Tuesday, April 26, 2022

Tumenye Mutagatifu Joriji, uwahowe Imana

Ishusho ya mutagatifu Joriji

Joriji (Georges) yavukiye i Mazaka mu ntara ya Kapadosiya (ubu ni muri Turukiya). Yavutse hagati ya 275 na280. Se witwaga Jerontiyusi, wari uwo mu mfura zo muri Arumeniya, yaje kuba i Kapadosiya mu ngabo z’abanyaroma. Nyina witwaga Polikroniya yari yaravukiye muri Palesitina na yo ikaba yari intara y’abanyaroma. JORIJI akivuka, byagaragaye ko yari afite amagara make. Joriji agejeje imyaka 10, se yaguye ku rugamba, nuko Nyina Polikroniya asubira muri Yudeya, atura mu karere ka Lida (Lydda), kitwaga Diospolis, ubu hakaba hitwa Lod. Kuba se wa Joriji yari umusirikare w’ikirangirire, byafashije Joriji kwiga amashuri meza. Ku myaka 15, yagiye i Nikomediya, ahageze agirwa umwe mu ngabo z’abanyaroma. Nuko JORIJI ajya kwiyereka umwami Diyoklesiyani, amubonamo ishusho ya se wari warasangiye ubutwari ku rugamba n’umwami. Nuko umwami amushinga ingabo zihariye zirinda umwami, zirwanira ku mafarasi.

Hakurikijwe ubumenyi bwe mu by’urugamba ndetse n’inkomoko ya nyina, JORIJI yashyizwe mu rwego rw’abasirikare bakuru cyane bagombaga gushyirwa ahantu hari abaturage bakunze kwigomeka ku mwami. Ashingwa gukemura amakimbirane yakundaga kuvuka hagati y’umwami n’uturere dutandukanye two muri ubwo bwami. Muri icyo gihe, umwe mu batware bakomeye b’umwami, witwaga Magizanse yumvisha umwami Diyoklesiyani ko agomba gutoteza abakirisitu mu bwami hose, agategeka abayobozi bose gusenga ikigirwamana cy’izuba.

Ku itariki 24 Gashyantare muri 303, umwami yaiye iteka ryo gusenya za kiliziya z’abakirisitu, no gutoteza mbere na mbere abayobozi ba Kiliziya uhereye ku bepiskopi. Kiliziya ya mbere ikomeye yasenywe ni iy’i Nikomediya. Ibitabo bya misa byaratwitswe, abakirisitu bamburwa ubwenegihugu, Joriji agerageza kubuza umwami gukora iryo toteza biba iby’ubusa. Nuko JORIJI asubiza umwami inkota yari afite nk’ikimenyetso cy’uko yeguye ku mirimo ya gisirikare. Ava i Nikomediya, asubira mu mujyi we kavukire. Ageze i Mazaka, asanga nyina wari urembye, maze nyina yishimira icyemezo Joriji yafashe. Nyina amaze gupfa, Joriji afata umutungo we bwite awugabanya abakene, atangira umugambi wo kujya i Yeruzalemu gusura ahantu Yezu Kristu yanyuze mu nzira ye y’umusaraba. Ariko kubera itotezwa ryari rikabije, ahagarika uwo mugambi, asubira i Nikomediya.

Igihe yari muri urwo rugendo, anyura i Lida, asenya agatsiko k’abajura b’abaperisi kari kayobowe n’uwiyitaga Nahfr ‘Kiyoka kinini’ (dragon). Uwo kiyoka yihishaga mu gishanga n’ingabo ze, akica ingabo zose zimugabweho. Birangira ategetse ako karere kumuha ituro ry’intama ebyiri buri munsi cyangwa kumuha umucakara igihe yabaga amukeneye. Joriji ahageze, asaba gusa ko abaturage bemera kuba abakirisitu maze akabakiza uwo kiyoka. Nuko Joriji ajya guhiga uwo mugabo witwaga kiyoka, amutera icumu arapfa, ingabo ze zifatwa mpiri, nuko ako karere gasubirana agahenge.

Ageze i Nikomediya, asura abakirisitu bari bafunzwe. Diyoklesiyani amutumaho ibwami, amubuza gukora ibikorwa by’ubukirisitu, amutegeka gusubira mu gisirikare. Mu nzira avuye ibwami, JORIJI asenya icyapa cyategekaga abantu gusenga ikigirwamana kitwaga Apoloni. Nuko kubera iyo mpamvu, arafatwa, agirirwa nabi cyane, bagerageza kumwica bamuteye amacumu mu nda ariko, ku bw’igitangaza ntiyapfa. Ahubwo ibyo bituma ab’ibwami bakomeye bamwe bahinduka abakirisitu barimo Prisca (ahandi bavuga ko yitwaga Alegisandra), umugore w’umwami, abaguverineri b’Iburasirazuba barimo uwitwaga Anatole na Protole, hamwe n’umurinzi w’uburoko yari afungiwemo. Alegizandra we ntibahise bamwica, ahubwo bamusabye kuva ibwami. Naho Anatole na Protole bacibwa imitwe.

Kugira ngo hatagira uwo Joriji yongera guhindura umukrisitu, bamuciriye urubanza rwo gupfa. Nuko acibwa umutwe, ku wa gatanu tariki ya 23 Mata muri 303, afite imyaka 22. Abakirisitu baza rwihishwa batwara umurambo we, bawushyingura i Lida. Nyuma y’itotezwa, hubatswe kiliziya yamwitiriwe. Yubakwa aho yiciye wa mugome Nahfr (Kiyoka). Papa Gelaze wa I yamwanditse mu gitabo cy’abatagatifu mu mwaka wa 494. Ubutagatifu bwa JORIJI bwamamaye vuba na vuba mu bihugu by’Uburayi. Mu Bwongereza ho batangiye kumwambaza mu kinyejana cya munani. Mu gihe cyo hambere Joriji yari umutagatifu murinzi wa Kiliziya y’Ubwongereza. Akaba n’umurinzi w’abasikuti. Tumwizihiza kuwa 23 Mata.

Byinshi kuri mutagatifu Joriji, wasoma ibi:

  • IGITABO CY’UMUKIRISITU, Editions Pallotti Presse, 2012. p.224.  
  • DIX MILLE SAINTS, Dictionnaire hagiographique cyanditwe n’Ababenedigitini b’i Ramsgate. Ed.VI., Brepols,1991. p.219.
  • ABATAGATIFU duhimbaza buri munsi, ed. Euthymia, Diyosezi Butare, Mata 2013.p.114                                  
  • ABATAGATIFU MU MINSI Y’UMWAKA, Ed. De l’imprimerie de Kabgayi, Icapwa rya kabiri, Nzeri 2015. p.126.

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