Amateka ya Mutagatifu Nestori, Umwepiskopi wahowe Imana

 

“ugatinyuka ukatwitira imana amashitani?”…“imana zanyu ni ko bazita, si njye utangiye kuzita ntyo. Kandi rero abo shitani zihanzeho, bagakizwa barabyiyemerera kugeza ubu.”

Mu kinyejana cya gatatu, Nestori yabaye umwepiskopi wa Majidosi mu ntara ya Pamfiliya, ubu ni mu gihugu cya Turukiya. Igihe iteka ritoteza abakirisitu ry’umwami w’abami witwaga Desi ritangajwe, abantu bose babonaga ko Nestori ari we uzafatwa mbere kuko n’abapagani bari bazi ko ari umuntu udahemuka mu kwemera. Yari umuntu wubashywe cyane mu gihugu wahisemo kumvira Ibyandistwe bitagatifu aho kumvira abantu. Igihe cye cyo guhorwa ukwemera cyegereje, yasabye abakiristu be guhunga nyamara we ntiyahunga. Ubwo boherezaga abamufata, yarabimenye, aho kubahunga arabasanganira, na bo bamushyira abacamanza. Nestori ahageze, abacamanza barahagurutse kuko bari bamwubashye nuko bamwicaza ku ntebe hafi yabo kubera icyo cyubahiro. Nestori ababaza icyo ahamagariwe, bati: “ntukiyobewe, ni ukugira ngo utubwire ko wemera gukurikiza iteka rya Kayizari ryo gusenga imana z’igihugu n’iz’abanyaroma”. Nestori ati: “iteka nzi ry’iyobokamana ni iry’Imana nzima; irya Kayizari sindizi.” Bakomeza kumwiginga bati: “Nestori, emera ku neza gusenga imana Kayizari ashaka ko zisengwa, widutera kugucira urubanza.”

Nestori ntiyava ku izima, arabasubiza ati: “Nemeye kumvira gusa amategeko matagatifu y’umwami w’isi n’ijuru.” Nuko umucamanza ararakara, arahaguruka, ati: “uhanzweho na shitani.” Nestori ati: “icyaguha ari wowe kudahangwaho n’amashitani, wowe uyasenga”. Iki gisubizo ubwacyo cyashegeshe abacamanza kandi gikomeza kubarakaza cyane. Umucamanza yabwiye Nestori ati: “ugatinyuka ukatwitira imana amashitani?” Nestori aramusubiza ati: “ imana zanyu ni ko bazita, si njye utangiye kuzita ntyo. Kandi rero abo shitani zihanzeho, bagakizwa barabyiyemerera kugeza ubu.” Umucamanza, wibwiraga ko Nestori aribuze kugamburuzwa n’ububabare, ati: “wanze kwemera ku neza ko imana dusenga atari amashitani, uraza kubyemezwa n’inabi.” Nibwo Nestori akoze ikimenyetso cy’umusaraba, ati: “mwinkangisha ububabare bw’umubiri. Ntinya gusa ubwo nagira ari igihano cy’Imana yanjye. Ubwo wantera wowe na guverineri simbutinya; ntibuteze kandi kumbuza gusenga Krisitu, Mwene Imana nzima.” Abari aho bamaze kubona ko Nestori adahinduka ngo asenge imana zabo, bamujyana kwa guverineri, bibwira ko wenda yaza guhinduka.

Guverineri yabajije Nestori izina rye, Nestori ati: “Ndi umukirisitu.” Guverineri ati: “sinkubaza icyo uri cyo cyangwa ubwoko bwawe, ndakubaza izina ryawe.” Nestori aramusubiza ati: “ndi umukirisitu, na ho iry’ababyeyi bampaye ni Nestori.” Guverineri ati: ngaho, senga imana zacu utaruhije. Uramutse wanze kuzisenga nkakwica nabi. Wakwemera nkandikira Kayizari akakugira umuherezabitambo mukuru w’imana zacu.” Nestori ati: “rekera aho, ntabwo nteze guhakana umwami wanjye Yezu Kristu n’aho wagira ute!” nuko bamurambika ku gitanda gifite rasoro zikurura amaguru n’amaboko impande zose byo kuyatanya.

N'ubwo yababazwaga bikomeye, ntibyamubujije gusingiza Imana, avuga aya magambo ya zaburi ngo: “Izina ry’Imana nzarisingiza iteka, ikuzo rye rimpore ku rurimi.” Nestori yakomeje gusubiza neza, bigakoza isoni abashakaga kumutesha ukwemera gutagatifu, birabarakaza cyane bati: “nibamubambe ku musaraba nka Kirisitu we akomeyeho atyo.”  Nuko bawumubambaho, apfa asabira abakiristu kudahakana no kutamuhemukira Uwabapfiriye ku musaraba. Hari mu mwaka wa 251. Kiliziya imwizihiza kuwa 26 Gashyantare.

Ushobora no gusoma ibi: ABATAGATIFU MU MINSI Y’UMWAKA, Ed. De l’imprimerie de Kabgayi, Icapwa rya kabiri,.Nzeri 2015.p.84. na DIX MILLE SAINTS, Dictionnaire hagiographique cyanditwe n’Ababenedigitini b’i Ramsgate. Ed.VI., Brepols,1991.p.368.

Mutagatifu Polikaripo, umwigishwa wa Yohani Intumwa

 “Sinkwirengagije kubera ko ntakuzi; nkwirengagije ahubwo kuko nkuzi neza, burya nzi ndetse ko uri imfura mu bana b’abahungu Shitani ibyaye.”

Amateka y’ubuzima bwa Mutagatifu Polikaripo

Mutagatifu Polikaripo akomoka mu bwami bw’abaperise akaba yarageze i Smyrne muri Turikiya y’ubu azanywe n’abacuruzi. Icyo gihe Polikaripo yaguzwe n’umugore w’umukristu kandi ugira impuhwe witwa Callista. Uwo mubyeyi yamureze neza kandi amutoza ubukristu kandi ni we yaraze ibye. Polikaripo yakoresheje uwo murage abaho ubuzima bwuje ubumunzi, ahugukira kumenya ibyandistwe bitagatifu kandi anitangira abarwayi, abamugaye n’abageze mu zabukuru. Mutagatifu Polikaripo yabaye umwigishwa wa Yohani, Intumwa yabanye na Yezu. Ni Yohani wamutoreye kuba umwepiskopi wa kabiri wa Diyosezi ya Smyrne (ubu ni Izmir muri Turikiya), nuko yitangira umurimo ukomeye wo kwamamaza Inkuru Nziza. Yabaye umwepiskopi w’ikirangirire mu ntangiriro za Kiliziya. Mu mwaka w’ 154 yatorewe guhagararira Kiliziya ya Aziya, hanyuma ahagana mu 160 yoherezwa i Roma, ahagarariye iyo Kiliziya, ngo aganire na papa Aniset ku ngingo zinyuranye, nk’ijyanye n’itariki ya Pasika, zatumaga kiliziya y’iburengerazuba itumvikana n’iy’iburasirazuba. Yitangiye kurwanya inyigisho zinyuranye n’ukuri gutagatifu; arangwa n’ishyaka rya Kiliziya ku buryo bwose, yamamaza Ivanjili uko bikwiye kugeza ubwo yemera no kuzira izina rya Kristu. Polikaripo yabaye inshuti ikomeye ya mutagatifi Inyasi wa Antiyokiya; rimwe Mutagatifu Inyasi yamwandikiye aya magambo:

