegereje. Si ubwinshi bw’amazi bukiza! Twakijijwe na Batisimu kuko twemeye gupfana na Kristu, tugahamba icyaha, tukagisiga mu nyenga, tuzazukana na We. Batisimu ni Isakramentu ry’abazutse bategereje ikuzo mu ijuru.

(Byakuwe mu nyandiko “Niba warabatijwe, urabaruta, komera ku isezerano!”, Inyigisho yo ku cyumweru cya Batisimu ya Nyagasani, yanditswe na Padri Padiri Théophile NIYONSENGA. Inyigisho yose iboneka ku rubuga rwa Yezu akuzwe)

Mutagatifu Luka, Umwanditsi w’Ivanjili

… ni we dukesha “Ndakuramutsa Mariya”,“indirimbo ya Bikira Mariya (Magnificat)”,“indirimbo ya Zakariya” ( Benedictus) n’“indirimbo ya Simewoni” (Nunc dimittis.)…

Bavuga ko Luka yavukiye i Antiyokiya muri Aziya ntoya (muri Turukiya y’ubu). Yize amashuri akomeye y’icyo gihe, amenya ikigereki, igihebureyi, Filozofiya n’ubuganga. Nuko aba umwigishwa w’Intumwa mu ba mbere, cyane cyane yigishwa na Mutagatifu Pawulo. Bajyana henshi Pawulo yajyaga kwigisha. Ndetse inshuro ebyiri zose igihe Pawulo yafatwaga agafungwa, bari kumwe nubwo we atafashwe. Aho amariye kumenya Ivanjili, yafashije Pawulo kuyigisha. Luka ni umwanditsi w’Ivanjili ya gatatu n’uw’igitabo cy’Ibyakozwe n’Intumwa. Yakoze imirimo ikomeye cyane mu Isezerano rishya.

Nk’uko kandi bigaragara mu nyandiko ze zose, bavuga ko yari umuganga Antiyokiya, ari na ho yamenyaniye na Pawulo Intumwa ndetse bakaba inshuti zikomeye. yaherekeje Pawulo mu ngendo ze zose za gitumwa, nyuma aza no kumuherekeza i Roma. Pawulo Intumwa na we kenshi mu nyandiko ze yakunze kuvuga inshuti ye Luka. Hari aho agira ati: “arabatashya Luka umuganga dukunda”. Na none akongera ati : “ Luka ni we wenyine tukiri kumwe”. Ikindi kizwi rero ni uko Luka yabaye umutagatifu wakunzwe n’abantu cyane. Bavuga ko kuva na mbere yashikiranaga n’abantu cyane kandi akagira ubupfura n’imico myiza. Ibyo bigaragarira no mu nyandiko ze ko yakundaga abantu kandi akagirira n’impuhwe abakene.

Luka ni we dukesha “Ndakuramutsa Mariya”, “indirimbo ya Bikira Mariya”, ( Magnificat), “indirimbo ya Zakariya” ( Benedictus) n’ “indirimbo ya Simewoni” (Nunc dimittis.) Luka atugezaho kandi byinshi byerekeye Yezu ndetse n’ivuka rye. Mariya nyina wa Yezu afite umwanya urambuye mu byerekeye ivuka n’ubuto bwa Yezu kuko ari we ubwe wabimwibwiriye. Kuba Luka yaramenyanye na Bikira Mariya ni cyo cyatumye bavuga ko Luka ari we wa mbere washushanyije ishusho ya Bikira Mariya.

Umwe mu banditsi bo mu kinyejana cya II yanditse kuri mutagatifu Luka. Nuko mu gusoza yandika agira ati: “yakoreye Nyagasani ubudahwema, yigomwa urushako n’urubyaro, ageza ubwo yitaba umuremyi afite imyaka 84, akimurikiwe na Roho mutagatifu.” Nyuma y’urupfu rwa Pawulo Mutagatifu, Luka na we yaba yaragiye kwigisha Mu Butaliyani no mu turere two hafi aho, no muri Bitiniya. Ntibazi neza iby’urupfu rwe. 

Hari abakeka ko yaguye mu Bugereki amaze kwigisha amahanga. Bamwe ndetse bavuga ko yabaye umumaritiri. Ni umurinzi w’abaganga n’abahanga mu gushushanya. Twizihiza Mutagatifu Luka ku itariki 18 Ukwakira.

(Byakusanyijwe na padiri Theophile TWAGIRAYEZU, diocese Byumba. Ku yandi makuru ku nyandiko twakusanyije ku mibereho y'abatagatifu bariza kuri tel: 0782889963/ 0722889963, ubunyamabanga bwa SPES MEA)

Mutagatifu Kalisiti, umwe mu basimbura ba Petero

… Privatusi abonye ibyo bibaye atera hejuru, ati : «ni byo koko, Imana ya Kalisiti ni yo Mana y’ukuri na ho ibigirwamana bizajugunywa mu muriro, kandi Kristu azategeka ubuziraherezo!» ... yategetse ko bazirika ikibuye kinini ku ijosi rya Papa Kalisiti, bakamujunya mu kizenga cy’amazi cyari iruhande rw’inzu, bamunyujije mu idirishya. 

 Mu buto bwe nta wakekaga ko Kalisiti yazaba umwe mu basimbura ba mutagatifu Petero i Roma. Kalisiti yavutse ku babyeyi baciye bugufi bari abashumba b’amatungo i Roma. Amaze gukura na we yabaye umushumba w’amatungo y’umworozi w’umuromani witwaga Karpofori. Imirimo yamubanye myinshi amatungo arakena. nuko kubera gutinya uburakari bwa shebuja ahitamo guhunga. Nyuma shebuja yaramufashe arafungwa ategekwa gukora imirimo ivunanye cyane y’agahato. yahahuriye n’imfungwa z’abakristu maze bamufasha cyane kurushaho kwitagatifuza. Aho arekuriwe yagiye i Roma asaba kwiyegurira Imana.

