Berenaridini w’i Siyene, Umusaseridoti

Mutagatifu Berenaridini

Berenaridini yavukiye mu Butaliyani, kuwa 8 Nzeri 1380. Yavutse ku munsi Bikira Mariya yavukiyeho, bituma aho akuriye akunda uwo Mubyeyi wacu. Yabaye imfubyi akiri muto; yapfushije nyina afite imyaka 3, naho ku myaka itanndatu na se arapfa. Yarerewe i Siyene kwa nyina wabo utaragiraga akana, maze akamukunda cyane. Bernaridini yakuranye imico myiza ya gikiristu, agakunda kwiga, gusenga no gushengerera isakramentu ritagatifu. No ku ishuri umwanya wo gukina ntiwarangiraga atanyarukiye mu kiliziya. Berenardini yari afite urukundo rw’ abakene ku buryo, umunsi umwe yabonye nyina wabo yanze guha umukene ifunguro na we aravuga ati: “gira icyo uha uriya mukene, na ho ubundi niba nta kintu abonye nanjye nta funguro mfata.” Berenardini ntiyishimiraga na gato amagambo adakwiye, ku buryo yamubabazaga cyane. Iyo abanyeshuri biganaga babaga bamubonye, baravugaga bati: “muceceke dore Berenardini araje.”

Amaze kuba umusore, Berenardini yahisemo kwiyegurira Imana mu muryango w’Abafransisikani. Igihe mu Butaliyani hateye indwara y’icyorezo, yitangiye kuvura abarwayi ubutaruhuka, adatinya ko bamwanduza, dore ko iyo ndwara yari yaramaze abantu cyane cyane abarwaza. Icyo gihe atangiye kuvura yari afite imyaka 17, ari umufureri. Bavuga ko Berenardini ku mubiri yari mwiza cyane bitangaje, ubwo bwiza bwe bw’umubiri ntiyabwitayeho, icyo yari ashyize imbere ni ubwiza bwa roho ye. Aho abereye umufaransisikani, abakuru be bamutegetse kujya ajya kwigisha muri za paruwasi nyinshi.  Berenardini yakomeje umurimo ukomeye wo kwamamaza Inkuru nziza, azenguruka igihugu yigisha abantu ngo bagarukire ukwemera. Icyo gihe benshi bari baradohotse mu bukristu kubera ibyago byinshi byari byarabazahaje kandi n’ Ubutaliyani bwari bumaze kugaruka cyane mu byishimo bya gipagani. Nuko bose bamutega amatwi bakunda inyigisho ze, abari barihebye bongera kwizera Imana. Uwo murimo yawukoze imyaka isaga 30.

Mu nyigisho ze yihatiraga kwigisha abantu ko ikibeshejeho abantu mu nsi atari ugushimisha umubiri wabo mbere na mbere, ko ahubwo ari ugukorera ijuru uko Imana ibishaka n’uko Kiliziya ibitwigisha. Ubutwari bwe, umwete we n’ishyaka rye by’iteka bituma ahindura abanyabyaha batagira ingano. No mu muryango wabo kandi yahabaye indahinyuka kuko yayoboye uwo muryango imyaka 12 yose. Berinaridini yitabye Imana ku ya 20 Gicurasi 1444, amaze kuzahazwa n’umunaniro. Ni Papa Nikola wa V wamwanditse mu gitabo cy’abatagatifu. Twizihiza mutagatifu Berenardini ku itariki 20 Gicurasi.

 Ushaka kumenya byinshi, soma izi nyandiko:

• ABATAGATIFU duhimbaza buri munsi, ed.Euthymia, Diyosezi  Butare, Mata 2013. P.144-145.
• ABATAGATIFU MU MINSI Y’UMWAKA, Ed. De l’imprimerie de Kabgayi, 2eme ed. sept. 2015. P.147.
• DIX MILLE SAINTS, Dictionnaire hagiographique cyanditwe n’Ababenedigitini b’i Ramsgate. Ed.VI., Brepols,1991. P.81.
• http://missel.free.fr/Sanctoral/05/20.php
• https://nominis.cef.fr/contenus/saint/1151/Saint-Bernardin-de-Sienne.html
• http://www.sanctoral.com/fr/saints/saint_bernardin_de_sienne.html

Rita w’i Kashiya, umutagatifu w’ibidashoboka

I Roccoporena mu Butaliyani ni ho Rita yavukiye mu 1381. Ubusanzwe yitwaga Marigarita, nuko abaturage bahina izina rye bamwita RITA. Nyina wari umukristukazi w’indahinyuka yahoraga amutoza kenshi kuzirikana ububabare bwa Yezu ku musaraba. Rita amaze gukura yashatse kwiyegurira Imana ariko ababyeyi be bamuhitiramo gushaka umugabo bati: “ni wowe dufite wenyine kandi dore turashaje, dukeneye ko uguma hafi yacu”. Nuko Rita yanga kubabaza ababyeyi be. Ashyingiranwa n’umugabo witwaga Pawulo babyarana abahungu babiri. Uwo mugabo ariko nyuma amubera umuhemu amufata nabi, akamukubita mbese akamugirira inabi nyinshi. Rita akomeza kwihanganira izo ngorane zose, agasenga cyane, akita ku bakene, n’abarwayi akabafasha, mbese agahozaho mu kwihata imigenzo myiza y’ubutagatifu. Ibyo byose ntibyamubuzaga no kwita ku rugo rwe. Rita yahoraga asabira umugabo we mu isengesho rihoraho n’amarira menshi. Bitinze Imana yumvise amasengesho ye n’amarira ye maze umugabo we wari icyago ahinduka umukristu mwiza, babana mu mahoro.

Nyuma yagize undi musaraba uremereye, apfusha umugabo we akurikirwa n’abahungu be bombi, asigara aho wenyine. Nuko asaba kwiyegurira Imana muri monasiteri y’i Kashiya babanza kumurushya ariko Imana iramugoboka baramwakira. Bavuga ko bamaze kumwangira kwinjira muri icyo kigo, ijoro rimwe, abatagatifu batatu: Yohani Batisita, Agusitini na Nikola w’i Tolentino binjije Rita muri icyo kigo cy’abihayimana mu buryo bw’igitangaza, maze umukuru w’uwo muryango bikamuyobera kuko inzugi zose zari zikinze. Uwo mubikira ukuriye urwo rugo ntiyajijinganyije mu kwakira iyo roho yari ije ishaka kwiyegurira Imana aho muri urwo rugo. Rita amaze kwakirwa muri uwo muryango w’ababikira bisunga Mutagatifu Agusitini, yakomeje umugenzo mwiza wo kwibabaza, kwigomwa umugati n’amazi, no kurara asenga igihe kinini mu ijoro.

Iyo migenzo myiza yayikomeyeho ubuzima bwe bwose.  Igihe kimwe yari imbere y’umusaraba wa Kristu asenga, ihwa riva ku kizingo cy’amahwa kiri ku mutwe w’ishusho ya Yezu Kristu, nuko rimukomeretsa mu ruhanga, icyo gikomere akigumana ubuzima bwe bwose, kuko kitigeze gikira.  Yaje gufatwa n’indwara yamaranye imyaka ine. Nyuma y’icyo gihe, Yezu Kristu ubwe yaje kumubonekera ari kumwe na Nyina aje kumumenyesha ko ikamba ry’amahwa rigiye gusimburwa n’ikamba ry’ikuzo. Yakoze ibitangaza byinshi cyane akiri ku isi, na nyuma y’urupfu rwe.

Mu w’1710 hari umumonaki wo mu muryango w’abihayimana ba mutagatifu Agusitini, wise Mutagatifu Rita ku nshuro ya mbere: « umutagatifu w’ibidashobokera abantu ». kuko ahanini Imana yamukoreraga ibitangaza bikomeye kubera ukwemera n’ukwizera yari afitiye Imana. Urugero:  amahane y’umugabo we yari arenze ubwenge bwa muntu; kuba yarashoboye kwinjira mu muryango w’abihayimana umuryango ufunze, bigatuma bamwakira. Igihe yari agiye gupfa, yasabye mubyara we kujya kumuzanira ururabo rw’iroza kandi icyo gihe nta rurabo rwashobokaga kuboneka mu gihe cy’urubura rukaze (Hiver). Uwo mukobwa yaragiye ararubona. Ibyo nibyo kandi banahereyeho bamwita umutagatifu w’ibidashoboka, umutagatifu utanga ibyo bari barahebye, (sainte des causes désespérées et des cas impossibles).

Rita yitabye Imana kuwa 22 Gicurasi 1457. Igihe Papa Urbani VIII yamushyiraga mu rwego rw’abahire mu 1628, hatanzwe ubuhamya bw’ibitangaza birenga 300 byakozwe kubera kwiyambaza mutagatifu Rita. Papa Lewo XIII ni we wamushyize mu rwego rw’abatagatifu kuwa 24 Gicurasi 1900. Twizihiza mutagatifu Rita kuwa 22 Gicurasi.

Ushaka kumenya byinshi, soma izi nyandiko:

• ABATAGATIFU duhimbaza buri munsi, ed. Euthymia, Diyosezi Butare, Mata 2013.p.145-146.
• ABATAGATIFU MU MINSI Y’UMWAKA, Ed. De l’imprimerie de Kabgayi, 2eme ed. sept. 2015. P.149.
• IGITABO CY’UMUKIRISITU, Editions Pallotti Presse, 2012. P.225.
• http://sanctoral.com/fr/saints/sainte_rita_de_cassia.html                         

MUTAGATIFU IVO (Yves), Umusaseridoti

MUTAGATIFU IVO (Yves), Umusaseridoti n’umwunganizi w’abakene.