Umunsi umwe, umukristu wari warataye ubukirisitu yihandagaje cyane imbere ye, Polikaripo asa n’utamureba arikomereza, nuko undi ati: “Kuki unyirengagiza ubwo ntunzi?” Polikaripo ati: “Sinkwirengagije kubera ko ntakuzi; nkwirengagije ahubwo kuko nkuzi neza, burya nzi ndetse ko uri imfura mu bana b’abahungu Shitani ibyaye.” Ayo magambo akarishye mu yavuze mu bihe Kiliziya yari itarakomera kandi itangiye gutotezwa yabaye umusemburo ku barwanyaga Kiliziya. Bidatinze, abanzi ba Kiliziya na we baramufatisha.

Igihe atungutse imbere y’umucamanza n’imbaga y’abantu yari iteraniye aho, umucamanza aramubaza ati: “Ni wowe Polikaripo?” Undi ati: “Ni njye”. Umucamanza ati: “niba waranasaze, girira izo mvi zawe, maze uvume Kristu, nkunde nkurekure utari waribwa n’intare ngo zigutanyaguze”. Polikaripo ati “namukoreye imyaka mirongo inani n’itandatu anyitura ineza gusa, Nabasha nte kumuvuma? Ni Umuremyi wanjye, Umwami wanjye n’Umukiza wanjye!” Umucamanza ati “uzi ko mfite intare ziteguye kugutanyaguza?” naho Polikaripo agakomeza guhamya Kristu nta mususu. Umucamanza ngo yumve ayo magambo yose amaze kuvuga, arabisha bikomeye, niko kutegeka ko Polikaripo bamujugunya mu itanura ryatuye. Abo bishi bashatse kumuzirika, Polikaripo arababwira ati: “Mwikwirushya mumboha; Kristu mpowe aramfasha ubwe, sindibwinyagambure na gato”. Nuko Polikaripo yubura amaso arasenga; bamujugunya mu itanura aririmba kandi asingiza Nyagasani. Hari abemeza ko uwo muriro ntacyo wamutwaye, ahubwo impumuro nziza yatamye hose ubwo umuriro wari umaze kumurengera wese hanyuma aterwa icumu mu mutima.  Polikaripo yavutse mu mwaka wa 87, ahorwa Imana mu 167. Kiliziya imwizihiza kuwa 23 Gashyantare. Ushaka kumenya byinshi wasoma kandi igitabo cyitwa ‘ABATAGATIFU duhimbaza buri munsi’, ed.Euthymia, Diyosezi Butare, Mata 2013.P.62-63.

Andi masakapulari ya Bikira Mariya

Isakapulari y’Umutima
 utagira inenge wa Bikira Mariya

Twubahe kandi twiyambaze Umutima utagira inenge wa Bikira Mariya. Tumwiyambaze uwo Mubyeyi Utarasamanywe icyaha ! ni we twarazwe ku musaraba, ni Umubyeyi w’Imana n’uwacu. Ni Umubyeyi wa Kiliziya.

• Isakapulari y’Umutima utagira inenge wa Bikira Mariya

Ni Isakapulari y’abo mu muryango w’abigishwa b’umutima y’Umutima utagira inenge wa Bikira Mariya (congrégation des fils du Cœur Immaculé de Marie, Missionnaires Claretins) washinzwe na Mutagatifu Antoni Mariya Kalare (Antoine-Marie Claret). Itandukanye n’i Isakapulari y’icyatsi nubwo zombi zifite ishusho y’Umutima wa Bikira Mariya. Igizwe n’udupande tubiri tw’ibara ryera duhujwe n’umushumi w’umweru. Iyi sakapulari ifite kandi ishusho y’Umutima utagira inenge wa Bikira Mariya (l'image du cœur immaculée de Marie d'où sort un lys). Hakaba n’ikimenyesto (le monogramme stylisé) cya Bikira Mariya ku rundi ruhande.

I Paris mu gihugu cy’ubufaransa hari umuryango w’Umutima utagira intenge wa Bikira Mariya (confrérie du cœur Immaculée de Marie de la basilique Notre- Dame-des-Victoires de Paris). Ni aho Antoni Mariya Kalare yakuye igitekerezo cyo gushinga, kuwa 1 Kanama 1847, umuryango witiranwa n’uyu nuko abawugize bakajya bambara isakapulari iriho umutima wa Bikira Mariya. Umuryango w’abihayimana yashinze mu 1849 ni wo witangiye umurimo wo kumenyekanisha iby’iyi sakapulari. Isakapulari y’Umutima utagira inenge wa Bikira Mariya yemejwe na papa Piyo wa IX mu kwezi kwa Gicurasi mu 1877. Yongeye kwemezwa bundi bushya havugururwa ibijyanye na indulujensiya mu 1907. Byakozwe n’urwego rushinzwe iby’imigenzo (la congrégation des Rites).

• Isakapulari y’ubururu ya Bikira Mariya Utasamanywe icyaha

Isakapulari y’ubururu ya Bikira Mariya
 Utasamanywe icyaha

Isakapulari y’ubururu ya Bikira Mariya Utasamanywe icyaha bakunda kwita isakapulari y’abapadiri bo mu muryango washinzwe na Mutagatifu Gaétan wa Thiène (ordre des Théatins) mu 1524 n’Ababikira biyeguriye Bikira Mariya Utasamanywe icyaha bashinzwe na Ursule Benincasa (Vénérable) mu 1538. (Le scapulaire bleu de l’Immaculée Conceptionm associé aux Théatins et Sœurs Théatines de l’Immaculée Conception de la Vierge Marie). Ni isakapulari igizwe n’ibice bibiri bifite ibara ry’ubururu, byombi bihujwe n’umushumi ushobora kugira ibara ritari ubururu. Igice kimwe kiriho ishusho y’Utasamanywe icyaha, ikindi kiriho ikimenyetso cy’izina rya Mariya (insigne du nom de Marie). Impamvu nyamukuru yo kwambara iyi sakapulari ni ukubaha Bikira Mariya Utasamanywe icyaha, gusenga basaba ko abantu bagira imyitwarire myiza no guhinduka kw’abanyabyaha.