Hashize igihe yahawe umurimo wo gutunganya neza irimbi rinini cyane rigenewe gushyingurwamo abakristu bahorwa Imana, kandi ari na ko akomeza gukora n’indi mirimo ya Kiliziya. Papa Zefirini aho atabarukiye Kalisiti ni we watorewe kumusimbura ku ntebe y’ubuyobozi bukuru bwa Kiliziya. Yayoboye Kiliziya imyaka 5 ayiyobora ariko mu gihe gikomeye cyane yibasiwe n’abayitotezaga. Icyo gihe arwanira Kiliziya ishyaka arwanya bikomeye aboshyaga abandi guhakana amahame y’Ivanjili cyane cyane abahakanaga Ubutatu Butagatifu. Yafashije abakristu bafatwaga abakomeza mu kwemera, abahowe Imana na bo bagahambwa  mu cyubahiro kibakwiriye. Ibyo byose kandi yabikoraga adatinya ko na we yafatwa akagirirwa nabi.

Ku ngoma ye ni ho hatangijwe kubaka za kiliziya abakirisitu basengeragamo, zaje gusenywa mu bihe by’itotezwa ryakurikiyeho. Ni we wacukurishije irimbi riri mu nsi y’ubutaka ku muhanda witwa uwa Appia. Iryo rimbi rikaba ryaramwitiriwe. Iryo rimbi rikaba ririmo imva z’abatagatifu nka Sesiliya, abapapa, amashusho n’ibindi bimenyetso byinshi bihamya ukwemera kwa Kiliziya y’ubu bihuje n’uko akirisitu ba mbere bemeraga.

Mu gihe cye abapagani benshi bemeye Imana. Igihe cy’itotezwa kigarutse, yahungiye mu nzu kwa Ponsiyani ari kumwe n’abapadiri 10. Iyo nzu yahise igotwa n’abasirikare bari bahawe itegeko ryo kubuza icyitwa ikiribwa cyose kwinjira muri urwo rugo. Icyo gihe Papa Kalisiti yamaze iminsi ine atarya, ariko ukwigomwa n’amasengesho biramukomeza. Icyo gihe, guverineri yakabije ubugome, ategeka ko buri gitondo Papa akubitwa ibiboko, kandi atanga n’itegeko ryo kwica umuntu wese uzaza muri urwo rugo nijoro.

Icyo gihe, mu basirikare barindaga Papa Kalisiti wari ufungiwe aho, hari uwitwaga Privatusi wari ufite igisebe gikabije, asaba Papa Kalisiti kumukiza, nuko Kalisiti aramubwira ati « niba wemera Yezu Krisitu n’umutima wawe wose, ugahabwa batisimu mu izina ry’Ubutatu Butagatifu uzakira ». Nuko umusirikare arasubiza ati: «ndemera, ndashaka kubatizwa, kandi ndemera ntashidikanya ko Imana izankiza.»

Nyuma yo kubatizwa cya gisebe cy’umufunzo cyahise kizimira ntihasigara n’inkovu. Privatusi abonye ibyo bibaye gutyo atera hejuru aravuga ati : «ni byo koko, Imana ya Kalisiti ni yo Mana y’ukuri na ho ibigirwamana bizajugunywa mu muriro, kandi Kristu azategeka ubuziraherezo!» nuko guverineri abimenye ategeka ko bakubita uwo mukiristu mushya Privatusi kugeza igihe apfiriye. Nyuma yaho yategetse ko bazirika ikibuye kinini ku ijosi rya Papa Kalisiti, bakamujunya mu kizenga cy’amazi cyari iruhande rw’inzu, bamunyujije mu idirishya. Ngurwo urupfu yapfuye. Byari ahagana mu mwaka wa 222. Yapfiriye i Roma. Twizihiza mutagatifu Kalisiti ku itariki 14 Ukwakira.

(Byakusanyijwe na padiri Theophile TWAGIRAYEZU, diocese Byumba. Ku yandi makuru ku nyandiko twakusanyije ku mibereho y'abatagatifu bariza kuri tel: 0782889963/ 0722889963).

Mutagatifu Tereza Wa Avila ni muntu ki?

Bakunda kumwita umuganduzi wa Karumeli, kuko urugero rwe rwakurikijwe n’ababikira benshi. Yanditse ibitabo byinshi bituma ashyirwa mu «barimu ba Kiliziya».

Tereza Sanchez wa Cepeda Ahumeda yavukiye muri Hispaniya mu ntara ya Kastiye, ahitwa Avila, kuya 28 Werurwe 1515. Tereza yavutse ku babyeyi bafite ukwemera gukomeye. Nuko kuva akiri muto bamutoza gusoma imibereho y’abatagatifu. Akiri muto kandi yifuje kuba umumaritiri. Ibyo byamuteye ishyaka ryo gushaka kujya gupfira Imana. Bavuga ko afite imyaka irindwi we na musaza we bakurikirana bigeze gutoroka iwabo ngo bashaka na bo kujya gupfira Imana mu gihugu cy’ abarabu. Bagaruriwe mu nzira na se wabo.

Tereza yakundaga Bikira Mariya cyane ku buryo buri munsi yavugaga ishapule. Amaze imyaka 12 yapfushije nyina. Nuko aragenda apfukama imbere y’ishusho ya Bikira Mariya yari iwabo, amusaba kwemera kumubera Nyina, nuko Tereza amusezeranya kuzamubera umwana mwiza. Amaze kugira imyaka 14, yatangiye gutwarwa n’amarari y’iby’isi, maze yibagirwa kwita ku isengesho. Yaranditse ati : « natangiye kwambara neza no kwiyitaho kugira ngo ngaragare cyane. Ibiganza byanjye n’imisatsi yanjye nabyitagaho cyane kandi n’imibavu yanjye nkayitaho… »

Tereza avuga ko mubyara we w’umukobwa ari we wari watangiye gutuma araruka akohoka ku byaha bimujyana kure y’Imana. Ariko Tereza yanditse avuga ko yangaga ibikorwa by’ibiterasoni. Ise amaze kubona ko Tereza azakoza isoni umuryango we, yamwohereje mu kigo cy’ababikira ba Bikira Mariya ugaba inema ahitwa Avila mu w’1531. Tereza byaramugoye kuba ahantu adakora ibyo yishakiye. Yahamaze umwaka umwe kandi ntiyashakaga kuba umubikira. Hashize iminsi mike ararwara araremba. Bamusubiza kwa se. Amaze koroherwa, se yamujyanye kwa mukuru wa Tereza witwaga Mariya.