Mutagatifu Ivo umuvugizi w’abakene, abapfakazi n’imfubyi yavukiye mu karere ka Bretanye (Bretagne) mu gihugu cy’Ubufaransa, mu mwaka w’1253. Yari umwana w’umutware wayoboraga Kermartini (Kermartin) hafi ya Tregiye (Treguier). Agejeje imyaka 14, ababyeyi be bamwohereje kwiga Filozofiya, Iyobokamana n’amategeko ya Kiliziya, i Parisi mu Bufaransa. Amategeko ya gisivili yayigiye i Oruleya (Orleans), nuko arangiye asubira muri Bretanye. Nyuma yaho umwepisikopi wa Rene (Rennes) yamugize umucamanza mu rukiko rwa Kiliziya rwo muri iyo diyosezi ya Rene. Nyuma yaho Ivo yahawe ibice bya mbere bibanziriza ubupadiri. Umwepisikopi we, wayoboraga diyosezi ya Tregiye yamusabye kuza guca imanza muri uwo mujyi, mbese agakora nk’ibyo yakoraga muri diyosezi ya Rene.

Mu w’1285, Ivo yahawe ubupadiri, maze agirwa padiri mukuru wa Tredirezi (Trédrez). Kugira ngo abashe gukora neza uwo murimo, yeguye ku murimo wo guca imanza. Ivo yabaye intangarugero mu bashumba baragiye ubushyo bw’Imana muri Kiliziya. Yicishaga bugufi cyane ku buryo yirindaga ikintu cyose cyatuma bamuha ikuzo. Igihe cyose yajyaga gusura abakristu, yagendaga ku maguru, kandi yagendaga yambaye inkweto z’imikoba (rugabire) nk’uko abafureri b’abafaransisikani babigenzaga. Ariko n’ubusanzwe yari yarinjiye muri uwo muryango, mu gice cyawo cy’abataba mu bigo (Tiers-Ordre). Akiri umunyeshuri i Paris, yari yarafashe icyemezo cyo kwigomwa inyama. Ageze i Orleya, yafashe icyemezo cyo kureka kunywa inzoga ahubwo afata umugambi wo gusiba kurya buri wa gatanu.

Uko iminsi yagendaga ni ko yarushagaho kongera uburyo bunyuranye bwo kwibabaza. Byageze aho afata icyemezo cyo gusiba kurya buri wa gatatu, buri wa gatanu na buri wa gatandatu. Yaryamaga ku buriri bushasheho utwatsi dukeya cyane tugeretse ku biti akisegura Bibiliya cyangwa ibuye. Abakene yabahaga ibyo yungutse ndetse n’ibisanzwe bivuye mu mutungo we bwite. Ntiyifuzaga kubona abakene bambaye ubusa. Umunsi umwe yasuye ibitaro ahasanga abakene benshi bambaye ibicwabari nuko abaha imyambaro ye yose. Umunsi umwe, umudozi yari ari kumupimira umwambaro mushya, maze arabukwa umukene wambaye utwambaro dushaje cyane, maze aramuhamagara amwihera uwo mushya, maze agumana ishaje. Ariko icyatumye Ivo amenyekana cyane ni ukuntu yakoze neza cyane umurimo we wo guca imanza zitabera.

Yihatiraga cyane kunga abafitanye urubanza, bakiyunga bataragera imbere y’ubucamanza. Kandi iyo yacaga imanza, yihatiraga gusubiza uwabujijwe uburenganzira bwe ku biburanirwa. Mu manza zose yabaga arimo nk’umucamanza cyangwa nk’umwunganizi, nta na rumwe rwigeze rugaragaramo akarengane. Igihe yari umucamanza, rimwe na rimwe yahindukaga umuvugizi w’abakene n’imfubyi. Ivo yitabye Imana ku itariki 19 Gicurasi mu mwaka w’1303 afite imyaka 50. Nuko abakene, imfubyi, abapfakazi n’indushyi baramuririra cyane nk’umubyeyi wabo, umuvugizi wabo n’umurengezi wabo. Twizihiza mutagatifu Ivo ku itariki 19 Gicurasi.

MUTAGATIFU ERIKI, Umwami wahowe Imana

Erike yitwaga Erik Jedvardsson. Eriki yari umwami kandi yahowe Imana. Eriki (ubundi buryo bwo mu gihugu cya Suwedi bwo kuvuga Heneriko), yabaye umwami wa Suwede. Akaba yaragiye ku ngoma mu mwaka w’1150. Eric yakomokaga muri umwe mu miryango ikomeye yo muri Suwede. Eriki akiri muto yihatiraga kunguka ubumenyi n’ubuhanga busanzwe akimenyereza kandi imigenzo myiza ya gikirisitu. Iyi migenzo myiza ni yo yatumye bamutoraho umwami. Yihatiye gushishikariza abamamaza Inkuru Nziza ya Yezu Kristu kuyamamaza mu gihugu cye kandi akabashyigikira. Mu gushyiraho itegekonshinga ry’igihugu cye yakoze ku buryo rigendera ku matwara ya gikirisitu. Yafashije kandi mu gikorwa cyo kwamamaza Ivanjili mu gihugu cya Finilandi. Bamwishe asohotse mu misa.

Mutagatifu Eriki rero yabaye umwami kandi yahowe Imana. Umurambo we uri muri Katederali ya Upsala. Kubaka iyo katederali byatangiye nyuma y’imyaka 125 nyuma y’urupfu rwe. Eriki wa IX, umwami wa Suwede yavukaga mu muryango ukize wo mu giturage. Yashakanye na Kirisitina, umukobwa w’umwami Ingoni IV.  Icyo gihe rero intebe y’ubwami uwayihabwaga yaratorwaga. Ni muri ubwo buryo yatowe agasimbura sebukwe mu w’1150. Imbaraga za Eriki zoze yazishyize mu kintu cyose cyatuma abaturage be bose bagubwa neza. Yaharaniye cyane ko imanza zose zicibwa mu mucyo buri wese agahabwa ubutabera. Ubwe yiyakiriraga ibirego by’abaturage be kandi akaba ari na we ubarenganura. Ubwe yafashaga abakene ku buryo bw’umwihariko kandi agafata n’umwanya wo gusura abakene.

N’ubwo yangaga intambara, igihe abanyafinilandi babateye yafashe ingabo arabarwanya, bakaba bari baje kuyogoza igihugu cya Suwede, nuko arabatsinda by’intangarugero kandi igihugu cyose cya Finilandi aragifata, ashyiraho abasirikare ngo bamutegekere. Guhera ubwo rero yashinze mutagatifu Heneriko umwepisikopi wa Upsala kujya kwamamaza Ivanjili muri icyo gihugu cya Finilandi cyari kigisenga ibigirwamana. Igice kimwe cy’abanyasuwede cyanze kwakira Ivanjili, ahubwo batangira gukora udutsiko two kwigomeka kuri Eriki.  Manyusi (Magnus), umwami w’igihugu cya Danemarike yari afite umugambi wo kwigarurira igihugu cya Suwede, nuko yiyemeza gufasha abari bigometse ku butegetsi bwa Eriki, maze bafata icyemezo cyo kumwica.

Umunsi umwe yari ari mu misa nuko bamumenyesha ko Manyusi umwami wa Danemarike ateye igihugu, ko ageze hafi aho. Icyo gihe rero, Eriki ntiyashatse ko ingabo ze zigwa ku rugamba kubera kumurwanirira, kandi koko bari biteguye gupfa bagashira kubera kurwana ku buzima bwe. Igihe baje kumubwira ko ingabo zije kumutera, yari mu misa, nuko arasubiza ati “nimureke tubanze dusoze imihango y’igitambo cy’ukarisitiya, ibindi bijyanye n’umunsi mukuru turabikomereza ahandi.  Igihe misa irangiye, yiragije Imana, akora ikimenyetso cy’umusaraba, hanyuma agenda wenyine asanga abanzi be. Bamubonye, bamwirohaho, bamuvana ku ifarasi, bamuca umutwe bamuhora ko yamamaza ubukristu. Hari ku itariki 18 Gicurasi, 1162. Bavuga ko aho amaraso y’uwo mutagatifu yamenetse havubutse isoko y’amazi ku buryo bw’igitangaza.

Mu mateka rero, ikirangantego cya Eriki cyagize uruhare rukomeye mu mateka y’igihugu cya Suwede. Eriki rero ni we witiriwe Kiliziya Katederali y’umujyi mukuru wa Suwede ariwo Stokolumu (Stockholm). Ikimenyetso cy’ingofero ya cyami iriho amakamba atatu yibutsa ba bami batatu b’abanyabwenge bagiye kuramya Umwana Yezu i Betelehemu, gishushanyije ku ndege z’intambara z’igisirikare cy’igihugu cya Suwede. Ibyo bikagaragaza uburyo igihugu cyose kimwubaha. Twizihiza mutagatifu Eriki ku itariki 18 Gicurasi. (Byakusanyijwe na padiri Theophile TWAGIRAYEZU, diocese Byumba. Ku yandi makuru ku nyandiko twakusanyije ku mibereho y'abatagatifu bariza kuri tel: 0788757494/ 0782889963/ ubunyamabanga bwa SPES MEA).