Ursule Benincasa (Vénérable) Yatangaje ko kuwa 2 Gashyantare 1616 yabonekewe na Bikira Mariya n’Umwana Yezu. Yari yambaye umwambaro wererana utwikiriwe n’undi w’ubururu (bleu azur) amusaba gushinga umuryango w’abihayimana bambara umwambaro usa n’uwo yari yambaye. Ursule yasabye Imana abatuye isi bahabwa isakapulari yeguriwe Bikira Mariya Utasamanywe icyaha hanyuma aza kubona mu ibonekerwa abamalayika benshi batanga amasakapulari mu isi.

Mu nyandiko ye yo kuwa 30 Mutarama 1671, Papa Kelementi (Clément X) yemereye abapadiri ba Mutagatifu Gaétan (théatins) ububasha bwo guha umugisha isakapulari no kuyambika abakristu, atangaza indulujensiya ku bayambara kuwa 12 Gicuransi 1710. Izi ndulujensiya zavuguruwe na Girigori wa XVI kuwa 12 Nyakanga 1845 hanyuma kuwa 19 Nzeri 1851, Piyo wa IX yemerera umuyobozi w’abapadiri ba Mutagatifu Gaétan ububasha bwo kwemerera umupadiri wo muri uwo muryango ubisabye ububasha bwo guha umugisha isakapulari no kuyambika abakristu. Ubwo bubasha yanabuhaye kandi umuyobozi w’abamariyani (Donald Petraitis, marianiste de l'Immaculée Conception) kuwa 3 Kamena 1992, bwongera kwemezwa kuwa 19 Werurwe 2005 no kuwa 1 Nyakanga 2008.

Tumenye Isakapulari y’Amaraso Matagatifu ya Yezu

Isakapulari y’Amaraso ya Yezu

Isakapulari y’Amaraso ya Yezu bakunda kwita iy’abamisiyoneri b’Amaraso ya Yezu, umuryango washinzwe na mutagatifu Gaspard del Bufalo mu 1815 ukemerwa ku rwego rwa Kiliziya yose kuwa 17 Mata 1841 na Papa Girigori wa XVI. (Scapulaire du Précieux Sang associé aux missionnaires du Précieux Sang). Ikaba kandi iy’abo mu muryango w’Amaraso ya Yezu (archiconfrérie du précieux Sang). Nubwo bajya bayita isakapulari itukura, ntigomba kwitiranwa n’isakapulari y’umutuku y’ububabare bwa Yezu. Igizwe n’ibihande bibiri ; kimwe kiriho Yezu abambye ku musaraba cyangwa Umutima Mutagatifu wa Yezu uvuburira amaraso mu nkongoro.

Fransisko Albertini, mutagatifu Gaspard del Bufalo yari abereye umuyobozi wa roho, wari umupadiri kuri Basilika ya mutagatifu Nikola i Roma yashinze umuryango (confrérie) ngo ujye uzirikana ububabare bwa Nyagasani Yezu, uture Imana amaraso y’Umwana wayo kugira ngo uhongerere ibyaha kandi abanyabyaha bahinduke, Kiliziya ibone ibyo ikeneye banasabire roho zo muri purigatori. Hari kuwa 8 Ukuboza 1808. Ni we wakoze ishapure y’amaraso ya Yezu n’isakapulari ngo bijye biranga abo muri uwo muryango. Ibikorwa byo kwiyambaza Amaraso matagtifu ya Yezu byitangiwe kandi na Gaspard del Buffalo washinze abamisiyoneri b’Amaraso ya Yezu. Umuryango washinzwe na Fransisko Albertini wemejwe kuwa 27 Gashyantare 1809, uzamurwa mu ntera (élevé au rang d'une archiconfrérie) kuwa 26 Nzeri 1815 kandi ukungahazwa indulujensiya, zaje kuvugururwa na Papa Piyo wa IX kuwa 19 Mutarama 1850 no kuwa 30 Nzeri 1852. Nta indulujensiya zihariye zagenewe abambara iyi sakapulari.

Umuhanga w’ubumwe, umumaritiri rukumbi mu bahanga ba Kiliziya

Mutagatifu Irene w’i Liyo

ni umwe mu bakurambere ba Kiliziya, umumaritiri wambere ugeze kuri uru rwego, akaba n’uwambere wavuze iby’uruhererekane rw’inyigisho za Kiliziya avuguruza ubuyobe. Ni we uheruka abandi ku rutonde rw’abahanga ba Kiliziya, akaba n’uwambere muri uyu mwaka wa 2022.

Uwo muhanga ni muntu ki ?

Ni Umunyamahoro nk’uko izina rye risobanura, warwanije ubuyobe bwemezaga ko Yezu atari Umwana w’Imana wigize umuntu, akoresheje Ibyanditswe bitagatifu ubwenge (gnose, intelligence) bwa muntu budakwiye kuvuguruza. Ni we uheruka abandi ku rutonde rw’abahanga ba Kiliziya, akaba n’uwambere muri uyu mwaka wa 2022. Uwo ni mutagatifu Irene w’i Liyo (Irénée de Lyon). Yavukiye i Smyrne muri Aziya mu 140, apfira i Lyon mu Bufaransa muri 203, ari umwepiskopi wa kabiri wa Diyosezi ya Lyon. Yari aziranye na Mutagatifu Polikarupe Umushumba wa Smyrne akaba n’umwigishwa wa Mutagatifu Yohani Intumwa. Irene kandi yabaye umwigishwa wa mutagatifu Papiyasi nk’uko byemejwe na mutagatifu Jerome. Hari ubuhamya bwabonetse mu kinyeja cya Gatanu bwa Mutagatifu Jerome n’ubwa mutagatifu Girigori w’i Tours mu kinyejana cya gatandatu buvuga ko Irene yahowe Imana azira iteka ryo gutoteza abakristu ryaciwe n’umwami w'abami Septime Sévère. Kuva mu kinyejana cya gatanu, ibyasigaye by’umubiri we (reliques) biri muri kiliziya yamwitiriwe, hafi y’abandi bamaritiri b’i Lyon.

