Mutagatifu Mariko, Umwanditsi w’Ivanjili

Bikekwa ko uyu mutagatifu Mariko ari wa musore uvugwa mu Ivanjili ya Mariko (Mk.14: 51-52) wahunze igihe Nyagasani Yezu afashwe. Akaba ari na we kandi Yohani wahimbwaga izina rya Mariko (Intu.12:35). Izina rye rya kiyahudi ni Yohani naho izina rya Mariko ni izina ry’akabyiniriro ry’abaromani. Mariko ashobora kuba yaravukiye mu mujyi wa Sirene mu karere ka Libiya, akarere kabaga mu ntara zategekwaga n’abaromani. Abantu bo mu bwoko bw’aba Beriberi bagabye igitero ku bayahudi babaga muri ako karere, nuko ababyeyi ba Mariko bahungira mu gihugu cya Isiraheli mu ntara ya Galileya. Birashoboka ko Mariko yaba yarabaye muri rya tsinda ry’abigishwa 72 ba Yezu Kristu.

Mariko yabanje kujyana na Pawulo na Barinaba mu rugendo rwabo rwa mbere (Intu.3,4). Babanje kujya kwamamaza Inkuru Nziza ya Yezu Kristu ku kirwa cya Shipure, aho Barinaba yavukaga. Pawulo ni we wari uyoboye iryo tsinda ry’abogezabutumwa. Bavuye aho bajya mu mujyi wa Perije. Bagezeyo, Mariko yavuye muri iryo tsinda, ajya i Yeruzalemu (Intu.13,13). Yongeye gusanga Pawulo na Barinaba mu mujyi wa Antiyokiya. Barinaba yashatse ko bongera kujyana na Mariko mu butumwa ariko Pawulo aranga. Nuko Barinaba afata Mariko basubira kwamamaza Ivanjili mu kirwa cya Shipure na ho Pawulo ajyana na Silasi.

Nyuma y’imyaka igera ku icumi ni bwo Mariko yongeye guhura na Pawulo wari imfungwa i Roma. Icyo gihe Mariko yari yarahuye na Petero ari umwigishwa we bakajyana aho Petero agiye hose. Icyo gihe kandi Mariko na we yayoboraga amakoraniro y’abayahudi b’abakristu yari i Roma. Mariko agaragara mu mateka nk’uwaherekezaga Petero mutagatifu aho agiye kwigisha ijambo ry’Imana hose. Abakristu b’i Roma ni bo bamusabye ko yandika ibyo Petero yavugaga bityo abikubira mu Ivanjili yamwitiriwe. Mariko ni umwe mu banditsi bane b’Ivanjili. Kuba yarabanye na Petero byatumye amenya byinshi ku mibereho ya Yezu Kristu, yanditse rero ashingiye ahanini ku byavugwaga na Petero Intumwa.  Petero Mutagatifu amwita umwana we (1Pet.5:13), akaba yari amubereye umwigishwa n’umusemuzi.

Mariko ntiyakurikiye Petero mutagatifu aho yari ajyanywe kwicirwa ahowe Imana. Ariko Petero mutagatifu ni we wamwohereje kujya kwamamaza Inkuru Nziza ya Yezu Kristu mu mujyi wa Alegizandiriya, mu Misiri no mu tundi turere twa Afurika. Aho arangirije kwandika Ivanjili, Petero Mutagatifu yamutumye i Alegizandiriya, umurwa wahurirwagamo n’abantu b’amahanga yose y’icyo gihe. Nuko arahigisha, benshi barahindukira kuba abakristu. Ni yo mpamvu ababaga bigishijwe neza ubukristu bakabatizwa basubiraga iwabo bakigisha abandi. Ni muri ubwo buryo Mariko yabashije kwigisha abantu batabarika bakomokaga mu bihugu byinshi, bityo ubukristu bugenda burushaho gushinga imizi.

Mariko Mutagatifu yakoze umurimo yari yashinzwe agenda amahanga menshi, ayashyiriye Ijambo ry’Imana. By’umwihariko, Alegizandiriya yabaye igicumbi cy’urwo rumuri ku buryo Ivanjili yahise icengera mu batuye uwo mujyi. Kubera ishyari, abanyamisiri bamwe barwanyaga ubukristu barakajwe cyane n’umubare w’abakristu warushagaho kwiyongera, nuko bigira inama yo kwica Mariko, batangira gushaka uburyo bamufata. Kugira ngo Mariko ahe ingufu umurimo yatangiye, yashyizeho abasaseridoti b’inyangamugayo kandi bafite ishyaka ryo kwamamaza Ivanjili nuko ahunga abanzi be bamutegaga imitego, ajya kwamamaza Ivanjili ahandi. Hashize iminsi amenya inkuru nziza ko Kiliziya ya Alegizandiriya ikomeye mu bukristu. Yaragarutse yongera kwigisha, abantu benshi barahinduka ndetse n’ibitangaza yakoraga bigashyigikira umurimo we, bituma abapagani barushaho kurakara cyane.

Igihe kimwe, Baramufashe, bamuzirika umugozi mu ijosi, baramukurubana, bamujyana ahantu hari ibibuye n’ibitare. Bamaze kumukurura igihe kirekire muri ibyo bibuye bamujugunye mu buroko. Muri ubwo buroko Nyagasani yaramukomeje ngo arwane urugamba kugeza ku isaha ya nyuma yo kubaho kwe. Bukeye bwaho, Mariko bamukuye mu buroko bongera kumuzirika umugozi mu ijosi, bamutura hasi, bamukurura hasi bavuza induru nyinshi kubera uburakari. Muri ubwo bubabare Mariko ntiyahwemye gushimira Imana no kuyisaba ngo imugirire impuhwe.  Bakomeje kumukurura muri bya bibuye, bimwe akabyikubitaho ibindi bikamukomeretsa bigeza ubwo ashizemo umwuka apfa avuga ati: « Nyagasani, nshyize roho yanjye mu maboko yawe ». Nta washoboye kumenya neza ariko igihe bamwiciye. Yaba yarapfuye mu mwaka wa 75 nyuma ya Yezu. Tumwizihiza ku itariki 25 Mata.

Aho byavuye:

IGITABO CY’UMUKIRISITU, Editions Pallotti Presse, 2012. p.224.

DIX MILLE SAINTS, Dictionnaire hagiographique cyanditwe n’Ababenedigitini b’i Ramsgate. Ed.VI. Brepols,1991. p.331.

ABATAGATIFU duhimbaza buri munsi, ed. Euthymia, Diyosezi Butare, Mata 2013, p117-118.                                                                                                                                                        

ABATAGATIFU MU MINSI Y’UMWAKA, Ed. De l’imprimerie de Kabgayi, Icapwa rya kabiri, Nzeri 2015. P.127-128.

https://magnificat.ca/cal/fr/saints/saint_marc.html 

http://www.cassicia.com/FR/Vie-de-saint-Marc-deuxieme-des-quatre-Evangelistes-Fete-le-25-avril-Il-fut-premier-Eveque-d-Alexandrie-Mort-martyr-en-68-No_518.htm