Mutagatifu Petero Selesitini (1221-1296), Papa

Izina rya Petero Selesitini yaryiswe nyuma. Izina rya se n’abakurambere be ryari Muro. Ubwo rero yagombaga kwitwa Petero Muro. Aho akuriye ni ho bamwise Selesitini bivuga ‘umwana w’Ijuru’. Yari umwana wa 11 mu bavandimwe 12. Ababyeyi be bari abataliyani b’abakene. Barushaho kuba abakene aho se apfiriye. Ariko Petero Selesitini yarushije abavandimwe be amahirwe yo kubona amashuri. Akiri muto, yajyaga abonekerwa n’abamalayika na Bikira Mariya, agakunda kubibwira abandi. Banze kumwemera ati: “nimuze mbahe ikimenyetso. Nuko bajya mu murima w’ingano zitari zanaraba. Urugano asoromye rwose rukaba ihundo ryiza. Kuva ubwo nyina yemera ko aziha Imana.

Petero Selesitini ahera ubwo ajya kwiha Imana, ntiyabanza ariko mu bamonaki. Arabanza ajya mu ishyamba ahamara iminsi itandatu, asiba, asenga kandi yibabaza kwinshi. Iminsi itandatu ishize arahava ajya mu buvumo bwiherereye cyane butari buzwi. Akarara ku butaka gusa. Umwambaro we wari nk’ikigunira gihanda nabi. Ahamara imyaka itatu yose ari na ko shitani imwibasira, imutera ibishuko byo kwiheba, by’ingeso mbi cyangwa byo kujya gushaka umugore. Abamalayika baramukiza kuko bamubonekeraga kenshi. Hanyuma yemera kujya kwigira ubusaseridoti kugira ngo misa azajya avuga izajye imufasha gutsinda ibyo bishuko.

Ubutagatifu bwe butuma abakristu benshi baza kumugisha inama. Bamwe abemerera kubana na we. Ni ko umuryango wa Kiliziya witwa ‘Abaselesitini’ watangiye. Bari bariyubakiye utuzu tw’ibyatsi bakatubamo. Umukiro wabo wari uko babanye gusa n’Imana yabohererezaga abamalayika bayo kubasura kenshi. Petero Selesitini yari atunzwe gusa n’umugati mubi washiririjwe, ukomeye cyane byo kuba wakura amenyo. Ubundi akarya ibyatsi abonye byose ku gasozi, cyane cyane mu gisibo. Yararaga ku gitanda cy’icyuma kizira isaso, nta karago cyangwa akaringiti. Akavuga ko gisusuruka kurusha ubutaka bwumye. Imana ariko irabimubuza kuko yari akabije mu kwibabaza kwe.

Nuko Papa atanze hashira amezi 27 nta wundi utowe, bitarigeze biba. Nyuma y’urupfu rwa Papa Nikola IV mu mwaka w’1292, abakalidinali ntibashoboye kumvikana ku itorwa ry’umusimbura we. Nibwo nyuma y’impaka ndende batoye umuntu udafite aho abogamiye kandi uzwiho ubutagatifu, batora umumonaki w’imyaka 72 witwa Petero. Yiberaga mu mpinga y’umusozi wa Morone aho yari yarashatse kwihererera ngo arusheho gusabana n’Imana, hashize imyaka ibiri. Abakalidinali baje kumushaka ngo bamujyane kumwimika, na ho we abyumvise arabatakambira abapfukama imbere ngo bamureke yigumire mu mwiherero we n’Imana.

Bakomeza rero kubimuhata ndetse baramujyana, nuko amaze kuba papa yitwa Celestin V arihangana amara amezi atanu, hanyuma asaba kwegura avuga ko adashoboye uwo murimo. Benshi byarabababaje kuko bamukundaga, bituma ndetse uwamusimbuye amugirira ishyari aramufungisha agwa mu buroko ku wa 19 Gicurasi 1296. Twizihiza Mutagatifu Selesitini ku itariki 19 Gicurasi.

Aho byavuye:

• IGITABO CY’UMUKIRISITU, Editions Pallotti Presse, 2012. p.224.
• ABATAGATIFU duhimbaza buri munsi, ed.Euthymia, Diyosezi Butare, Mata 2013.p.143-144.
• ABATAGATIFU MU MINSI Y’UMWAKA, Ed. De l’imprimerie de Kabgayi, 2eme ed. sept. 2015. p.146.
• DIX MILLE SAINTS, Dictionnaire hagiographique cyanditwe n’Ababenedigitini b’i Ramsgate. Ed.VI., Brepols,1991. p.112.
• http://www.sanctoral.com/fr/saints/saint_pierre-celestin.html   
• http://www.introibo.fr/19-05-St-Pierre-Celestin-pape-et   

Byakusanyijwe na padiri Theophile TWAGIRAYEZU, diocese Byumba. Ku yandi makuru ku nyandiko twakusanyije ku mibereho y'abatagatifu bariza kuri tel: 0788757494/ 0782889963/ (ubunyamabanga bwa SPES MEA).

Aba Kristu nimukunde gusenga

Ikikumenyesha umukristu, ni ukwemera, ukwemera kujyana n’ibikorwa kandi ibyo bikorwa bikabonera ishingiro n’igisobanuro mu kwemera gutagatufu. Ikindi cyakwereka umukristu ni isengesho. Burya umukristu udasenga, ntagukomera kwe, aho abuyera mu by’isi, nta menya icyo Imana imwifuzaho kuko nta mushyikirano agirana na yo. Aba Kristu nimukunde gusenga, kandi musenge nta buryarya. Isengesho rizima ni umushyikirano wagereranywa n’ibitunga umubiri. Nk’uko umubiri utabaho udafite ibiwutunga ni nako umukristu nyawe atabaho adasenga. 

Ukwemera kwacu kugomba gushyigikirwa n’Imana ubwayo binyuze mu isengesho rituje, rihozaho kandi rizira uburyarya. Iyo dusengana umwete nta buriganya, tuba turi mu nzira nziza yo kugana Umukiza. Umukristu wemera Imana udasenga ameze nk’umuhinzi uheruka atera ariko ntasubire inyuma ngo ajye kubagara no kwicira imyaka ye. Hatabaye igitangaza cy’Imana, umwami w’ibiremwa byose, biragoye rwose ko yabona umusaruro mwiza kuko imyaka ye irengerwa n’ikigunda, ikabura ibyangombwa kugira ngo yere neza. Ni ngombwa ko duhugukira gusenga; tukajya mu gitambo cy’Ukaristiya no mu yandi makoraniro y’abasenga, tukavuga ishapule n’andi masengesho Kiliziya itwigisha tutibagiwe na yayandi atanditse, ahubwo adusohoka mu mutima, twe ubwacu tukayatura Imana.Numucyo dusengane umutima utaryarya, tubikore ubutitsa, kugira ngo turusheho kwitagatifuza (Tes.17; Yh.4,23).

Isengesho ry’ukuri rishoboza byose kandi rikanabera usenga ivomo ry’imbaraga zituma yamamaza Kristu n’umutima we wose, n’imbaraga ze zose, wese ashize amanga. Ibi kandi bagafasha ubikora neza kwegerana n’Imana. Ni ryo ritugira abana b’Imana kubera imbuto yaryo; Mutagatifu Izaki ati “Urukundo ni imbuto y’isengesho... Guhora usenga kandi wihangana bisobanura kwiyanga. Kubw’ibyo, mu kwitanga kwa roho nimwo haboneka urukundo rw’Imana” (S. Isaac le Syrien. Discours, 43). tumenye kandi ko udakunda atabarirwa mu bana b’Imana, kuko Imana ubwayo ari urukundo. 

Isengesho ry’umukristu ntiriheza Ijambo ry’Imana kuko, ryo ibikorwa bya gikristu byose bishingiyeho. Ukora ibibusanye na ryo, uwo ntiyaba asenga, ntiyaba ari umukristu. Ijambo ry’Imana ni ryo tara rimurikira abakunda Imana, bagaharanira kuryumvira nta buryarya. Uryubaha rimubera umuti n’urukingo. “Uburwayi bwose buzahaza kameremuntu, nta na bumwe, bwaba ubwa roho cyangwa ubw’umubiri, butabonera umuti mu Byanditswe Bitagatifu.” (S. Jean Chrysostome. Homélies sur la Genèse, 29: 1). 

Nimukunde gusenga musabira umuntu wese kuko we nawe nimwe mugize kiliziya.  Gusabirana ni ugusabira Kiliziya, imbaga y’abemera Imana, bikaba n’ikimenyesto cy’urukundo uyifitiye. “Umukristu utikujijemo urukundo afitiye kiliziya, ntiyashobora gushyikirana neza n’Imana” (Myr Kizito BAHUJIMIHIGO, Umwitozo wo gushengerera Isakaramentu ry’ukaristiya, P.85). Imana yigaragariza muri iyo Kiliziya itunganye. “Ubutungane bwa kiliziya bukomoka ku mutwe wayo Yezu Kristu, watsinze icyaha burundu igihe azutse. Uwo mutsindo ni wo utuma ibyaha by’abagize Kiliziya bitayiremerera ngo irohame uko yakabaye. (Myr Kizito BAHUJIMIHIGO, Umwitozo wo gushengerera Isakaramentu ry’ukaristiya, P.85)” Gusenga kwawe ni ubundi buryo bwo kubaka kiliziya no kuyifasha gusohoza neza ubutumwa bwayo butagira n’umwe buheza. 