Akiri muto yakundaga gukurikira inyigisho za Mutagatifu Polikaripo wari umwepiskopi wa Smirni. Yize iyobokamana ku buryo bunonosoye, ndetse n’inyigisho zisobanura imibereho y’abatagatifu. Maze aho abereye umudiyakoni muri iyo Diyosezi ya Mutagatifi Polikaripo aharanira ubutungane adatezuka, abera abemera isoko y’amizero n’ibyishimo kubera umwete we mu kogeza ingoma y’Imana. Nyuma Polikaripo yamwohereje kwamamaza Ivanjili mu Bufaransa. Ahagana mu 157 ni bwo Yageze mu bufaransa, akora imirimo ya gisaseridoti yunze ubumwe na Musenyeri Potini, umwepiskopi wa mbere wa diyosezi ya Lyon (Pothin Premier évêque de Lyon). Yasomaga Misa mu kigereki kuko rwari ururimi rukoreshwa muri liturujiya icyo gihe. Yatorewe kuba umushumba wa Diyosezi ya Lyon nyuma y’uko Musenyeri Potini ahowe Imana azira itotezwa ry’abakristu ryakorwaga n’umwami w'abami Mariko Awureli (Marc Aurèle) mu 177, maze ashyigikira ukuri, yitangira kurwanya inyigishizo z’ubuyobe (hérésies des gnostiques et des valentiniens).

Ubutumwa bwa mutagatifu Irene bwaranzwe n’iyaguka ry’abamasiyoneri boherejwe na we, bagashinga amadiyosezi menshi nka Besançon na Valence. Yabaye bugufi ya Papa ubwo hari hadutse kutumvikana muri Kiliziya gushingiye ku itariki Pasika yajya yizihirizwaho. Mu gice cya Aziya, abakristu bizihizaga Pasika igihe kimwe n’abayahudi (le 14 Nisan) mu gihe ahandi bayizihiza ku cyumweru gikurikira. Mu guhosha uku kutumvikana, Irene yasabye Papa Vigitori kureka icyemezo cyo guhanisha abepiskopi b’iburengerazuba igihano cyo kubaca (excommunication). Yasabye ko buri ruhande rwakwigenga ku ngingo zitabangamira ukwemera. Niko byagenze koko, Kiliziya y’iburengerazuba yaje guhuza n’iy’iburasiravuza buhoro buhoro ku bijyanye n’igihe cyo kwizihizaho umunsi mukuru wa Pasika. 

Inyandiko za Mutagatifu Irene 

Mu nyandiko nyinshi yanditse, twavuga ivuguruza ubuyobe bw’icyo gihe (des gnostiques et des valentiniens). Mu kuvuguruza ubwo bubyobe, Irene yemeje ko amateka y’umukiro yatangajwe n’Ibyanditswe Bitagatifu, yatangijwe n’Imana, yuzurizwa muri Kristu. (L’histoire du salut est annoncée par les Écriture, commencée par Dieu et parachevée par le Christ). Ahamya ati ‘ikuzo ry’Iman ni umuntu muzima, ariko ubuzima bw’umuntu ni ishusho y’Imana. « Gloria (enim) Dei vivens homo, vita autem hominis visio Dei (« La gloire de Dieu est l'homme vivant, mais la vie de l'homme est la vision de Dieu »). Iyo nyandiko yitwa « Contre les hérésies- (Adversus Hæreses). Ni we kandi wanditse inyandiko yitwa ‘Démonstration de la prédication apostolique (Demonstratio apostolicae praedicationis)’, ikaba inshamake y’ukwemera kwa gikristu. Kuva mu 170 Irene ntiyahwemye gushyigikira ihame ry’uko amavanjili ari ane gusa nk’uko tuyazi ubu. Iyanditswe na Matayo, iyanditswe na Mariko, iyanditswe na Luka n’iyanditswe na Yohani. Aha yavuguruzaga uwitwa Marcion wemezaga ko Ivanjili yanditswe na Luka ari yo Vanjili yonyine kandi y’ukuri. Irene ni we mwanditsi wambere wavuze ko Ivanjili yanditswe na Yohani yanditswe na we koko kandi ko Ivanjili yanditswe na Luka ari iya Luka inshuti ya Pawulo. 

Mutagatifu Irene mu bahanga ba Kiliziya 

Ushaka kumenya indi nkuru wasoma:Umwalimu wa Kiliziya, ni izina ry’igisingizo

Bisabwe na Karidinali philippe Barbarin (soma Filipo Baribarini), umwepiskopi mukuru w’ 140 wa Diyosezi ya Lyon  kuwa 7 Kanama 2021, Papa Fransisko, kuwa 21 Mutarama 2022 yatangaje ko mutagatifu Irene ari umuhanga wa Kiliziya, umuhanga w’ubumwe. (Docteur de l'unité de l'Église). Yabaye ikiraro cya roho n’ubumenyamana gihuza abakristu b’iburengerazuba n’ab’iburasirazuba. Izina rye risobanura ayo mahoro aturuka kuri Nyagasani, amahoro yunga Kiliziya.  (‘Saint Irénée de Lyon, venu d'Orient, exerçait son ministère épiscopal en Occident : il était un pont spirituel et théologique entre les chrétiens d'Orient et d'Occident. Son nom, Irénée, exprime cette paix qui vient du Seigneur et qui réconcilie, réintègre dans l'unité.’ - Pape François). Mutagatifu Irene ni umwe mu bakurambere ba Kiliziya, umumaritiri wambere ugeze kuri uru rwego, akaba n’uwambere wavuze iby’uruhererekane rw’inyigisho za Kiliziya avuguruza ubuyobe (Père de l’Église, le premier à parler de la ‘Tradition’ : contre les hérétiques). Kiliziya Gatulika imwizihiza kuwa 28 Kamena buri mwaka.

Ikaze mu rugaga rw’Abepiskopi

Myr Papias MUSENGAMANA
Umushumba mushya wa Diyosezi ya Byumba 

Uyu munsi munsi tariki ya 28 Gashyantare 2022, Kiliziya y’u Rwanda yakiriye inkuru ihimbaje y’itorwa ry’umushumba mushya wa Diyosezi ya Byumba ifite icyicaro mu majyaruguru y’igihugu ariko ikaba ikora no mu burasirazuba bwacyo. Iyo ntore Nyagasani yishakiye ko yita ku bushyo bwayo muri iyi diyosezi ni iyihe ? Ni muntu ki ? Uwo utegereje kwinjira mu rugaga rw’Abepiskopi, ngo afatanye na bo kuba umurinzi w’inganzo y’ukwemera, uwo wishimiwe n’imbaga itabarika imwitezeho kuba umushumba utarumanza izo ashinzwe ni Myr Papias MUSENGAMANA utegerejwe i Byumba ngo yakiranwe ubwuzu bukwiye umushumba w’ubushyo bw’Imana. Iyi nkuru yahimbaje benshi, bayisanganije ijambo ry’ikaze ; Ikaze mu rugaga rw’Abepiskopi, ikaze muri Diyosezi ya Byumba ! Nyuma yo guhabwa inkoni y’ubushumba, Myr Papias MUSENGAMANA azaba uwa 14 mu bepiskopi ba Kiliziya y’u Rwanda.