Tereza yafashe umwanya wo kubitekerezaho, nyuma aza kubwira se ko ashaka kwiha Imana. Se yarabyanze avuga ko igihe cyose akiri ku isi atazigera abyemera. Mu w’1533, Tereza yabifashijwemo n’umwe muri basaza be ahungira mu kigo cy’ababikira kiri i Avila. Yakoze amasezerano ya mbere tariki 3 Ugushyingo 1534, Mu muryango wa Bikira Mariya Umwamikazi wa Karmeli. Amaze gukora amasezerano yo kwiyegurira Imana, yamaze imyaka igera kuri makumyabiri asukurwa n’ibigeragezo by’amoko anyuranye kandi bikomeye: indwara, gushakashaka Imana akumva imuri kure, kunanirwa gusenga,… Kuko Yezu yashakaga kumusukura wese wese by’umwihariko. Yashakaga kandi ko aganira n’Imana by’umwihariko.

Kuva icyo gihe Tereza yumvise aturije mu Mana rwose, umutima we waratwawe n’Imana gusa, agakunda ibiremwa kubera Imana gusa. Urukundo yari afitiye Imana rwatumye ahinyura amategeko y’urwo rugo kuko bari barayadohoye cyane. Urugero rwe rwakurikijwe n’ababikira benshi. Ni cyo gituma Tereza bakunda kumwita umuganduzi wa Karmeli. Nyamara yakundaga kurwara kenshi kandi yari n’umunyamagara make. Yari n’umunyabwenge cyane. Yanditse ibitabo byinshi kandi byigisha cyane bituma ashyirwa mu « barimu ba Kiliziya ». Yagishwaga inama n’abantu benshi.

Umuyobozi we mu by’Imana yari Mutagatifu Yohani w’Umusaraba. Bavuga ko habaga ubwo baganiraga maze abandi bakababona bombi basa n’ababonekewe, bari mu kirere gusa ntahuriro n’ubutaka. Tereza yitabye Imana ku itariki ya 15 Ukwakira 1582 afite imyaka 67. Ni Papa Gerigori XV wamwanditse mu gitabo cy’abatagatifu mu w’1622. Twizihiza mutagatifu Tereza ku itariki 15 Ukwakira.

(Byakusanyijwe na padiri Theophile TWAGIRAYEZU, diocese Byumba. Ku yandi makuru ku nyandiko twakusanyije ku mibereho y'abatagatifu bariza kuri tel: 0782889963/ 0722889963).

Inyubako za Kiliziya Gatolika 812 zo gusengeramo zirafunze

 

Paruwasi ya Mukarange, muri diyosezi ya Kibungo
iri muri paruwasi zafunzwe

… Amaparuwasi 47, amasantarali 474 n’amasikirisale 279 ntibyemerewe gusengerwamo. Diyosezi ya Kibungo niyo yiganjemo umubare munini w’inyubako zifunze. Menya uko muri buri diyosezi byifashe…

Inyubako za Kiliziya Gatolika mu Rwanda zigera kuri 812 zirafunze kubera kutuzuza ibisabwa ngo zikomeze gusengerwamo. Igikorwa cyo gufunga inyubako zitandukanye zisengerwamo cyakozwe ku bufatanye bw’inzego zitandukanye, zirimo urwego rw'igihugu rushinzwe imiyoborere (RGB), inzego z'ibanze na polisi.

Mu nyubako za Kliziya Gatolika zifunze, harimo amaparuwasi 47 kuri 231 y’amadiyosezi yose icyenda. Harimo kandi amasantarali 474 kuri 943, na succursale 279 ku 2031 zagenzuwe. Izindi nyubako zafunzwe ni shapeli zose za Diyosezi ya Gikongoro uko ari 12.

Amaparuwasi 47 arafunze

Mu maparuwasi 231 agize Kiliziya Gatolika mu Rwanda, 47 arafunze. Diyosezi ya Kibungo niyo ifite umubare mwinshi wa amaparuwasi afunze, 14 kuri 22. Ikurikirwa na Diyosezi ya Byumba ifite amaparuwasi 11 kuri 25. Ku mwanya wa nyuma, umwanya ukwiye guharanirwa, hakaba Diyosezi ya Nyundo na Diyosezi ya Ruhengeri na Cyangugu zidafite paruwasi n’imwe ifunze.

Amasantarali 474 arafunze

Ku rwego rwa Santarali, Kiliziya Gatolika ifite izigera kuri 944, izitemerewe gusengerwamo ni 474. Diyosezi ya Kibungo niyo ifite amasantarali menshi afunze, kuko mu 101, hafunzemo 97 yose. Iyikurikira ni diyosezi ya Byumba; ifite amasantarali 109, 84 muri ayo akaba atemerewe gusengerwamo. Diyosezi ya Nyundo ikaza ku mwanya wanyuma kuko ifite amasantarali 42 afunze, mu 136 agize iyi diyosezi. Bivuze ko ari iyo ifite umubare muto w’amasantarali atemerewe gusengerwamo.

Amasikirisale 279 arafunze

Mu gihugu hose, habarwa amasikirisale 2031 agize amadiyosezi 8, hatarimo Diyosezi ya Gikongoro. Atemerewe gusengerwamo ni 279, amenshi akaba yiganje muri Diyosezi ya Kibungo n’iya Butare, aho nta sikirisale n’imwe yemerewe gusengerwamo muri 59 agize Kibungo. Butare yo igira sikirisali imwe, ikaba ifunze.

Shapeli 12 zirafunze

Inkomo y’amakuru igaragaza ko Shapeli zifunze zose ari iza Diyosezi Gatolika ya Gikongoro. Iyi diyosezi ikaba ifite Shapeli 12 zose zikaba zifunze.