Ibitabo byifashishijwe:

• Bibiliya Ntagatifu
• Myr Kizito BAHUJIMIHIGO, Umwitozo wo gushengerera Isakaramentu ry’ukaristiya, P.85
• S. Isaac le Syrien. Discours, 43
• S. Jean Chrysostome. Homélies sur la Genèse, 29: 1

Mutagatifu Yohani Nepomuseni, Umusaseridoti wahowe Imana

“uravuga ibanga rya penetensiya; bitabaye ibyo urapfa.” “ntawe ugomba kumenya ibanga ryo muri Penetensiya uretse Imana yonyine.”

Izina Nepomuseni risobanura aho akomoka kuko ryaturutse aho yavukiye hitwa Nepomuk.Yohani Nepomuseni yavukiye i Nepomuk muri Bohemiya mu 1338. Akiri muto, yakoreweho ibitangaza ubugira kabiri. Ubwa mbere; ababyeyi be bari bashaje, bamubyaye babanje kwambaza Bikira Mariya. Ikindi ni uko akiri muto, indwara yari igiye kumuhitana, bakiyambaza Bikira Mariya umwamikazi w’Ijuru nuko agakira. Yohani yarezwe neza cyane, kandi ubusabane bwe n’Imana bwashimwaga na benshi mubari bamuzi. Kubera kumenya kuvuga, byatumye yamamara hose mu mujyi wa Prague kandi yari umuhanga mu by’amategeko. Yahawe ubusaseridoti mu 1373. Yabaye umwungiriza w’umwepisikopi.  Hashize igihe gito bamugira umwepisikopi, arabyanga, ariko yemera kuba Omoniye w’ibwami, maze aboneraho kwamamaza Ivanjili i bwami.

Aho i bwami, Umwamikazi yamugize umuyobozi wa roho ye. Uwo mwamikazi yari umukristu w’intangarugero. Ariko umwami we yari yarohotse mu ngeso mbi nyinshi, atangira no kugenzura cyane umugore we. Byageze aho umwami atumizaho, Padiri Yohani, maze aramuguyaguya ngo amubwire ibyo umwamikazi yicujije byose muri penetensiya. Ariko Yohani arabyanga. Igihe kimwe rero, umukozi wo mu gikoni yagaburiye umwami inkoko idahiye neza, maze umwami ategeka ko uwo mukozi bamushyira ku cyokezo agashya buhoro buhoro nk’uko botsa brusheti. Byatangaje cyane abagaragu b’umwami, barumirwa nuko baza kubimenyesha padiri Yohani, maze aza ibwami kubwira umwami ko urwo rubanza yaciriye umunyagikoni we ari urw’ubugome.

Ibyo byarakaje bikomeye umwami Wensislasi maze ajugunya Padiri Yohani mu buroko. Nyuma yongeye guhamagaza padiri Yohani, arongera aramwinginga ngo amubwire ibyo umwamikazi yicujije. Nuko Padiri Yohani arasubiza, ati: “ntawe ugomba kumenya ibanga ryo muri Penetensiya uretse Imana yonyine.” Umwami abonye ko Yohani atava ku izima ryo gukomera ku ibanga rya Penetensiya, na we amuhanisha gutwikwa, agashya buhoro buhoro yokejwe n’amakara ashyushye cyane.

Ububabare bumaze kumurembya, Padiri Yohani arataka, ati: “Yezu! Mariya! Nuko ku buryo bw’igitangaza, akira ibikomere yari amaze guterwa n’uwo muriro. Padiri Yohani yahise amenya ko n’ubusanzwe igihe cye cyo gusanga Imana kiri hafi. Nyuma y’ibyo, bamusubije ibwami, nuko umwami aravuga, ati: “uravuga ibanga rya penetensiya; bitabaye ibyo urapfa.” Yohani araceceka. Umwami Wensislasi ategeka ko nibigera nijoro bashyira padiri Yohani mu mufuka, bakamujugunya mu ruzi. Ariko umubiri w’iyo ntwari ya Nyagasani ugenda hejuru y’amazi kandi uzengurutswe n’imuri nyinshi, bitangaza abo mu mujyi benshi. Bamwishe mu 1393. Twizihiza Mutagatifu Yohani Nepomuseni ku itariki 16 Gicurasi.

Mutagatifu Diyoniziya (Denyse), umubikira wahowe Imana

Izina Diyoniziya risobanura ‘umwali w’Imana’. Mutagatifu Diyoniziya ni umubikira wapfanye n’abandi batagatifu barimo Petero, Andereya na Pawulo. Bapfiriye ahitwa Lampusake (Lampsaque), muri Turukiya y’ubu, ahagana mu mwaka wa 251, bikurikije uko igitabo cyitwa Maritiroloje kibivuga.

Muri icyo gihe, umutegetsi w’ako karere yategetse abo bakirisitu gutura igitambo ikigirwamana cyitwaga Venus. Nuko uwitwa Petero (utari Petero Intumwa) arasubiza ati: “icy’ingenzi kandi kintera ishema ni ugutura igitambo no gusenga Imana Nzima kandi Nyakuri”. Diyoniziya amaze kubwirwa inkuru mbi y’uko uwitwaga Nikomake amaze kwihakana Imana ku mugaragaro, atera hejuru ati: “nta kundi, Nikomake apfuye urwa burundu, ahombye ijuru, ubuziraherezo kubera kwihambira ku buzima bwo ku isi buzamara akanya gato…” Icyo gihe uwahakanaga ubukristu yasohokaga mu rukiko ahawe icyemezo cy’uko yahakanye Imana.

Abasirikare bari aho bumvise uwo mukobwa w’imyaka 16 avuga atyo, bamenya ko ari umukristukazi, ni ko guhita bamufata. Ubwo bahise bamujyana imbere ya guverineri. Diyoniziya yabwiye Guverineri ati: simfitiye ubwoba ibyo unkangisha ngo urangirira nabi, mfite incuti ikurusha imbaraga, iyo nshuti ni Imana yanjye. Ishobora kundwanaho muri ubwo bubabare bwose. Bahise batangira kumugirira nabi, barangije, bamuca umutwe. Apfa atyo ahowe Imana. Hari kuwa 15 Gicurasi 251, ku ngoma y’umwami w’abami witwaga Desi. Twizihiza Mutagatifu Diyoniziya kuwa 15 Gicurasi.

Aho byavuye :

·        DIX MILLE SAINTS, Dictionnaire hagiographique cyanditwe n’Ababenedigitini b’i Ramsgate. Ed.VI., Brepols,1991. 143.

·        https://nominis.cef.fr/contenus/saint/1159/Sainte-Denise.html

Nyagasani mugabyi w'ibyiza byose bibaho

Nyagasani mugabyi w'ibyiza byose bibaho,

girira impuhwe usanzwe ugirira abo wacunguje Umwana wawe ukunda cyane Yezu Kristu,

Umwami wacu,

n'urukundo udahwema kugaragariza umuryango wawe,

maze umpe ingabire zimfasha mu rugamba ndimo rwo guhashya icyaha gihangarije kwarika mu mutima wanjye.

Girira ubuvugizi bw'Umubyeyi w'Umwana wawe,

Bikira Mariya twarazwe ku musaraba ngo atubere Umubyeyi,

maze unyongeremo inyota yo kugusanga no kurushaho kukubona mu bavandimwe bankikije.

Nyagasani Mana,

irengagize amakosa yanjye,

hanyuma untangize urugendo rushya rw'ubuzima watanze ku isi binyuze muri Jambo wigize umuntu,

bityo uko ngenda ntera intambwe nkusanga,

urusheho kunyegereza ubufasha bwawe bunkomeza umutima,

amina!

Mutagatifu Solanje, isugi yiyeguriye Kristu (860-878)

«…Bavuga ko Solanje afite imyaka irindwi yaba yarumvise ijwi rimubwira riti : « ngwino tuzibanire ubuziraherezo » nuko ararisubiza, ati : « ndi uwawe ngwino unjyane Nyagasani ». Iryo jambo ryo kwiha Nyagasani, Solanje yarikomeyeho cyane… »

Solanje yavukiye i Vilemo (Villemont), mu Bufransa. Yarezwe neza n’ababyeyi be bari abahinzi, bamutoza kare imico myiza ya gikiristu no gukunda umurimo. Iyo yabaga ajya kuvoma cyangwa aragiye amatungo, isengesho ni ryo ryabaga rimuri ku mutima. Mu gihe cye, hari ubukristu bukomeye n’ubuhakanamana butarahabwa intebe. Icyo gihe kandi Ababyeyi bareraga abana babo mu gitinyiro cya Nyagasani, ku mugoroba bamaze gufungura bakababwira ku mibereho y’abatagatifu. Bavuga ko Solanje afite imyaka irindwi yaba yarumvise ijwi rimubwira riti : « ngwino tuzibanire ubuziraherezo » nuko ararisubiza, ati : « ndi uwawe ngwino unjyane Nyagasani ». Iryo jambo ryo kwiha Nyagasani, Solanje yarikomeyeho cyane.

Solanje yakundaga umurimo kuburyo imirimo yose yasabwe gukora yayikoranaga urukundo. Yangaga cyane ubwirasi, ku buryo igihe yabaga ari kwireba mu mazi yahitaga asibanganya iyo ndorerwamo ya kamere, ngo hato itaza kumukururira ubwibone. Solanje yabayeho yirinda imyitwarire yatuma asamara, kandi nta wigeze amubona mu dutsiko tw’urubyiruko twatwawe n’iby’isi. We yakundaga Imana cyane agakunda n’abantu.