Ushaka kumenya Abepiskopi ba Kiliziya y’u Rwanda, soma iyi nkuru : Menya Abepiskopi 13 ba Kiliziya Gatolika mu Rwanda

Myr Papias MUSENGAMANA ni muntu ki ?

Myr Papias MUSENGAMANA yavukiye muri Paruwasi ya Byimana, muri Diyosezi ya Kabgayi, tariki 21 Kanama 1967. Amashuri abanza yayigiye i Mwendo (1974-1982). Yize mu iseminari nto ya Mutagatifu Lewo ya Kabgayi (1982-1988), akomereza mu Iseminari nkuru ya Rutongo (1988-1989) mbere yo kujya kwiga Filozofiya i Kabgayi (1989-1991) na Tewolojiya i Yaoundé (Institut catholique théologique de Yaoundé, Cameroun, 1991-1996). Papias MUSENGAMANA yahawe ubupadiri kuwa 18 Gicurasi 199714 i Kabgayi. Afite impamyabumenyi y’icyicico cya gatatu cya kaminuza (Maîtrise) muri Tewolojiya yabonye mu 1996 n’iy’ikirenga yavanye muri Allemagne (Doctorat en Théologie biblique à Fribourg, Allemagne, De 1999 à 2006).

Aho aherewe ubupari, yakoze imirimo inyuranye irimo muri Diyosezi ya Kabgayi :

1.     Kuba Umunyamabanga w’Umwepiskopi (1997-1999)

2.     Kuba Padiri wungirije muri Paruwasi ya Kamonyi (2005-2006)

3.     Kuba Umunyakigega wa Diyosezi (2006-2013)

4.     Kuba Igisonga cy’ Umwepiskopi (2013-2018)

Mu 2018 nibwo Kardinali Fernando Filoni, umuyobozi w’urwego rwa Kiliziya rushinzwe iyogezabutumwa yatoreye Myr Papias MUSENGAMANA, kuyobora Iseminari Nkuru ya Nyakibanda, ibarizwa muri Diyosezi ya Butare, asimbuye Myr Dieudonné RWAKABAYIZA ukomoka muri Diyosezi ya Cyangugu. Icyo gihe atorwa yari igisonga igisonga cy’ Umwepiskopi abifatanya no kuyobora Iseminari nto ya Mutagatifu Lewo. Kuri uyu wa 28 Gashyantare 2022 nibwo umushumba wa Kiliziya ku isi papa Fransisko yamutoreye kuba umushumba wa Diyosezi ya Byumba, akaba asimbuye Myr Servilien NZAKAMWITA ugiye mu kiruhuko cy’izabukuru. Ni umushumba wa gatatu wa Diyosezi ya Byumba kuva yashingwa mu 1981, ikaragizwa Myr Yozefu RUZNDANA.

Myr Servilien NZAKAMWITA
ugiye mu kiruhuko cy’izabukuru

Myr Servilien NZAKAMWITA ugiye mu kiruhuko cy’izabukuru yavutse kuwa kuwa 20 Mata 1943, akaba afite imyaka 77. Mu bandi bashumba bayoboye za diyosezi, umugwa mu ntege ni Myr Smaragde MBONYINTEGE ufite imyaka 75, yavutse kuwa 2 Gashyantare 1947. Ukurikira ni Myr Philippe RUKAMBA ufite imyaka 74 wavutse kuwa 26 Gicurasi 1948, na Myr Anaclet MWUMVANEZA ufite imyaka 66, yavutse kuwa 4 Ukuboza 1956. Myr Papias MUSENGAMANA, ikaze mu rugaga rw’Abepiskopi, ikaze muri Diyosezi ya Byumba !

Petero Damiyani, icyamamare kizira ubwiyandarike

PETERO DAMIYANI

 AMATEKA YA MUTAGATIFU PETERO DAMIYANI

Mu 1007, Petero Damiyani yavukiye i Raveni mu Butaliyani, akaba umwana wa bucura iwabo. Ababyeyi be bari abakristu bafite ukwemera, bafite abana benshi, kandi ari abakene, bitabye Imana akiri muto bituma arerwa na mukuru we wari warubatse. Uwo muvandimwe we yamureze nk’ nk’umucakara ku buryo utari kumenya ko bavukana, nyamara Petero Damiyani we yari umwana w’imico myiza. Yihanganiraga inabi yose yagirirwaga bigatuma abantu bose bamukunda. Iyo yabonaga udufaranga hari utumuhaye yadusabishaga misa yo gusabira ababyeyi be. Uwo mutima we mwiza ni wo watumye mukuru we wundi amujyana iwe amurera neza uko ashoboye. Amujyana mu ishuri ariga, araminuza kuko yari umuhanga cyane.

Arangije kwiga yigishije mu mashuri akomeye yo mu gihugu, aba ikirangirire, ariko akomeza kuba umukristu w’ingenzi, ntiyagumya gushishikarira ubuhanga mu by’isi, ahubwo ahitamo kujya kwiyegurira Imana mu bamonaki ahitwa Fotavelani (font avellane). Petero Damiyani yihaye Imana ahanini abitewe n’uko yumvaga isi n’ikuzo ryayo byanga bikamudohora mu bukirisitu bwe, nuko yisangira abomonaki b’i Fotavelani, urugo rw’indakemwa rwareze abatagatifu benshi. Aho umukuru w’abamonaki apfiriye, Petero Damiyani yatowe nk’umukuru w’umuabamonaki. Urwo rugo aruteza imbere cyane mu by’ubutagatifu, kugeza ubwo bamwise umukurambere wabo wa kabiri. Petero Damiyani yabaye umuntu w’umuhanga kandi urangwa n’ubushishozi; Papa Sitefano wa IX yamugize intumwa ye mu bihugu byinshi by’Uburayi. Mu mwaka wa 1058 nibwo Petero Damiyani yagizwe umukaridinali n’umwepisikopi ahitwa Osti mu Butaliyani.