Mbere yo kongera gusengera muri izi nyubako, hasabwa kubanza kuzuza ibiteganywa n’amategeko kugira ngo abahasengera bagire umutekano kandi basengere ahantu hadashyira ubuzima bwabo mu kaga.

Mutagatifu Rafayeli, uzana amahoro mu mibano y’abantu

Muri aka gace k’inyandiko ya Padiri Emmanuel TWAGIRAYEZU, tursangamo byinshi kuri Malayika Mukuru Rafayeli:  Malayika mukuru Rafayeli na Tobi, Mutagatifu Rafayeli, uhashya roho mbi zisenya ingo, Mutagatifu Rafayeli, uzana amahoro mu mibano y’abantu, Inshingano za mutagatifu Rafayeli n’umwanzuro ku Bamalayika Bakuru: Rafayeli, Mikayeli na Gaburiyeli.

Malayika Mukuru Rafayeli

Intangiriro

Izina rya Rafayeli, rigenda ryibagirana gahoro gahoro mu mazina ya gikisitu. Nyamara mutagatifu Rafayeli, ni umwe mu bamalayika batatu bakuru Kiliziya yubaha, ihimbaza kandi ikabiyambaza. Umunsi mukuru we uba taliki ya 29 Nzeri ari nabwo duhimbaza abatagatifu Mikayeli na Gaburiyeli.

Mutagatifu Rafayeli yubahwa nk’umumalayika mukuru uhagarariye abandi ba malayika bagendana n’abantu mu nzira zose zo muri iyi si. Agaragara muri Bibiliya mu Gitabo cya Tobi. Icyo gitabo, gishobora kuba cyaranditswe mu rurimi rw’igihebureyi cyangwa se rw’icy’arameya. Ariko ku buryo bwuzuye tugisanga mu byahinduwe mu kigereki muri ya nyandiko yitwa Ba Mirongwirindwi (Les Septentes). Kiri no mu bitabo byavumbuwe mu buvumo bw’i Qumran twavuze haruguru. Ibyo bikaba ari icyemezo ko Igitabo cya Tobi ari kimwe mu bitabo bamwe mu bayahudi bakoreshaga mbere y’ukuza kwa Yezu. Umugambi w’icyo gitabo cyanditswe ahagana mu kinyejana cya gatatu mbere ya Kristu ni uyu ukurikira : ibyago abantu bahura nabyo muri iyi si, bikomoka ku ishyari rya Sekibi. Nyamara bishobora kuba n’uburyo Imana yifashisha kugira ngo igerageze ukwemera kwabo. Amaherezo iyo Mana igororera abeza, ababi nabo bagahanwa.

Kugira ngo umwanditsi w’icyo gitabo agere ku mugambi we, yifashisha imibereho y’abantu bo mu ngo cyangwa imiryango ibiri y’Abayahudi bari zarajyanywe bunyago. Urugo rumwe rwari rwaratujwe muri Ashuru, urundi rutuzwa mu gihugu cy’Abamedi. Izo ngo zari zifitanye isano ya hafi ariko zose zaragiye zihura n’ibibazo bitoroshye nyamara ntizitezuka mu kwemera. Malayika Rafayeli yagize uruhare rukomeye cyane mu kubakemurira ibibazo no kubahumuriza. Amaze kugera ku mugambi we, ni bwo yahishuye izina rye. Yivuga agira ati “Ndi Rafayeli, umwe muri ba bamalayika barindwi bahora imbere ya Nyagasani, bakamwegera aho ari mu ikuzo rye” (Tobi 12,16).

Umuntu wese ushaka kumva ibya malayika Rafayeli n’ubutumwa ashinzwe, agomba guhera ku byo dusanga mu gitabo cya Tobi nyine ariko hari n’ibindi bitabo bimuvuga. Muri byo, hari nk’Igitabo cya Henoki Intungane. Muri iki gitabo, Rafayeli afatwa nk’intwari mu rugamba rwo kurwanya roho mbi yitwa Azazel. Na none Rafayeli azwi ho kuba umumalayika mukuru uyobora roho z’abantu kandi agakiza uburwayi n’ibikomere byose, byaba ibya roho cyangwa se iby’umubiri, mwene muntu ashobora guhura na byo.

Muri make, haba mu Gitabo cya Tobi, cyangwa se mu bindi bitabo byo mu gihe cy’Isezerano rya Kera ariko bitemewe ku rutonde rw’ibyahumetswe, icyo bashaka kutubwira ni kimwe : Imana yita kuri mwene muntu muri byose. Malayika Rafayeli akaba ari we ubigaragaraza. Bityo rero, kwizera Imana muri byose ni ngombwa, kuko amaherezo ni yo itsinda. Nta na rimwe itererana abayizeye. Turi bubone uburyo mu ruhererekane rwa Kiliziya – cyane cyane mu mibereho y’abatagatifu –, mutagatifu Rafayeli yagiye abigaragaza.

 Malayika mukuru Rafayeli na Tobi

Ishusho ya Tobi ari kumwe na
 Malayika Rafayeli

“Izina ni ryo muntu”

Izina Rafayeli, ryari izina risanzwe rizwi muri Israheli. Mu Gitabo cy’Amateka ( 1 Matek 26,7) batubwira ko Rafayeli mwene Shemaya, yari umwe mu baleviti b’abanyanzugi. Kuba iryo zina ryari risanzwe ntibitangaje kuko ijambo Ra-pha-el, risobanurwa ngo “Imana yarakijije”, cyangwa se “Imana irakiza”. Iryo jambo rishobora no gusobanura ngo “Umuti w’Imana”. Ni rimwe mu mazina ababyeyi bashoboraga kwita abana babo ku buryo busanzwe.

Mutagatifu Rafayeli, uhashya roho mbi zisenya ingo

Imwe mu nshingano za mutagatifu Rafayeli, ni ugushyigikira ingo z’abakunda Imana. Ibyo yabigaragaje ubwo yabohoraga Sara wari wararitswemo na roho mbi yitwa Asimode ikamubuza gushaka.