Uko yari mwiza ku mutima ni nako yari mwiza ku mubiri ; ubwo bwiza bwo ku mubiri ni bwo bwatumye umuhungu w’umwami amubenguka, ashaka kumusaba nyuma ndetse agera aho kubizira. Umunsi umwe, uwo musore yasanze Solanje aho aragiye amatungo, aramubwira ati : “ndifuza kukurongora tukibanira” Solanje aramusubiza ati : “narangije guhitamo byararangiye, nahisemo Yezu Kristu Umwami wanjye”. 

Undi munsi uwo musore azanana umugambi ntakuka, aramufata amujugunya ku ifarasi, amwirukankana cyane atitaye ko yanamutura hasi. Nuko Solanje abonye ko agomba kumucika, asimbuka ku ifarasi iri kwiruka, agerageza guhunga uwo mubisha. Wa musore aramukurikira, afata inkota ye, ayimutera mu mutima amutsinda aho. Nguko uko Solanje yapfuye ari isugi yahowe Kristu.

Bavuga ko umubiri we wakomeje gukora ibitangaza byinshi aho i Beri yapfiriye n’ahandi henshi abakristu bamwiyambazaga. Twizihiza mutagatifu Solanje kuwa 10 Gicurasi.

Aho byavuye:

1. ABATAGATIFU duhimbaza buri munsi, ed.Euthymia, Diyosezi Butare, Mata 2013.P.135. 
2. DIX MILLE SAINTS, Dictionnaire hagiographique cyanditwe n’Ababenedigitini b’i Ramsgate. Ed.VI., Brepols,1991. p. 465.
3. http://www.sanctoral.com/fr/saints/sainte_solange.html

Mutagatifu Evode, Umwepisikopi wahowe Imana

“… Evode ni we wambere wadukanye ijambo “aba Kristu” avuga abigishwa ba Yezu…”

Bivugwa ko Evode yavukiye mu bapagani, akaba yarakiriye ubukristu yigishijwe na Mutagatifu Petero Intumwa, anamuha n’ubwepisikopi. Mutagatifu Petero Intumwa yabanje kuba umwepisikopi wa Antiyokiya, igihe agiye i Roma, asiga ahaye Evode ubwepisikopi, ndeste amusiga i Antiyokiya ngo amusimbure. Ntawe uzi neza igihe Evode yapfiriye n’aho yaguye. Bavuga ko yaba yarasimbuwe na Mutagatifu Inyasi wa Antiyokiya mu mwaka 69. Icyo kikaba ari cyo gihe Evode yapfiriyemo. Hari abemeza ko yaguye i Galuba.

Mutagatifu Inyasi wa Antiyokiya wamusimbuye yamwanditseho amusingiza, mu ibaruwa yandikiye abakristu, ngo “mwigishijwe n’Intumwa Petero na Pawulo ubwabo, ntimuzibagirwe rero inyigisho ntagatifu mwashinzwe. Mujye mwibuka kandi n’umuhire Evode umushumba wanyu wabaragiye abahawe n’Intumwa. Twerekane iteka ko uwo mubyeyi mwiza atarumbije.” Mutagatifu Inyasi ubwe kandi avuga ko Evode yahowe Imana.

Evode ni we wambere wadukanye ijambo “aba Kristu” avuga abigishwa ba Yezu. Muri icyo gihe, ijambo “aba Kristu” ni we warikoresheje bwambere kubari abigishwa ba Yezu. Tumwizihiza mutagatifu Evode wa Antiyokiya kuwa 6 Gicurasi.

Nimuhugukire ibikorwa by’urukundo

Gukora ibikorwa by’urukundo ni uguhamya ko twatuje Imana mu mitama yacu. Imana yo rukundo nyarwo irutugaragariza buri munsi mu buzima bwacu. Iyo usomye Ibyanditwe Bitagatifu usanga Imana ubwayo ari urukundo rwigaragariza mu butatu butagatifu. Igitabo cya mbere cya Yohani ndetse n’Ivanjili bitumenyesha neza ko Imana Data n’Imana Mwana ari urukundo. Kwimika Imana mu buzima bwacu, nibirangwe n’ibikorwa by’urukundo dukorera abo banyantege nke, insuzugurwa n’abandi isi yatereranye. Ibikorwa by’urukundo, byaba ibisaba imbaraga, amafaranga, n’ibisaba isengesho, nibitubere uburyo bwiza bwa ngombwa bwo guhamya ko Imana twemera ari urukundo kandi ko idukunda twese.  

Gukora ibikorwa by’urukundo ni ukumvira Roho w’Imana, Imana itanga ubuzima. Akomoka kuri Data no kuri Mwana kandi asangiye na Mwana uwo ndetse na Data kamere. Ni We ukongeza umuriro w’urukundo mu bantu. Koko rero ‘urukundo rw’Imana rwabuganijwe mu mitima yacu na Roho Mutagatifu twahawe’ Rom.5,5. Tubyumve neza ibikorwa by’urukundo ni ibikorwa bya Roho Mutagatifu. Ibyo bikorwa bivura mu bana amahoro, urukundo, ibyishimo, ubugwaneza, ubudahemuka n’indi mico myiza myinshi. Aho Roho Atari n’urukundo ntiruhaboneka. Igikorwa cy’urukundo ni igikorwa tubwirizwa n’Imana ubwayo. Nimucyo tuyumvire.  

Bavandimwe, niba dusobanukiwe n’urukundo, ni ngombwa ko tumenya n’ibi: kubura urukundo ni ukubura Umuremyi, Umucunguzi n’Umuvugizi. Utagira urukundo ntakibeshyere ko afite urumuli, amahoro n’ubujyanama bikwiriye ahubwo aba ari mu mwijima w’ubuyobe, mu ntaho ya nyakibi n’ubucibwe. Kubura urukundo ni ugupfa kuko urukundo ari ubuzima, aha ngaha gupfa bisobanure kwegukira sekibi.  Gukora igikorwa cy’urukundo ni ukugaragaza urukundo ufitiye uwo ugikoireye kandi ukunda abandi aba agaragaza ko Imana imutuyemo; ikamubamo, ikamugumamo na we akayigumamo (1Yh.4,7.16).  

Muvandimwe, hugukira ibikorwa by’urukundo. Urwimike mu mutima wawe, rugarazwe n’imibereho yawe ya buri munsi. “Niba uvumbuye ko nta rukundo ugira, kandi ukaba urushaka, kora ibikorwa by’urukundo, kabone n’ubwo mu ntangiriro wabikora nta rukundo. Nyagasani azareba icyifuzo n’umuhati byawe nuko ashyire urukundo mu mutima wawe.” (S. Ambroise d'Optino). Umuntu utagira ibikorwa by’urukundo aba atagira ibikorwa by’Imana mu buzima bwe.  

Urukundo rugomba kuba nk’itara ryaka, ryakira kuyobora abantu no kwirukana umwijima. Urukundo rukarenzaho kuko rugomba kwigaragaza amanywa n’ijoro, hose, muri byose na hose. Urukundo rugomba guhora ari urukundo; rugaharanira kwakira ukunda hamwe n’uwanga. Umuntu agakunda abantu bose mu mibereho yabo yose no mu bibatanya byose. Urukundo ntirugomba guhinduka cyangwa ngo rugira imipaka, ahuwo nirube mutarambirwa.  Abantu bose bakwiye kuruhugukira, bagahora bambaza Imana, bati: “Ngwino mu mitima yacu, utwongerere urukundo, uhirukane urwango. Urukundo ruganze aho tutarukeka.”

Mutagatifu Deziderati (Désiré), Umwepisikopi

"...Bavuga ko mutagatifu Deziderati yakoze ibitangaza byinshi byo gukiza indwara kandi yita no kugufata neza ibisigazwa by’imibiri y’abamaritiri ba Kiliziya..."

Muri Werurwe 512, nibwo Mutagatifu Deziderati (Désiré) yavukiye i Sansi (Sancy) mu Bufaransa. Ni we wahimbwe izina rya Tewodule, yitaba Imana kuwa 8 Gicurasi 550, apfira muri Kiliziya yitiriwe mutagatifu Desiderati, avuye mu Nama nkuru ya Kiliziya yabereye i Klerimo. Nk’uko yari yarabihanuye mbere, avuga iby’urupfu azapfa, Deziderati yishwe n’indwara yamuteje kugira umuriro mwinshi. Yabanje kuba umugaragu ukomeye w’abahungu b’umwami Klovisi, Ariko yakunze kugira icyifuzo cyo guhunga ibwami kubera ingeso mbi nyinshi. Yabaye kandi umunyamabanga ibwami (Chancellier) maze uwo mwanya awukoresha yubaka za kiliziya nyinshi hamwe n’ibigo by’abihayimana b’abamonaki.

Yashakashatse uko yakwirukana ingeso yo kugurisha amasakaramentu yari itangiye kugaragara muri Kiliziya ndetse no kurwanya ubuyobe (hérésie) bwagendaga bugaragara mu bwami bwa Kloteri (Clotaire).  Ndetse yanashatse uko yajya kwibera mu kigo cy’abamonaki. Mu mwaka wa 538, umwami Kloteri yashatse ko Deziderati asimbura umwepisikopi Arkade mutagatifu kugira ngo abe arikiepisikopi wa 22 wa Diyosezi ya Buruge (Burges).