Petero Damiyani arwanira ishyaka Kiliziya, arigisha kandi yandika ibitabo byinshi bisobanura inzandiko ntagatifu, izirwanya ibinyoma, izirwanya kugurisha ingabire z’Imana, n’izamagana ubutinganyi bwakorwaga n’abihayimana, yarwanije cyane kandi abifuzaga ko abasaseridoti bohokera mu bikorwa by’ubusambanyi no gushaka abagore (la simonie et le nicalaïsme). Yasabaga ko Kiliziya yakwirukana abihayimana babaswe n’ingeso z’ubusambanyi zirimo n’ubutinganyi. Ibyo papa Lewo wa IX yarabyumvise maze yirukana abo bihayimana bakoraga ayo mahano kandi ntiyashigikira abifuzaga ko abapadiri begukiye ubuyobe bokongera guhabwa ubupadiri. Petero Damiyani yadukanye muri diyosezi ye imihango myinshi, cyane cyane uwo gusiba iteka ku wa gatanu no gutagatifuza uwa gatandatu (bibuka uwa gatanu mutagatifu n’uwa gatandatu wa Bikira Mariya).

Yitangiye umurimo wo kuvugurura ubukristu muri Kiliziya nk’uko byiri mu ntego z’abashumba ba Kiliziya aribo Papa Aligizandiri wa II na Papa Girigori wa VII. Petero Damiyani yagize ibyago akiri muto: yapfushije ababyeyi be bombi akiri muto kandi na nyina ntawbo yari yarashoboye kumwonsa, ahubwo yitaweho n’umuja wari warareze abana bose muri urwo rugo. Yitabye Imana mu mwaka w’1072. Papa Lewo wa XII yemeje ko mutagatifu Petero Damiyani yajya yizihizwa muri Kiliziya yose. Hari mu 1823 nuko mu 1828 amutangaza nk’umuhanga wa Kiliziya (docteur de l’Eglise). Kiliziya imwizihiza kuwa 21 Gashyantare. Ushaka kumenya byinshi wasoma igitabo cyitwa ‘ABATAGATIFU duhimbaza buri munsi’, ed.Euthymia, Diyosezi Butare, Mata 2013.P.60-61. Ndetse n’i icyitwa ‘ABATAGATIFU MU MINSI Y’UMWAKA’, Ed. De l’imprimerie de Kabgayi, Icapwa rya kabiri, Nzeri 2015.P.79-80

Isakapulari ya Bikira Mariya w’ububabare burindwi

Bikira Mariya w’ububabare burindwi

Isakapulari ya Bikira Mariya w’ububabare burindwi ikunzwe gukoreshwa n’abo mu muryango w’Abagaragu ba Mariya (servites de Marie) ariko ntihejwe mu bandi bakristu. Izwi nanone ku izina ry’isakapulari yirabura ariko abantu ntibagomba kuyitiranya n’isakapulari yirabura y’Ububabare bwa Yezu. Igizwe n’uduhande tubiri twirabura n’umushumi ushobora kugira irindi bara ritari umukara. Iyi sakapulari igira ishusho ya Bikira Mariya w’ububabare burindwi n’umutima wahuranijwe n’inkota ndwi. Intego yo kwambara iyi sakapulari ni ukogeza kwiyambaza (dévotion) ububabare bwa Yezu n’ubwa Mariya (Passion du Christ et des Douleurs de Marie) no kugira uruhare ku byiza, ibikorwa byiza n’amasengesho, byagenewe abihayimana bo mu muryango w’abagaragu ba Mariya. 

Bivugwa ko kuwa 25 Werurwe 1239, Bikira Mariya yabonekeye abacuruzi bari biyemeje gusengera ku musozi wa Senario, nyuma y’uko bavuye aho babanje, mu 1233. Ubu hubatse bazilika ya Santissima Annunziata. Abo bacuruzi ni bo bashinze umuryango w’abagaragu ba Mariya.  Bikira Mariya yababonekeye akikijwe n’abamalayika, umwe muri abo bamalayika afite umwambaro w’umukara mu biganza bye, Bikira Mariya yasabye ababonekewe ko bakwambara uwo mwambaro hamwe n’isakapulari bibuka ububabare bwa Yezu n’ubwa Bikira Mariya. Abagaragu ba Mariya nibo bitangiye umurimo wo gukwirakwiza iyo sakapulari ku bifuza kubaha ububabare bwa Bikira Mariya, bashinga imiryango (confréries) hirya no hino kugira ngo abayigize bajye bubaha by’umwihariko ububabare burindwi bwa Bikira Mariya. 

Isakapulari ya Bikira Mariya w’ububabare burindwi

Ni Nyirubutungane Papa Pawulo wa V, kuwa 14 Gashyantare 1607, wahaye ububasha umukuru w’Abagaragu ba Mariya bwo gushinga imiryango aho bakorera ubutumwa (confréries dans les églises de leurs ordres) abyemerewe n’umwepiskopi wa diyosezi. Mu nyandiko yo kuwa 18 Nzeri 1628, Nyirubutungane Papa Urubani wa VIII yashigikiye icyemezo cya mugenzi we, atanga uruhushya rwagutse rwo gushinga imiryango (confréries) muri kiliizya zose ku bwumvikane na musenyeri wa diyosezi ndetse na padiri mukuru wa paruwasi bashaka gukoreramo. 

Abayobozi ba Kiliziya banyuranye bageneye indulujensiya isakapulari ndetse n’umuryango uyishingiyeho ; papa Inosenti wa XI mu 1645, papa Benedigito wa XII kuwa 23 Nzeri 1724, Kelemeti (Clément) wa XII kuwa 12 Ukuboza 1734, na papa Lewo wa XIII nyuma y’uko izo ndulujensiya zose zihurije hamwe, zikanozwa n’urwego rubishinzwe (congrégation des indulgences) kuwa 7 Werurwe 1888.

Boneza imyitwarire yawe mu Misa

Ifoto ya Arikidiyosezi ya Kigali

Kugira ngo umukristu ashobore kumva neza uko agomba kwitwara ategura Misa, ajya mu Misa, ayirimo cyangwa ayisoje, ni ngombwa kongera kuzirikana ku gisobanuro cyayo. Gatigisimu itubwira ko Misa ari ikoraniro rihebuje ry'abayoboke ba Kristu bakikije umusaserdoti, bateze amatwi Ijambo ry'Imana kandi batura Igitambo cy'Ukaristiya (Gatigisimu, No 144). Ibyo bikorwa bibiri by’ingenzi bigize Misa, kumva Ijambo ry'Imana no gutura Igitambo cy'Ukaristiya, bisaba kwitegura neza, ukirinda ibishobora kugukereza no kukurangaza byose kugira ngo ubashe gusenga neza. Misa ni ryo sengesho rikuru rya Kiliziya. Umukristu rero agomba kuritegura neza cyane, akarigiramo uruhare uko bikwiye kugira ngo arusheho gusabana n’Imana imugenderera irinyuzemo. Kwitegura rero bihera kare, wirinda kugira icyo urya byibura isaha imwe mbere yo kujya mu misa (Can. 919, &1). Ugomba kandi gutegura ituro ryawe mbere ya Misa wibuka ko ukuboko kw'imoso kutakagombye kumenya icyo indyo ikora, ibyo bikakurinda kugumana agaseke k'ituro uri gukura mu ikofi ituro ryawe. Mbese imyiteguro yawe ya Misa ikwiye gukorwa ku mubiri no kuri roho.