Dore uko byagenze. Abo basore bombi bafashe urugendo, bageze ku ruzi rwa Tigiri, Tobi ajya koga ibirenge. Agezeyo, igifi nyamunini gishaka kumumira bunguri, ariko uwo mumalayika amusaba kugifata no kugisatura akagikuramo agasabo, umutima n’umwijima. Uwo mumalayika yasobanuriye Tobi ko izo ngingo ari umuti w’ingirakamaro ati : Umutima n’umwijima by’ifi, iyo ubyokereje ahantu hari umuntu, yaba umugabo, yaba umugore, wahanzweho na Sekibi cyangwa se indi roho mbi, nta bundi zongera kumutera, kandi zinamuvamo burundu. Naho agasabo, iyo ugasigishije mu mboni z’ufite ibihu mu maso, hanyuma ukabihuha, ahita akira (Tobi 6,4. 8-9).

Ibyo malayika Rafayeli yabimubwiraga ateganya ko Tobi ari burongore Sara, umukobwa wa Raguweli wari utuwemo na roho mbi y’igikongoti yitwa Asimode. Iyo roho mbi yicaga abagabo bose bashakaga kwegera uwo mwari. Bageze kwa Raguweli, malayika Rafayeli ahumuriza Tobi, yemera kurongora Sara.

Bamaze kurya no kunywa, bumva barashaka kuryama. Ni ko kuzana wa musore, bamwinjiza mu cyumba. Akihagera Tobi yibuka ya magambo Rafayeli yamubwiye. Nuko akora mu ruhago rwe, akuramo umwijima w’ifi hamwe n’umutima, abishyira ku cyotezo ; maze umunuko w’ifi uturumbanya ya roho mbi, ihungira mu Misiri. Ako kanya, Rafayeli ahita ayikurikirayo, arayiburabuza, arayihabohera (Tobi 8,1-3). Mu gihe malayika yariho ahungeta iyo roho mbi, Tobi yabonye uburyo bwo kwegera Sara, barangiza imirimo y’abashakanye Tobi adapfuye.

Mutagatifu Rafayeli, uzana amahoro mu mibano y’abantu

Malayika Rafayeli ntiyagarukiye ku gukiza Sara no gushyingira Tobi gusa. Ahubwo yiyemeje gukemura ibibazo byose umuryango wa Tobiti, uwa Raguweli n’uwa Gabayeli bari bafite, agarura amahoro muri bose, ashoje umurimo we, abona guhishura izina rye no gusubira ku wa mutumye.

Koko rero, mu gihe Tobi yariho asenga kandi asaba umugisha mu rugo rushya yari agiye gutangira, malayika Rafayeli we yagiye gushaka ya mari ya se wa Tobi i Ragesi kwa Gabayeli no kumutumira mu bukwe bwa Tobi. Byose bigenda neza. Ibyo birangiye, Tobi agaruka kwa se, ari kumwe n’umugore we Sara na Rafayeli wari wamuherekeje. Ageze iwabo, akoresha agasabo ka ya fi akiza ubuhumyi bwa se. Abantu bose baratangara kandi basingiza Imana. Malayika abahishurira uwo ari we. Bakimara kumenya ko ari we Rafayeli umwe mu bamalayika barindwi bahora imbere ya Nyagasani, bose barakangarana, bagwa bubitse uruhanga ku butaka maze ubwoba burabataha.

Ariko Rafayeli arababwira ati ‘Mwigira ubwoba ! Nimugire amahoro ! Nimusingize Imana ubuziraherezo. Ubundi twabanaga mutabisheka ubugwa neza bwanjye, ahubwo ni Imana ubwayo yabyishakiye. Murajye muyisingiza, iteka muhore muyiririmba. Mwarandebaga mukagira ngo ndarya, nyamara mwaribeshyaga. None rero, nimusingize Nyagasani kuri iyi si, mushimagize Imana. Dore jyewe nsubiye ku Uwanyohereje ; namwe muzandike ibyababyeho byose’. Nuko arazamuka. Bo rero, ngo bunamuke ntibongera kumubona (Tobi 12, 16-22).

Icyo gitabo gisoza kitubwira uburyo amahoro yatashye muri iyo miryango yose n’ukuntu Tobi amaze gushyingura ababyeyi be bombi, yimukiye mu Bumedi, agatura hamwe na sebukwe Raguweli. Amaze gushyingura sebukwe na nyirabukwe, na we apfira mu mahoro kandi asingiza Imana.

Uwasona iki gitabo atamenyereye imikorere y’Imana yacu, yagira ngo ibyo kwa Tobi na Raguweli ni umugani. Nyamara ubuzima bw’abatagatifu n’ubuhamya bwa benshi mu bagiye biyambaza malayika Rafayeli, bitwereka koko ko “Abatabizi bicwa no kutabimenya”. Kwisunga malayika Rafayeli si uguta igihe, ahubwo ni bumwe mu buryo bwo kwerekana ko Imana yacu ikiza koko.

Inshingano za mutagatifu Rafayeli : kuba “umuti w’Imana” n’umusangira-ngendo wacu

Uko amasekuruza yagiye asimburana, mutagatifu Rafayeli yagiye agira uburyo agaragaza ubushobozi bw’Imana y’inyampuhwe. Abatagatifu benshi bemeza ko malayika mukuru Rafayeli afite inshingano ikurikira : kurwanya ikibi cyose gishobora kubangamira mwene muntu no kumugezaho umukiro w’Imana. Ibyo tubisanga mu gisobanuro cy’izina rye. Nk’uko twabibonye “rapha” isobanura ngo “arakiza”, naho “El” bikavuga Imana. Uwo mumalayika ntashinzwe kuyobora abagenzi gusa. Ni na muganga w’abahanganye n’uburwayi n’ibindi byago byose bibangamira ubuzima bwacu muri iyi si. Byaba ibijyanye n’ubuzima bw’umubiri cyangwa se ibijyanye n’ubuzima bwa roho .