Bavuga ko mutagatifu Deziderati yakoze ibitangaza byinshi byo gukiza indwara kandi yita no kugufata neza ibisigazwa by’imibiri y’abamaritiri ba Kiliziya. Deziderati yabaye umwepisikopi ukomeye wo mu gihe cy’ingoma y’abami b’abafaransa bakomoka ku mwami Merove. Mu gihe cy’imyaka 9 yayoboye diyosezi ya Burges, inkuru y’ibitangaza bye n’uko yaharaniraga amahoro byogeye hose, dore ko yakoraga imirimo ye agerageza gushimisha bose.

Ku itariki 28 Ukwakira 549 yitabiriye Inama Nkuru ya Kiliziya yabereye Oruleya (Orleans), inama yamaganye ubuyobe bwa Nestoriyusi na Ewutikesi, igashyiraho imirongo ihamye yo kwigisha muri Kiliziya. Deziderati ni umwe mu bagize uruhare rukomeye mu kugarura amahoro mu gihugu cy’Ubufaransa cyari yarazahajwe n’akaduruvayo katewe n’isenyuka ry’ubwami bwa Roma. Azwiho kandi kuba yaraharaniye kuzana amahoro hagati y’uturere tubiri twahoraga mu ntambara: akarere ka Aju n’aka Puwatu (Ajou et Poitou). Yagize uruhare mu gutuma ubwami bushya bw’Ubufaransa buhinduka ubwami bwa gikirisitu. Twizihiza Mutagatifu Deziderati w’i Burges kuwa 8 Gicurasi.

Mutagatifu Atanazi (-373) Umwepisikopi

 "...Atanazi yigishaga inyigisho tubona ubu mu NDANGAKWEMERA ya Kiliziya Gatolika. Mu nyigisho ze yaravugaga, ati : “Umuntu ntiyarokoka iyo Kristu ataba Imana ku buryo bwuzuye”.

Alegizadriya mu Misiri niho mutagatifu Atanazi yavukiye mu mwaka wa 295. Izina rye risobanura “utazapfa”. Atanazi yavukiye mu muryango ukize w’abakristu, yigira amasomo ye mu by’ityazabwenge (philosophie) no kuvuga indimi mu mashuri akomeye yo mu mujyi wa Alegizandriya.  Akiri muto yatangajwe cyane n’ubutwari bw’abakristu bamwe, batatinyaga guhamya ukwemera kwabo gutagatifu mu maso y’abarwanyaga Kiliziya. Yamaze imyaka itandatu akora umurimo w’ubusomyi. Ni we mwanditsi w’ibaruwa umwepisikopi Alegizandiri yandikiye abandi bepisikopi asobanura impamvu zatumye afungira amasakaramentu umupadiri witwa Ariyusi wari umuyobe hamwe n’abari bamushyigikiye. Ayo masakaramentu Ariyusi n’abemera ibye bayamufungiwe muri Sinodi yabereye i Alegizandriya muri 321.

Ubwo Atanazi yari umudiyakoni akaba n’umunyamabanga w’umwihariko w’u mwepisikopi alegizandiri, yamuherekeje mu nama nkuru ya Kiliziya yabereye i NISE (Nicée) kuva mu mpera za Gicurasi kugeza kuri 25 Kanama 325. Iyo nama na yo yaciye Ariyusi n’inyigisho ze zahakanaga ko Yezu ari Imana, ihamya rwose ko Yezu ari Imana, kandi ko ahwanye na se muri kamere y’Ubumana. Ubuyobe bwa Ariyusi bugitangira, hagati ya 318 na 320, bwahunganije abantu benshi, haba abashyigikira Ariyusi, n’abandi baguma ku nyigisho za Kiliziya, nka Atanazi utarigeze yemera izo nyigisho, agakomeza kwifatanya n’abayobozi ba Kiliziya. Ndetse ari no ku ilisiti y’abadiyakoni basinye bamagana ubwo buyobe. Mbere y’uko umwepisikopi Alegizandiri apfa kuwa 17 Mata 328, yasize avuze ko Atanazi ari we uzamusimbura ku ntube y’ubushumba. Aligisanderi amaze gupfa abakristu b’i Alegizandriya batora, Atanazi ngo ababere Umwepisikopi, ayobora diyosezi imyaka 45. Atanazi yagizwe umwepisikopi kuwa 8 Kamena 328, nuko guhera muri 329, atangira ingendo za gishumba asura uduce twinshi twa diyosezi ye.

Nyuma y’aho, abayoboke ba Ariyusi barwanya Atanazi bikomeye, bashyigikiwe na bamwe mu bepisikopi, nka Ewuzebiyo w’i Nikomediya na Joriji wo muri Kapadosiya, umwami w’abami Konsitantini n’abandi bami bamwe na bamwe bakurikiyeho. Bakagira kandi n’amashami yayobye avutse kuri uwo Ariyusi. Muri ayo mashami twavugamo : abakurikiye uwitwa Sabeliyusi, n’uwitwa Melitiyosi. Mu bepisikopi bakaze barwanyaga Atanazi harimo uwitwa. Abo banzi ba Atanazi bamuhimbiraga ibirego bikomeye bagamije kumuteranya n’umwami, harimo no kubuza ingano zo mu misiri kwerekeza mu murwa mukuru Konsitantinopule. Mu gihe Atanazi yatotezwaga, hari abandi bepisikopi batari bashyigikiye ubuyobe bwa Ariyusi. Abo, kimwe na Atanazi, baje guhungira i Roma kwa Papa Juliyusi I, nyuma Papa amaze kugisha inama, yerekana ko ari bo bari mu murongo wa Kiliziya Gatolika. 

Icyo gihe abepisikopi bashyigikiye Ariyusi bakuragaho abatamushyigikiye bakishyiriraho ababo. Papa Yuliyusi I yandikiye abakirisitu bose abamenyesha ko umwepisikopi wahohotewe atyo akwiye kujya kwa Papa kugira ngo abe ari we ukemura ikibazo. Nyuma yo gutotezwa n’abami babaga bashigikiye inyigisho za Ariyusi, Atanazi yahunze igihugu cye inshuro eshanu zose. Kuva yaba umwepisikopi, abanzi ba Kiliziya ntibahwemye kumurwanya ; na we rero akaba nk’igishyitsi badapfa kurimbura, arwanirira ukwemera kwa Kiliziya, agakangaranya abanzi be n’aba Kiliziya. Atanazi yari afite umutima ukomeye, akagira n’ubutagatifu bugaragarira benshi, n’inyigisho abarwanya Kiliziya badapfa guhangara. Ariyusi yaje gupfa nabi, n’abamukurikiye bagenda bazimira gahoro gahoro. Mu mateka ya Kiliziya Atanazi ni umuntu warwaniye ishyaka inyigisho ziboneye za Kiliziya (père de l’orthodoxie).  Yaraharaniye kwerekana no guhamya ko Kristu ari Imana rwose (champion de la divinite du Christ).

Uyu Ariyusi wagize abami n’abepisikopi bamushyigikiye, ntiyemeraga ko Kristu ari Imana, yigishaga ko Kristu yaremwe n’Imana Data kandi akaba adafite ububasha nk’ubw’Imana Data. Atanazi we yigishaga ko Kristu ari Imana ikomoka ku Mana, ko yabyawe, ko ataremwe, ko asangiye kamere na se (consubstantialité). Byumvikana neza ko, Atanazi yigishaga inyigisho tubona ubu mu NDANGAKWEMERA ya Kiliziya Gatolika. Mu nyigisho ze yaravugaga, ati : “Umuntu ntiyarokoka iyo Kristu ataba Imana ku buryo bwuzuye”. Atanazi yapfuye kuwa 2 Gicurasi mu mwaka wa 373. Tumwizihiza kuwa 2 Gicurasi buri mwaka.

Ngwino unyikirize

Ngwino unyikirize,

banguka untabare Nyagasani,

ni wowe uzi neza ubupfu bwanjye,

ukaba Imana icubya uwikuza,

igakiza uwiyoroheje.

Wowe utuzura n'ikibi,

girira impuhwe zawe umbesheho,

maze nzakurikuze ugushaka kwawe ko kuzangeza mu byishimo by'ijuru.

Mana Nyirubutagatifu,

rengera umugaragu wawe w'umunyantegenke,

umutere kudaheranwa n'inzira ziganisha mu rupfu,

bityo ku munsi wihitiyemo nzapfane umutima ukwiriye abana bawe,

Amina!

Tumenye Mutagatifu Floriyani, Uwahowe Imana

« ... yaba yarigeze kuzimya umuriro wagurumanaga ku nzu yose, agasukaho akadobo kamwe k’amazi… bamugaragaza ari kumwe n’umumalayika uri gusuka amazi ku muriro… »

Mutagatifu Floriyani w’i Lorshi yavutse mwaka wa 250 apfa muri 304. Yabayeho mu gihe cy’umwami w’abami Diyoklesiyani. Floriyani yari umusirikare ufite umwanya ukomeye mu gisirikare cya Roma y’icyo gihe. Yabaga ahitwa Norikumu, ayobora umutwe w’abasirikare bashinzwe kuzimya umuriro. Mutagatifu Floriyani yari umuvandimwe wa mutagatifu Florenti wa Anju. Bombi bakuriye hafi y’inkombe z’uruzi rwa Danube. Igihe Perefe Akwiliyani abaciriye urubanza rwo gupfa, Florenti we yarokotse ku buryo bw’igitangaza, maze asezera ku muvandimwe we. Bavuga ko mutagatifu Floriyani yaba yarigeze kuzimya umuriro wagurumanaga ku nzu yose, agasukaho akadobo kamwe gusa k’amazi. Ni yo mpamvu bamugaragaza ari kumwe n’umumalayika uri gusuka amazi ku muriro.