Misa, igihe cyo kurangamira Imana gikwiye kubahwa

Umukristu agomba kuzirikana ko igihe cya Misa atari igihe cy’ubutembere bityo ntarangazwe n’ibyo abona impande ze, bikamufasha kandi kutarangaza na bagenzi be. Muramenye, ntibwikwiye kubona umukristu arangaye: anyeganyeza ibirenge boshye ubyina, arya inzara, yikorakora mu misatsi n’ahandi ku mubiri. Si byiza kuko bihamya ko urangaye mu gihe cyo kurangamira Imana. Yaba umuntu cyangwa ikintu, muri ibyo byose, ntagikwiye kuturangaza. Kuza mu Misa si ukujya mu birori bimurika imideli. Umukristu nyawe yambara bikwiye, akazirikana ko ikoraniro yajemo atari iseruka ry'imideli. Bavandimwe, ni ngombwa kwambara ibitarangaza abandi, ibishyigikira ubuhamya bw’uwemera Imana kandi ntuvuge ku byo abandi bambaye kuko iryo si isengesho uba utura Imana. (soma Tugendere hamwe nimero 510 idukebura ku bijyanye n’iyi ngingo).

Ni ngombwa gucika ku muco wo gufata iminsi mikuru ya Kiliziya nk’iminsi yo guseruka. Oya! Noheli, Pasika…si iminsi yo guseruka, kurimba no kwishimana n’abo mudaherukana. Yego ni iminsi y’ibyishimo ariko bya bindi bituruka ku Mana kandi bikayituganishaho. Mubyumve neza si iminsi yo gusohokana ngo mwegukire ingeso mbi. Misa igira liturujiya yayo; uburyo bwo guhimbaza igitambo cy’Ukaristiya bugomba kubahirizwa kuko bwashyiriweho gufasha abakristu kurushaho gusabana n’Imana ibagenderera inyuze muri iryo sengesho. Jya wubaha liturujiya ya Misa. Niba nta mpamvu ifatika ituma ubusanya n’abandi; hagarara kandi wicare mu gihe cyabyo. Upfukame mu gihe cyo gutura igitambo (consecration). Niba utari bupfukame kandi kubera intege nke cyangwa ufite umwana, kora uko ushoboye ku buryo utabuza abapfukamye kubona Yezu uri mu Ukaristiya.

Ntugakinire mu Misa

Hari imvugo yakera mu zaririmbirwaga abageni yumvikanisha ko ahantu hakwiye kubahirwa ibihakorerwa kandi buri kintu kikagira umwanya wacyo: ‘ku rukiko si ku rukiniro, ku mashuri hakina abana’. Nuko rero mu Misa si aho gukinira. Uzirinde gukina n’abandi baje gusenga, ntugakirane n’umwan cyangwa ngo umwemerere gukoresha igikinisho cye cyangwa se telefoni yawe. Jya uzirikana ko nta butumwa burusha agaciro Misa maze Telefoni yawe uyibike neza muri bucece; ntibikwiye kubona uwaje mu Misa ahugiye mu gusoma ubutumwa bugufi (message), guhamagara, kwitaba n’ibindi nk’ibyo birimo no gusoma amakuru- gukoresha murandasi. Ibyo ni ibirangaza. Kwirinda kurangara mu gihe uri mu Misa bigufasha gukurikirana neza liturujiya ya Misa uko yateguwe, bikakurinda gusinzira no kurambirwa iryo sengesho. Tekereza uri kurota uvuga ku manywa abandi bari gusenga!

Uwarangaye ni we ubihirwa na Misa kandi bene uwo umubwirwa no gusohoka akajya kota izuba cyangwa kwinanura mu gihe abandi batuje. Ibaze nawe kubona umuntu asohotse bagiye gusoma no gusobanura Ijambo ry’Imana, bagiye kwamamaza ukwemera, batangiye gutura igatambo cy’Ukaristiya…! Uwarambiwe uzamubwirwa kandi no kwishimira ko Misa irangiye boshye ari igihano yari arimo. Uzamusanga mu nzira ajyenda avuga uko yabonye abandi mu Misa n’ibyo bakoraga aho kugenda yamamza Ivanjili. Sigaho, kujya mu Misa si ukujya gutara inkuru ugenda utangaza ku bandi. Muvandimwe, ntugatahe Misa itarangiye. Jya utegereza umugisha usoza ndetse n'indirimbo iwuherekeza, ushimire Imana ku bw'umugisha uhawe, usabira abatabashije kuhagera kandi babyifuzaga. Witonde utazaba nka Yuda wavuye ku meza y'isangira rya nyuma rya Yezu n'intumwa ritarangiye. Muvandimwe Misa ni ingenzi mu buzima bw’umukristu, itegure bikwiye kandi uzinduke maze wicare aho ubona hagufasha kwirinda ibirangaza, nko hafi ya Aritali. Ngaho rero kuva ubu hugukira gutegura neza Misa no kwitwara neza muri iryo sengesho rikuru rya Kiliziya.

 

 

 

AMOKO Y’AMASAKAPULARI Y’UBUBABARE BWA YEZU

Isakapulari y’umukara
 y’ububabare bwa Yezu

Isakapulari ni kimwe mu bikoresho by’ubuyoboke gatolika abakristu bifashisha basabana n’Imana. Hari amasakapulari menshi muri Kiliziya, yabayeho ku buryo butandukanye, ariko amenshi ashingiye ku mabonekerwa yihariye ya Bikira Mariya na Yezu, bitewe n’icyo bifuza kumenyesha no gushishikariza abakristu. Muri ibyo twavuga nko gushishikariza abakristu kurushaho kuzirikana no kubaha ububare bwa Yezu, bwamugeje ku rupfu n’izuka. Tugiye kurebera hamwe amoko abiri y’amasakapulari y’Ububabare bwa Yezu.

