Mutagatifu Beyata, Umubikira wahowe Imana (+274)

 

Nubwo yafunzwe, akageragezwa bikomeye, uwo mwali ntiyigeze yihakana ubukiristu. Yihanganiye byose kandi Nyagasani amukorera ibitangaza byo kumwamururaho abashakaga kumukoza isoni bose.

Mutagatifu Beyata ni umutagatifukazi ukunzwe cyane mu mujyi witwa Sensi (Sanceias) wo mu Bufaransa, mu karere ka Burugonye, ku buryo ndetse hari igice (quartier) cy’uwo mujyi cyitiriwe izina rye. Uwo mujyi wa Sensi wari umujyi ukomeye (Metropole) muri ubwo Bufaransa (Gaule) bw’icyo gihe. Beyata yari yariyeguriye Yezu Kristu, aramwirundurira wese, na roho ye n’umubiri we, ndetse amwiyegurira byuzuye, yemera kwicwa kubera kurwanirira ingoma ya Kristu. Icyo gihe mu biciwe hamwe na mutagatifu Beyata harimo umutagatifu witwaga Agusitini utari umwepisikopi wa Hipona, wa wundi dusanzwe tumenyereye, harimo kandi Kolomba, na Sankitiyanusi.

Aba bose, Beyata, Kolomba, Agusitini na Sankitiyanusi bari abakirisitu bavuye mu gihugu cya Hispaniya bahunze itotezwa ry’abakirisitu, bakaba bari barahungiye mu gihugu cy’abaturanyi cy’Ubufaransa, bibwira ko bazahabonera amahoro. Uyu Beyata yari inkumi, akaba na mushiki wa Sanktiyanusi. Bavuga ko aba bakirisitu bavukaga mu miryango ikomeye yo mu gihugu cya Hispaniya ariko ababyeyi babo bakaba bari abapagani. Bavuga ko aho i Sensi hari ikoraniro ry’abakirisitu ryari rikomeye cyane. Mutagatifu Beyata wari uzanye n’abo bagenzi be b’abanyahispaniya bifatanyije n’iryo koraniro, bakomeza kubaho ubuzima bugandukiye Nyagasani kandi Beyata na bagenzi be bakundaga gusengera muri Kiliziya eshatu zari muri uwo mujyi wa Sensi, wari warakolonijwe n’abanyaroma.

Hari umwami Awuleriyani wangaga abakirisitu cyane, akanabarwanya bikomeye. Yari yarabaye muri ako gace, yumva bavuga ibyerekeye ishyaka ry’abo bakirisitu bizihiye Nyagasani. Nuko yohereza abo kubafata, bakabajyana mu rukiko, kugira ngo bahatwe ibibazo n’umucamanza, baryozwe kuba ari abakriustu. Uwitwa Kolombe we bamuvanye mu bandi, bamushyira ku ruhande, bagira ngo umwami amwinginge, ahakane ukwemera gutunganye, hanyuma amushyingire umugaragu we yafataga nk’umuhungu we. Byarangiye Kolombe amutsembeye, na we bamwica urw’agashinyaguro mu mpera z’uwo mwaka. Nubwo yafunzwe, akageragezwa bikomeye, uwo mwali ntiyigeze yihakana ubukiristu. Yihanganiye byose kandi Nyagasani amukorera ibitangaza byo kumwamururaho abashakaga kumukoza isoni bose.

Mutagatifu Beyata, kimwe n’abandi bakirisitu, umuyobozi w’abanyaroma yamuhatiye kureka ubukirisitu no gusenga ibigirwamana ariko akomera ku Mana nzima n’ukwemera kwa gikristu. Babanje kumutegeka gusenga ikigirwamana cy’izuba, arabyanga, ntiyahemukira Imana y’ukuri, isumba izindi mana zose. Abo batagatifu batatu ; Beyata na musaza we Sanktiyanusi na Agusitini babasohoye mu mujyi wa Sensi, bageze nko muri metero 1500 mu majyaruguru yawo, babatsinda aho, babaciye imitwe. Hari mu mwaka wa 274. Aho hantu hiciwe abakirisitu bahita ku kibanza cy’abahowe Imana. Nyuma yo guhorwa Imana, abakirisitu barabubashye cyane bituma hejuru y’imva zabo ziherereye mu majyaruguru y’uburengerazuba bw’umujyi wa Sensi bahubakae kiliziya yabeguriwe. Iyo ngoro ya Nyagasani yasurwaga nk’ahantu hatagatifu, nyuma iza gusenywa n’abayisilamu bamaze kugera muri ako karere, mu mwaka wa 731.

Bavuga kandi ko nyuma yo gusenya iyo kiliziya yabitiriwe, aho ku mva hasigaye ka kiliziya gatoya (Chapelle) kitiriwe mutagatifu Beyata, kaje gusenyuka mu myaka y’1800. Mu mwaka wa 877, umwepiskopi witwa Ansejezi (Anségèse) yatinye ko abapagani bitwa aba normandi baza kwangiza imibiri y’abo batagatifu, nuko aza aho i Sensi, atwara mu cyubahiro gikomeye iyo mibiri mu rugo rw’abamonaki rwitiriwe mutagatifu Petero umunyembaraga. Kuwa 24 Kamena, yatwaye abatagatifu Sanktiyanusi na Agusitini, naho kuwa 29 Kamena atwara mutagatifu Beyata mu cyubahiro gikomeye. Mu gihe cyakurikiye impinduramatwara y’abafaransa mu 1789 abo batagatifu basubijwe muri Kiliziya nkuru (Cathedrale) mu mujyi wa Sensi. Twizihiza mutagatifu Beyata ku itariki 29 Kamena.

Izi nyandiko zagufasha kumenya byinshi kuri mutagatifu Beyata:

• DIX MILLE SAINTS, Dictionnaire hagiographique cyanditwe n’Ababenedigitini b’i Ramsgate. Ed.VI., Brepols,1991. P.83.
• https://nominis.cef.fr/contenus/saint/7398/Sainte-Beate.

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Nyura kuri buri umwe hasi aha, urabona amahuza (Links) akugeza ku nkuru zivuga ku batagatifu twanyujije kuri uru rubuga :

 Mutagatifu Alufonsi  ,   Mutagatifu Matilida  ,  Mutagatifu Jisela  ,  MutagatifuFransisko ,  Jilberitiumukuru w’abihayimana , Visenti Feriye ,

Intumwa z’Uruhanga Rutagatifu rwa Yezu « apôtre de la Sainte Face » (Abantu 7 baharaniye ko kwiyambaza Uruhanga rutagatifu bimenywa kandi bigakorwa uko bikwiye na bose),

Umurage w’intumwa z’impuhwe z’Imana ; (ibyo twasigiwe n’abatagatifu 7 bafatwa nk’intumwa z’impuhwe z’Imana « apôtre de la miséricorde ».

Isakapulari y’Abakarumeli, isoko y’amahoro mu byago (iyi nkuru iragufasha kumenya ubwoko 16 bw’amasakapulari).