Mu gihe cye, ubwami bwa Roma bwari bwibasiye kurwanya abakristu, bukanabuza ko ubukristu bwabo bwakwira hose. Muri icyo gihe kandi abanyaroma bohereje umutegetsi witwaga Akwilinusi ahitwa Lauriacum mu gihugu cya Otrishiya y’ubu kugira ngo atoteze cyane abakristu. Nuko Akwilinusi asaba Floriyani gutura igitambo ikigirwamana cy’abanyaroma. Floriyani wari umukristu arabyanga, nuko arafatwa arakubitwa kandi agirirwa nabi cyane. Bigeze aho bamujugunya mu Kiyaga cya Enns bamuhambiriyeho ikibuye kinini cyane.

Bavuga ko nyuma y’aho, umugore witwa Valeriya yarose, maze muri izo nzozi Floriyani amusaba ko yashyingurwa mu cyubahiro ahantu hakwiye. Umurambo wa Floriyani waba warabanje gushyingurwa mu kigo cy’abihayimana kitiriwe mutagatifu Floriyani, nyuma ujyanwa ahitwa Linz. Andi mateka yemeza ko umurambo wa Floriyani waba warajyanywe i Roma nyuma ukajyanwa i Krakoviya mu gihugu cya Polonye. Twizihiza Mutagatifu Floriyani kuwa 4 Gicurasi. Ni umurinzi w’igihugu cya Polonye.

Aho byavuye: 

1. ABATAGATIFU MU MINSI Y’UMWAKA, Ed. De l’imprimerie de Kabgayi, 2eme ed. sept. 2015. P.137.   
2. https://nominis.cef.fr/contenus/saint/1089/Saint-Florian.html 

Abatagatifu Filipo na Yakobo, Intumwa

Abatagatifu Filipo na Yakobo, Intumwa

Mutagatifu Filipo Intumwa

Ni umwe mu Ntumwa cumi n’ebyiri, akaba uwa gatanu mu Ntumwa Yezu Kristu yatoye. I Galileya ni ho yavukiye, ni uwo mu mujyi wa Betsayida, ku nkombe y’ikiyaga cya Tiberiya, umujyi wavukiyemo Petero na Andereya. Ivanjili ya Yohani Mutagatifu itubwira uko Filipo yatowe na Yezu, n’uko yazanye inshuti ye yitwa Natanayeli akayereka Yezu. Mu Ivanjili ya Yohani kandi, Yezu amwerekana nk’umunyamabanga we inshuro eshatu. Mbere y’uko Yezu akora igitangaza cyo gutubura imigati, yabanje kuvugana na Filipo (Yh, 6, 5-7) ndeste n’Abagereki, ni we babanje gusaba kubona Yezu. (Yh, 12, 21-22).

Izina Filipo bisobanura ‘umunwa w’itara’, cyangwa umuntu ukunda iby’agaciro ko hejuru. (Philos: urukundo, uper: hejuru). Bishobora no gusobanura kandi ‘ukunda amafarasi’. Filipo ni we wasabye Yezu ko yabereka Se (Yn, 14, 7-12). Yezu amaze gufatwa, mu murima w’imizeti, Filipo yarahunze, nk’uko byagendekeye izindi Ntumwa. Nyuma ya Penekositi, Filipo yaba yaragiye kwamamaza Inkuru Nziza ya Yezu Kristu mu karere ka Aziya no mu Bugereki, yigisha abaturage bitwa abasite (Scythes), abanyagalati, n’Abanyafirijiya. Abayahudi baramwangaga cyane ku buryo umuherezabitambo mukuru yigeze kumufata amukubitisha ibiboko.

Abaturage bakunze inyigisho ze nshya kandi biteguye kuzakira nk’uko uwo munyabitangaza ukomeye yari azibazaniye. Ariko abategetsi bakomeye bo muri uwo mujyi bafata Filipo, bamukubita ibiboko, baramubamba, barangije bamutera amabuye menshi, apfa atyo, ahagana mu mwaka wa 80, apfira ahitwa Hiyerapolisi (Hierapolis) muri Firijiya (Phrygie). Ubu hitwa Pamukale, muri Turukiya. Ni yo mpamvu bamwerekana ku mashusho ari umukambwe, afite agataro karimo amababi, afite n’umusaraba ufite inkoni eshatu zitambitse.

Umunsi umwe, abaturage b’uwo mujyi barimo batura ububani ikiyoka kinini cyari imwe mu mana zabo zikomeye, Filipo abagirira impuhwe, arapfukama, asaba Imana kubakiza iyo shitani yari yarihinduye ikiyoka. Muri ako kanya icyo kiyoka gihita gipfa. Filipo yishwe ku ngoma ya Domisiyani.  Ni Papa Pelaje I, mu gisekuruza cya VI, i Roma yubatseyo   Kiliziya yeguriwe Intumwa cumi n’ebyiri, ubwo nibwo yategetse ko ibisigazwa bya Mutagatifu Filipo kimwe n’ibya Mutagatifu Yakobo mwene Alufeyi, byakurwa i Hierapolis, bikajyanwa i Roma. Twizihiza Mutagatifu Filipo, ku itariki 3 Gicuransi.

Mutagatifu Yakobo muto, Intumwa (Jacques, le mineur),

Mutagatifu Yakobo, Intumwa na we tumwibuka kuwa 3 Gicurasi. Ni we bise muto kugirango batamwitiranya na Yakobo, mukuru wa Yohani Intumwa. Yakobo ni uwo mu muryango wa Yuda, akaba mubyara wa Yezu. Bavuga ko ku mubiri yajyaga gusa na Yezu, ndetse n’igihe Yezu asubiriye mu Ijuru, abavugaga Yezu bamubwira abataramubonye bavugaga ko yenda gusa na Yakobo. Yakobo muto avukana na Mutagatifu Tadeyo. Uyu murumuna we batorewe rimwe kuba intumwa. Nyuma ya Pentekositi, Intumwa zagiye mu mahanga kwigisha, Yakobo muto we aguma i Yeruzalemu, nuko yihatira kujijura abayahudi.

Yari umuntu wubashywe, afite ijambo muri Kiliziya ya mbere. Mu nama nkuru y’i Yeruzalemu ni we wahagurutse avuga akurikiye Petero mutagatifu. Tumukesha ibaruwa nziza iri muri Bibiliya ntagatifu. Yahinduye abayahudi benshi, harimo n’abakomeye, bimutera gutotezwa cyane. Umunsi umwe, Abakuru b’abayahudi baramufatisha, bamwuriza irembo rya Hekaru hejuru cyane. Mbere yo kumujugunya iyo hasi, babanje kumusaba ngo ababwire ukuri kwerekeye Yezu. Nuko Yakobo mutagatifu arabasubiza ati kuki mumbaza ibyerekeye Kristu? Ubu yicaye iburyo bw’Imana Data. Kandi umunsi umwe azagaruka mumubone ahagaze ku bicu.

N’ubwo imbaga y’abari bamuteze amatwi yemeraga inyigisho ze, kubera ishyari ry’abakuru b’abayahudi, bajugunye Yakobo hasi, ahanuka hejuru cyane aravunagurika ariko agira imbaraga zo gupfukama, asenga asabira abo bishi be avuga nk’uko Nyagasani Yezu yavuze ati: “ Nyagasani bababarire kuko batazi icyo bakora”. Nuko bamukubita inyundo mu mutwe, apfa ubwo. Hari muri 62.

Izi nyandiko zakungura byinshi kuri aba batagatifu:

1. ABATAGATIFU duhimbaza buri munsi, ed.Euthymia, Diyosezi Butare, Mata 2013.p.130.
2. ABATAGATIFU MU MINSI Y’UMWAKA, Ed. De l’imprimerie de Kabgayi, 2eme ed. sept. 2015.p.135-136.
3. IGITABO CY’UMUKIRISITU, Editions Pallotti Presse, 2012. p.224.
4. DIX MILLE SAINTS, Dictionnaire hagiographique cyanditwe n’Ababenedigitini b’i Ramsgate. Ed.VI., Brepols,1991. P.400 na P.266. 

Ibyo wamenya Kuri Mutagatifu Izayi, Umuhanuzi

Izina rya Izayasi rishaka kuvuga ngo “Uhoraho ararokora “cyangwa “Uhoraho we ni Umurokozi wanjye” umuhanuzi Izayasi (Yeshayahu) yavukiye muri Isiraheli mu kinyejana cya VIII mbere ya Yezu Kristu. Yabaye i Yeruzalemu hagati y’imyaka 766 na 701 mbere ya Yezu Kristu. Ni uwo mu muryango wa Yuda. Ni we muhanuzi wanditse igitabo kinini. Ni umuhanuzi wo mu Isezerano rya cyera, akaba yarabayeho ku ngoma ya Ezekiyasi. Mu

gihe cye, ubwami bwa Ashuru bwarushije ubwa Yuda ubuhangange no gukomera. Izayi rero yamenyeshaga umuryango wa Isiraheli ko wadohotse mu kuyoboka Uhoraho, kandi kubera iyo mpamvu bakazikururira uburakari bw’Uhoraho.