Umwanzuro ku Bamalayika Bakuru

Mu bushishozi bwayo, Kiliziya yacu iratubwira iti “Aho kugumya gushakisha amazina y’abamalayika bakuru, abakristu ni bemere kandi bisunge abo dusanga muri Bibiliya Ntagatifu honyine”.

Uwa mbere muri, bo ni malayika mukuru Mikayeli. Bisobanura ngo “Ni nde uhwanye n’Imana”. Yiyambazwa nk’umugaba mukuru w’ingabo zo mu ijuru kandi akaba n’umugenga wa Kiliziya. Ni we usohoza roho ku Mana kandi akanazivuganira.

Uwa kabiri, ni Gaburiyeli utwereka ko Imana yacu, yo yakoze ibikomeye mu gihe cyahise, n’uyu munsi ibishobora mu buzima bwa buri wese. Ubutumwa bukomeye bwose ni we ubushingwa. Yerekana kandi ko muntu yizewe imbere y’Imana, ku buryo ahamagarirwa kuyifasha gucungura isi. Ibyo bigashobozwa n’uko Imana iha ubutumwa abamalayika bayo bwo kurinda abantu aho bari hose ; kwita ku buzima bw’umubiri ariko cyane cyane ubwa roho. Dore ko inshingano y’ibanze z’ubu buzima ari ukunga ubumwe n’Imana muri Yezu Kristu ku bwa Roho Mutagatifu.

Uhagarariye abo bagenzi bacu b’indahemuka, ni malayika mukuru Rafayeli. Imikorere ye igaragarira mu gitabo cya Tobi, yerekana ko ari nta kintu na kimwe cya mwene muntu cyihishe Imana. Muri uwo murongo, mwene muntu aho gukurwa umutima n’ibikubara byo muri iyi si, akwiye kurushaho kwizera imbaraga n’ubushobozi by’Imana. Tuzi ko iyo Mana yacu idashobora kudutererana. Abamalayika barinzi babereyeho kubitwereka no kubitwemeza.

Kiliziya ihimba abamalayika bakuru; Mikayeli, Gaburiyeli na Rafayeli, kuwa 29 Nzeri.

(Padiri Emmanuel TWAGIRAYEZU ni umusaseridoti wa  diyosezi ya Nyundo)

Iby'ingenzi kuri Mutagatifu Gaburiyeli, Malayika Mukuru

Inyandiko ya Padiri Emmanuel TWAGIRAYEZU, iraduhishurira byinshi kuri Mutagatifu Gaburiyeli,“Malayika Mukuru”. Turasobanukirwa n’izina “Gaburiyeli” nk’“Imana ikomeye”, ndetse n’izina “Gaburiyeli” nk’ “Umuntu w’Imana”.

Intangiriro

Mu bamalayika bakuru, nyuma ya mutagatifu Mikayeli, uvugwa cyane muri Bibiliya no mu ruhererekane rw’ubuyoboke, ni mutagatifu Gaburiyeli. Yubahwa nk’umuyobozi w’abamalayika Imana yohereza mu butumwa. Ubwamamare bwa mutagatifu Gaburiyeli, tubusanga no muri amwe n’amwe mu yandi madini. Urugero : Abayahudi bemeza ko Gaburiyeli yari mu bamalayika bashyinguye Musa (Isub 34,6), agashwanyaguza intwaro za Senakeribu umwami w’abanyashuru, kandi akarimbagura ingabo ze (Amat 32,21). Bahereye ku Gitabo cya Henoki, bemeza ko Gaburiyeli ari umwe mu bamalayika bakuru bane bashinzwe kurinda impande enye z’isi. Abo ni Mikayeli, Gaburiyeli, Rafayeli na Uriyeli.

Izina “Gaburiyeli” cyangwa “Imana ikomeye”

Ibyemeza ubuhangange bwa malayika Gaburiyeli, ni icyo izina rye risobanura n’ubutumwa yagiye aragizwa n’Imana mu nsi. Izina Gaburiyeli rigizwe n’amagambo abiri y’igihebureyi, ariyo “Gabri” na “El”. Ariko, hari n’abandi bahera kuri ayo magambo, bakayandika ku bundi buryo bakabonamo ikindi gisobanuro. Ijambo baheraho ni izina “Illugabri” rikoreshwa cyane muri rumwe mu ndimi z’abasemiti ariko rifite igisobanuro kimwe nk’icyo mu gihebureyi. Bityo rero izina Gaburiyeli rigashobora kugira ibisobanuro bibiri bitandukanye ariko bitavuguruzanya. Koko rero, mu gihe Gabri-el bivuga ngo “Imana irakomeye”, Illugabri bisobanura “Umuntu w’Imana”. Reka duhere kuri “Gabri-el”.

Tugendeye ku ijambo Gabri-el, icya mbere tubonamo ni Imana ubwayo. Koko rero, ijambo “El” mu gihebureyi, ni incamake ya “Elohim”. Elohim na ryo rikaba ari ubwinshi bw’ijambo Eloah bivuga Imana. Ijambo Elohim, ni ryo ryakomotseho Allah ururimi rw’icyarabu rukoresha rushaka kuvuga Imana. Elohim rero, ni ijambo risobanura Imana muri rusange, cyangwa se Imana mu cyubahiro cyayo. Niyo mpamvu rikoreshwa mu bwinshi. Ni ubwinshi bw’icyubahiro byo kwemeza ko Imana yikubiyemo ubumana bwose kandi ikagira na kamere yihariye itandukanye n’iy’ibiremwa byose. Muri Bibiliya y’igihebureyi, ijambo Elohim rigaragaramo incuro 2570. Ni ryo zina rikoreshwa cyane iyo bashaka kuvuga Imana. “Gabri” ryo risobanura imbaraga. Muri uwo murongo rero, Gaburiyeli bigasobanurwa ngo “Imana ikomeye” ; “Imana nyirububasha”. Ni ukuvuga Imana ifite imbaraga ku buryo ari nta muntu cyangwa se ikintu na kimwe cyayihangara.

Nbitangaje kuba malayika Gaburiyeli yarigaragaje cyane mu gihe cy’amage akomeye y’umuryango wa Israheli. Ndashaka kuvuga igihe cy’itotezwa ry’Abamakabe cyangwa se mu gihe cy’ukwigira umuntu kwa Jambo w’Imana. Yabaga aje gukomeza abihebye, kwibutsa isezerano ry’Imana no gushishikariza bose kurikomeraho. Twabonye ko hari abemeza ko ari malayika Gaburiyeli waje kuba hafi ya Yezu mu gihe cy’isoza ry’ubuzima bwe muri iyi si. Ibyo na byo byakumvikana. Koko rero, Yezu yari ageze aho kubira ibyuya by’amaraso. Muri uwo murongo, mutagatifu Gaburiyeli yaje kumuba hafi kugira ngo umugambi wo gucungura bene muntu awusoze kabone n’ubwo mu maso ya benshi, ubutumwa bwe bwasaga nk’uburangiriye aharindimuka.

Ni byo koko, urebesheje amaso y’isi, ntibyoroshye kwemeza ko Uwarangirije ubutumwa bwe ku musaraba yambaye ubusa, ari we wabaye umucunguzi w’isi. Aho rero ni ho Imana yacu ibera igitangaza. Imbaraga zayo izigaragaza ku buryo bwinshi ari ko cyane cyane mu bwiyoroshye no mu mpuhwe zayo zuje urukundo. “Nk’uko ijuru ryisumbuye cyane isi, uwo ni Nyagasani ubivuga, ni na ko inzira zanjye zisumbye kure izanyu, n’ibitekerezo byanjye bigasumba ibyanyu” (Is 55,9).

Mutagatifu Gaburiyeli – izo mbaraga z’Imana – adufashe kubyumva.

Izina “Gaburiyeli” cyangwa “Umuntu w’Imana”

Ushobora kumva igisobanuro cy’izina Gaburiyeli ugendeye ku ijambo “Illugebri” nk’uko twabibonye haruguru. Icyo gihe Gaburiyeli bisobanura “Umuntu w’Imana”. Mu gihebureyi, ijambo “Gheber” risobanura umugabo. Akenshi muri Bibiliya, malayika Gaburiyeli agaragara afite isura y’umuntu w’umugabo . Muri uwo murongo, Gaburiyeli bishushanya “Umuntu w’Imana” cyangwa se “Umuntu wizewe n’Imana”. Kuba Imana imutuma mu gihe kidasanzwe kandi afite ubutumwa budasanzwe, bisobanura nyine ko ari mu bamalayika bizewe koko kandi bashobora kurangiza neza ubutumwa bashinzwe. Kuba yakwitwa umuntu na byo ntibitangaje. Yezu ubwe ntiyiyita “Umwana w’umuntu” ? Ahubwo nyine koko Gaburiyeli ni umuntu w’Imana ; uwo Imana iha ubutumwa yizeye ko azaburangiza. Kumusuzugura ni ugusuzugura uwamutumye.

Twabonye uko byagendekeye Zakariya ise wa Yohani Batisita, ubwo yari yihaye gushidikanya ku butumwa bwa malayika Gaburiyeli. Zakariya amaze kuba ikiragi,ubwoba butaha abaturanyi babo bose, n’abo mu misozi yo mu Yudeya, bakwiza hose ibyabaye. Ababyumvaga bose bakomezaga kubizirikana mu mitima, bibaza bati ‘Uyu mwana azamera ate, ko ububasha bwa Nyagasani buri kumwe na we ?’ (Lk 1,65-66).

Gaburiyeli mutagatifu wowe ugaragaza imbaraga z’Imana, udusabire!

(Padiri Emmanuel TWAGIRAYEZU ni umusaseridoti wa Diyosezi ya Nyundo)

Ibyo wamenya kuri Mutagatifu Mikayeli, Malayika Mukuru

Mikayeli ni umwe mu Bamalayika Bakuru, ese ijambo "Malayika Mukuru" rikomoka he? Ni iyihe mikorere ya Mutagatifu Mikayeli? Muri iyi nkuru urasobanukirwa kandi n'ijambo Mikayeli n'amateka yaryo.

I. INKOMOKO Y’IJAMBO “MALAYIKA MUKURU” 

Inyito “Malayika Mukuru” dusanga muri Bibiliya, ikoreshwa kabiri gusa muri icyo Gitabo Gitagatifu. « Ku kimenyetso gitanzwe n’umumalayika mukuru mu ijwi riranguruye, no ku mworomo w’impanda y’Imana, Nyagasani ubwe azamanuka mu ijuru. Nuko abapfuye bizeye Kristu babanze bazuke, hanyuma twebwe abazima, abazaba basigaye, duhite twererezwa hamwe na bo mu bicu, kugira ngo dusanganire Nyagasani mu kirere, bityo tuzabane na Nyagasani iteka ryose » (1 Tes 4,16-17).

Ahandi dusanga uwo mumalayika mukuru ni mu Ibaruwa ya Yuda. Iyo ntumwa yifashisha igitabo cyitwa icya Henoki, kugira ngo agaragaze ko ari ngombwa kubaha Imana n’abamalayika. Ati : Nyamara igihe Mikayeli, umumalayika mukuru, agiye impaka na Sekibi, basigana ku byerekeye umurambo wa Musa, ntiyatinyutse no  guhingutsa igitutsi ngo atuke Sekibi, ahubwo yaravuze ati ‘Imana izaguhane’ (Yuda 9).

Ese, abo bamalayika bakuru ni bangahe ? Bitwa ba nde ? Ku kibazo cya mbere, birumvikana ko abagaba b’abamalayika batabarika, kuko twabonye ko abamalayika ari ingabo zitagira ingano. Naho ku birebana n’amazina yabo, n’ubwo hari ibitabo usangamo urutonde rw’amazina y’abamalayika bakuru, hakaba n’amadini abigira intego nk’uko twabibonye haruguru, Kiliziya gatolika isaba abana bayo kugumana amazina atatu dusanga muri Bibiliya.