Umwami Manase, mwene Ezekiyasi, yatoteje abantu benshi b’intungane bo mu gihe cya Izayasi umuhanuzi.  Izayasi ni umwe mu bahanuzi bakuru bane ari bo Yeremiya, Ezekiyeli na Daniyeli. Ubwo bukuru bwabo ntibabukesha ahanini ibitabo binini banditse, ahubwo banabukesha by’umwihariko ko bahanuye amaza y’Umucunguzi mu buryo burushijeho gusobanuka. Umuhanuzi Izayi atubwira uko dutegereza Umucunguzi. Umwami w’igihangange kandi w’umucunguzi uzaza, azuzuza amasezerano yose Imana yagiriye umuryango wa Isiraheli. Azagarura abantu bari baratannye.

Ariko Izayasi avuga akomeje ati: “nimudakomera ku Mana, ntimuzakomera.” Iz 7,9. Izayasi ababajwe n’umuryango wa Isiraheli utazi kumvira Uhoraho no kuzirikana isezerano wagiranye n’uhoraho. Nuko Izayasi yumva ijwi rya Nyagasani rigira riti: “mbese ndatuma nde? Ni nde twakohereza?” nuko Izayasi arasubiza ati: “ndi hano ntuma!” Iz 6,8. Mu mwaka wa 734, ubwami bwa Damasi n’ubwa Samariya bashakaga gukurura ubwami bwa Yuda ngo bafatanye barwanye ubwami bwa Ashuru bwari bwarayogoje amahanga menshi y’icyo gihe. Nuko umuhanuzi Izayasi ahanura yerekana ko Uhoraho adashaka ko Yuda igirana igihango n’ibyo bihugu by’abapagani.

 Cyakora ibyo Izayasi yavugaga ni bake babashaga kubyumva. Muri uko kugirana igihango n’ibihugu by’abapagani, Yuda yari igiye kuyoboka ibigirwamana no kubyiringira. Yuda rero yagombaga kwiringira Uhoraho wenyine kandi akayifasha gutsinda Ashuru hatagombye gukenerwa amaboko y’abayoboke b’ikigirwamana cyitwaga Behali. Bavuga ko umwami Manase wa Yuda wari warayobotse ibigirwamana yanze kumva umuhanuzi Izayi, akaba yaramwicishije urukero, akamucamo kabiri. Twizihiza Mutagatifu Izayi ku itariki 9 Gicurasi.

(Iyi nyandiko ni iya padiri Théophile TWAGIRAYEZU, umusaseridoti wa Diyosezi ya Byumba. Ku yandi makuru ku nyandiko yakusanyije ku mibereho y'abatagatifu bariza kuri tel: 0788757494/ 0782889963, ubunyamabanga bwa SPES MEA).

Bikira Mariya, irebero ry’umukristu

Bikira Mariya

Umwamikazi wa Kibeho

Bikira Mariya afite umwanya ukomeye muri Kiliziya. Ni Nyina wa Yezu Kristu, Imana yigize umuntu. Ni Nyina w’Imana, Yezu Kristu Umwami wacu. Uyu mubyeyi ni urugero rwiza mu bandi babyeyi bose kuko yareze Imana yigize umuntu, yabanye na Yezu kugeza ndetse no ku musaraba, yakirana ukwihangana gukomeye ibyabaye byose ku mwana we. Ni we rebero ry’abakristu mu migenzo myinshi idusabanya n’Imana. Abemera Yezu Kristu bose, ababereye umubyeyi n’urugero rwiza mu kwitagatifuza. Uyu mubyeyi twarazwe ku musaraba twamwigiraho iki mu bukristu bwacu?  

Bikira Mariya, irebero mu kumvira Ijwi ry’Imana.  

Ivanjili itubwira Bikira Mariya utumwaho Malayika Gaburiyeli ngo amumenyeshe ko azabyara Yezu, Mwne Nyir’ijuru. Uyu wari umukobwa w’isugi yakiriye intumwa y’Imana, ayitega amatwi, arayisobanuza nuko yemera ibyo atumweho kuko nta kinanira Imana. Nuko arasubiza, ati “Ndi umuja wa Nyagasani; byose bimbeho nk’ukoubivuze.” (Lk.1, 26-38). Iyi myitwarire itwigisha gutega amatwi no gusobanuza. Abemera ntibakwiye kwemera ibivuzwe byose, ngo babyemere buhumyi bwitwaje rya jambo ngo “Hahirwa abemera batabanje kwirebera (Yh.20,29)”. Ni irebero mu kugira amakenga y’ibivuzwe no gushishoza bigamije kwemera ukuri kuzima. Mujye mushishoza mutazagwa mu mitego y’abigishabinyonama bitwaza ngo Imana yababwiye kandi bayibeshyera.  

Bikira Mariya, irebero mu kwicisha bugufi  

Iyo Mariya ataza kugira uyu mugenzo, kuba yari ategujwe kuzabyara Yezu, yari kubigendera, akabyiratana imihana yose mbese akaratira abandi bakobwa iryo kuzo ry’akataroboneka. Siko byagenze. Nta na hmwe mu buzimwe yigeze arangwa no kwikuza ngo aharanire icyubahiro cyo kubyava no kurera Yezu, umwana wakangaranije benshi kuva akivuka. Hari abemera bamwe bahabwa inshingano cyangwa bahivwa n’imibereho, aho gukoresha ubwo buryo basingiriza Imana mu banyantege nke bayo ugasanga ibyabo ni ‘uzi uwo ndi we?’ ikuzo no guhirwa by’iyi si ntibikatwibagize Imana yiogaragariza muri barya bashaririwe n’imibereho n’abandi tudahuje uburyo bwo kubaho. Imana ni yo igenga byose, ikwiye gusingirizwa muri byose na bose. Ibikurenze ubonye, uhuye na byo ntibikakubere isoko yo kwitotomba no gutonganya Imana. Nka Bikira Mariya, shyingura ku mutima, utuze, wegukire isengesho rishimira Imana muri byose, rikanayisaba igikwiriye.  

Bikira Mariya, irebero mu gukunda umusaraba  

Imibereho ya Bikira Mariya ntiyaranzwe n’ibyiza, cyangwa ibigezweho gusa. Tubona Mariya anyuza muri byinshi bishavuza: Mariya wabyariye ahadakwiye umubyeyi, Mariya wakira ubuhanuzi bw’uko inkota izamwahuranya, Mariya waburanye n’umwana we Yezu, Mariya uhungishiriza Yezu mu Misiri, Mariya iruhande rw’umusaraba ubambweho umwana we. Ibi byose ntibyatumye Mariya acumura cyangwa ngo yihakane Imana ahubwo yakomeje gushyingura byose ku mutima kandi akabizirikana. Abemera tumwigireho kuba inshuti z’umusaraba nka we, kudatererana abacu bugarijwe, kwemera icyo Imana idutegeste ngo kutinubira ibyago. Mariya kandi ni urugero rwiza mu gukora igikwiye no kugitoza abandi nk’uko yagiye abigaragaza mu mabonekerwa anyuranye asaba gusenga, kwihana no guhinduka nta buryarya. Ijambo ry’Imana na ryo ritubwira Mariya wishimira gukora ibikwiye no kubitoza abandi.  

Nyuma yo kwakirana ubwiyoroshye ubutumwa azaniwe na Malayika, Mariya yagiye gusura Elizabeti ngo amufashe imirimo, twumva na none Mariya atura Yezu mu Ngoro, kandi yajyanaga na Yozefu, uko umwaka utashye, guhimbaza Pasika i Yeruzalemu, … ubuzima bwa Mariya bwaraznwe no gukora igikwiye kandi akabitoza abandi, cyane cyane kumvira Yezu. Nimwibuke aho yabwiye ab’i Kana ati: “icyo ababwira cyose mugikore” (Yh. 2,5). Ni umujyanama mwiza uhamagarira ebemera bose gukora igwikwiye. Igikwiye nta kindi ni ukumvira amategeko n’amabwiriza bigamije kudusabanya n’Imana ndetse n’abavandimwe bacu. Igikwiye ni ukumvira Umwana we mu mibereho ya buri munsi.  

Bikira Mariya, irebero ry’umukristu tmwigireho iyi migenzo myiza:  

1. Ubusugi bwe butigeze buseseka (Mt 1, 18-25; Lk 1, 26-38).
2. Umubyeyi Bikira Mariya atwigisha kubaho turangamiye Imana, twigana kandi dukurikiye Yezu, dusabanye n’Imana n’abavandimwe bacu.
3. Kwemera, kwakira n’ubuhanga bwo kuzirikana Ijambo ry’Imana (Lk 1, 26-28; 1, 45; 2,19; 11, 27-28).
4. Gusabana icyizere Umwana we. (Yn 2, 1-11).
5. Ukumvira nk’abiyeguriye Imana ku bwa Batisimu twahawe no kwicisha bugufi no koroshya ubuzima (Lk 1, 38. 48).
6. Urukundo rwemera kwitangira abandi (Lk 1, 39-56) no kwikomezamo imbaraga mu gihe cy’amage, no mu bubabare. (Lk 2, 34-35. 48-49).
7. Gukurikirana ubuzima bwa Yezu kuva avuka kugeza igihe apfiriye akanazuka (Lk 2, 1-7; Yh 19, 25-27)’…