Na none idusaba kubaha ayo dusanga mu ruhererekane rw’iyobokamana rya kiyahudi. Ibindi byo, bizamo amaranga mutima, amatsiko, guhimba no kwifuza. Ndetse bishobora gukurura ubuyobe. Abo batatu, bafite amazina yihariye kandi asobanura icyo bashinzwe. Abo ni mutagatifu Rafayeli bisobanura ngo “Manirakiza”, “Imana ni yo muti” cyangwa se “Umuti w’Imana” (Tb 3,17 ; 12,14) ; undi ni mutagatifu Gaburiyeli, bivuga ngo “Intwari y’Imana” cyangwa “Umuntu w’Imana” (Dn 8,16 ; 9,21). Hakaba rero na mutagatifu Mikayeli, bisobanura ngo “Ni nde uhwanye n’Imana ?” (Dn 10,13.21). Mutagatifu Mikayeli rero ni we Gikomangoma cyo mu ijuru. Ni yo mpamvu ari we ukwiye guhabwa umwanya w’ibanze dore ko n’ubusanzwe yawuhawe na Rurema.

I. Mutagatifu Mikayeli: Ijambo n’amateka yaryo

Mikayeli, ni rimwe mu mazina abantu bakunda kwitwa. Mu rurimi rw’igihebureyi ari narwo ijambo Mikayeli rikomokaho, iryo zina ni interuro yose kandi ifite igisobanuro cyumvikana. Igizwe n’amagambo atatu : Mi-kha-el. Bivuga ngo “Ni nde uhwanye n’Imana ?” Mikhael ni ijambo ryomongana nk’icyivugo cy’ingabo ku rugamba. Muri Bibiliya duhura naryo incuro eshanu. Mikayeli yitwa “Umwe mu batware bakomeye” (Dn 10,13), kandi akaba n’“Umutware” wabo (Dn 10, 20-21). Ni “Umutware w’umuryango” w’Imana (Dn 12,1) akaba atyo “Mikayeli umumalayika mukuru” ugaragazwa nk’ “Umukuru w’abamalayika be” (Yuda 9). Impamvu y’ubukuru bwe, ni uko ahora yiteguye kurangiza ubutumwa yashinzwe n’Imana. Ni umugaba mukuru w’Ingabo zo mu ijuru, akaba ari we uyobora ibitero bigamije gutsinda cya Kiyoka cya kera na kare (Hish 12,7-8). Aho hose agaragara nk’umugaba mukuru mu rugamba rukomeye hagati ye na Sekibi. Mikayeli ni umurinzi wa Israheli n’uwa Kiliziya y’Imana. Amaherezo ni we uzatsinda Sekibi ari we Sekinyoma. Ni byo umutwe wa 12 wo mu Gitabo cy’Ibyahishuwe utubwira. 

II.1. Imikorere ya Mutagatifu Mikayeli 

II.2. Umurinzi wihariye w’umuryango w’Imana 

Imikorere ya Malayika mukuru Mikayeli dusanga muri Bibiliya, ijyana n’imvugo y’intambara. Uwa mbere utugezaho iryo zina, ni umwanditsi w’Igitabo cya Daniyeli. Uyu mwanditsi atwereka ko mutagatifu Mikayeli ari umurinzi ukomeye w’umuryango w’Imana. Igitabo cy’Ibyahishuwe cyo kirenga iyo myumvire igarukira kuri Israheli yonyine. Kikemeza ko mutagatifu Mikayeli afite inshingano imwe ikomeye. Iyo nshingano, ni iyo gushyirisha mu bikorwa umugambi w’Imana. Uwo mugambi w’Imana si undi wundi uretse icungurwa ry’isi yose, ariko cyane cyane mwene muntu. Isi izacungurwa burundu, igihe bene muntu bazumva ko amahoro yabo ari ukumvira no kubahiriza icyo Imana ibasaba. Mikayeli rero, ahora ahanganye na wawundi utifuza ko uwo mugambi w’Imana wubahirizwa. Uwo ubereyeho kurwanya umugambi w’Imana ni we witwa Sekibi cyangwa Shitani.  

II.3. Mutagatifu Mikayeli, umurinzi w’abarinzi  

Kuva kera kose, mutagatifu Mikayeli yiyambazwa nk’umunyabubasha. Ni umurinzi w’abarinzi b’abandi. Ni we urwanirira abantu mu rugamba bahanganye na Sekibi. Ni yo mpamvu ku mashusho menshi, bamushushanya nk’umurwanyi. Aba afite inkota cyangwa icumu, ariho yica Ikiyoka kiri munsi y’ikirenge cye.

Abandi bahanzi bamushushanya afite umunzani mu ntoki. Uwo munzani ushushanya ubutabera bw’Imana. Ni we urwanira abenda gupfa kandi akabaherekeza mu gihe cyo gutangira ubundi buzima. Nk’umurinzi wa paradiso (Intg 3, 24), ni we winjiza abacunguwe mu Ijuru. Abamwiyambaje muri iyi si, bashobora kwiringira imbaraga zo gutakambirwa na we. Afite umwanya w’ibanze muri liturujiya ya Kiliziya, ku buryo mbere y’Inama nkuru ya Kiliziya (Vatikani II), yavugwaga kenshi mu masengesho ya Missa. Ni we usohoza ibitambo by’abemera imbere y’Imana kandi akarwanya ubuyobe muri Kiliziya no mu nsi hose.  

Dore iryo sengesho rigenewe gutabaza mutagatifu Mikayeli 

“Mutagatifu Mikayeli, wowe mumalayika mukuru, turwaneho. Mu rugamba aho duhanganye n’ubugome n’ubucakura bw’Umushukanyi, tube hafi. Ndakwingize, dutakambire ngo Nyagasani abitegeke. Na we, Gikomangoma cy’Ingabo zo mu ijuru, koresha imbaraga zituruka ku Mana, maze wirukanire mu muriro utazima Shitani n’izindi roho mbi zose ziriho zizerera muri iyi si, zigamije koreka roho z’abantu. Amen”. (Byakuwe mu nyandiko ya Padiri Emmanuel TWAGIRAYEZU, umusaseridoti wa Diyosezi ya Nyundo).