1.     ISAKAPULARI Y’UMUKARA Y’UBUBABARE BWA YEZU

Isakapulari y’umukara y’ububabare bwa Yezu (scapulaire noir de la Passion) ishamikiye ku bapasiyonisite, umuryango w’abihayimana bitangira kwamamaza ibikorwa by’ubuyoboke bijyana no kubaha ububabare bwa Yezu Kristu (congrégation de la Passion de Jésus-Christ, les Passionistes) washinzwe na Mutagatifu Pawulo w’Umusaraba. Iyi sakapulari ni ikirango cy’Abapasiyonisite (Passionistes) akaba ari na bo bashinzwe kuyamamaza by’umwihariko. Ifite ku gihande kimwe, ishusho y’umutima ifite umusaraba hejuru. Mu mutima, hejuru y’imisumari itatu handisteho aya magambo : ‘Jésus XPI Passio’ (ububabare bwa Yezu Kristu). Ku kindi gihande hari ishusho ya Yezu ubambwe ku musaraba, hakaba handitseho kandi aya magambo: "sit semper in cordibus nostris" (ububabare bwa Yezu nibuhore mu mitima yacu).

Mutagatifu Pawulo w’Umusaraba

Mutagatifu Pawulo w’Umusaraba yabonekewe kenshi mbere y’uko ashinga umuryango w’Abapasiyonisite. Muri ayo mabonekerwa ni bwo yahishuriwe umuwambaro w’umukara bambara uriho ikimenyetso-ndanga ku gatuza cy’aya magambo "Jesu XPI Passio". 

Nyuma nibwo abapadiri b’Abapasiyonisiti bahaye isakapulari abakristu bifuzaga kwihuza n’uwo muryangoa kugira ngo bafatanye mu kubaha ububabare bwa Yezu Kristu. Iyi sakapulari yemewe na kiliziya. Mu 1861 nibwo papa Piyo wa IX yemeje iyo sakapulari atangaza indulujensiya ku bakristu bazayambara. Izindi ndulujensiya na none zemejwe n’urwego rwa Kiliziya rubishinzwe (congrégation des indulgences) mu 1877. 

Umusaseridoti wese yemerewe kuyambika umukristu ndetse n’umulayiki yabikora mu gihe abyemerewe n’umwepiskopi.

2.     ISAKAPULARI Y’UMUTUKU Y’UBUBABARE BWA YEZU

Isakapulari y’umutuku y’ububabare bwa Yezu bayita kandi isakapulari y’ububabare bwa Yezu n’ubw’Umutima Mutagatifu wa Yezu na Mariya, (Scapulaire rouge de la Passion, scapulaire de la Passion de Notre-Seigneur et des Sacrés-Cœurs et de Jésus et de Marie). Ifitanye isano n’abihayimana bo mu muryango w’Abalazarisiti n’Abari b’urukundo ba Mutagatifu Visenti wa Pawulo (il est associé aux Lazaristes et aux Filles de la charité de Saint Vincent de Paul). Washinzwe na Mutagatifu Visenti wa Pawulo. Iyi sakapulari itukura Igizwe n’ibihande bibiri ; kimwe kiriho inyundo, umwitero n’ikanzu ya Yezu yuzuye amaraso (instruments de la Passion ; le fouet, le manteau, la robe qui avait couvert soncorps sanglant), bizengurutswe n’aya magambo : ‘bubabare butagatifu bwa Nyagasani Yezu Kristu, dukize’ (Sainte Passion de Notre-Seigneur Jésus-Christ, sauvez-nous). Ikindi gihande kiriho umusaraba muto uri hejuru y’Umutima mutagatifu wa Yezu n’Umutima Utagira inenge wa Bikira Mariya. Uhasanga kandi aya magambo : Mutima Mutagatifu wa Yezu na Mariya, muturinde (Sacrés-Cœurs de Jésus et de Marie, protégez-nous!). Hari ubwo bongeraho ikimenyesto kiranga Amaraso ya Yezu munsi y’imitima cyangwa se abamalayika.

Inkomoko y’isakapulari y’umutuku y’ububabare bwa Yezu n’uko yemewe    

Bivugwa ko Nyagasani Yezu yabonekeye Apolina Andriveau, umubikira wo mu muryango w’Abari b’urukundo ba Mutagatifu Visenti wa Pawulo kuwa 26 Nyakanga 1846 muri shapeli yabo i Troyes. Mu ibaruwa yandikiye umuyobozi wabo mukuru wabo, avugamo ko yabonye Yezu yambaye ikanzu ndende itukura afite mu kiganza cye isakapulari itukura, amusobanurira uko iyo sakapulari yari imeze. Kuwa 14 Nzeri 1846, Apolina yongeye kwandikira umukuru wabom amumenyesha ko Yezu yamubonekeye akamubwira ko abapadiri bagomba kwambika abakristu iyo sakapulari, amubwira kandi ko uzayambara yahawe umugisha na bo (Abalazarisiti) azongererwa ukwemera, ukwizera n’urukundo buri munsi wa gatanu - tous vendredis.

Umuyobozi mukuru w’ Abalazarisiti n’Abari b’urukundo ba Mutagatifu Visenti wa Pawulo, Padiri Yohani Batisita sitefano (Jean-Baptiste Étienne) yagiriye uruzinduko i Roma nuko asobanurira umushumba wa Kiliziya papa Piyo wa IX ibyerekeye icyo gikoresho cy’ubuyoboke. Uyu papa ni we wemereye abasaseridoti kujya bambika abakristu iyi sakapulari. Urwandiko rubyemeza rwasohotse kuwa 25 Kamena 1847. Mu mwaka ukurikira isakapulari yiongeye kwemezwa na papa Piyo wa IX mu rwandiko rwo kuwa 21 Werurwe 1848, anatangaza indulujensiya ijyanye no kwambara iyi sakapulari kandi aha ububasha umukuru w’Abalazarisiti bwo gutanga uburenganzira ku bandi basaseridoti b’ingeri zose, mu gihe babimusabye, bwo kwambika abakristu isakapulari itukura y’ububabare bwa Yezu.

Menya amasakapulari y’ Umutima Mutagatifu wa Yezu n’uwa Mariya

Isakapulari y’Umutima Mutagatifu wa
Yezu na Mariya

Nk’uko twabibonye mu nkuru zatambutse, muri Kiliziya hari amasakapulari menshi nyamara yose abereyo kugira icyo atwigisha ku buryo bw’umwihariko kugira ngo turusheho gusabana n’Imana mu isengesho n’imibereho bya buri munsi. Tugiye kurebera hamwe amoko abiri y’amasakapulari adufasha mu kuzirikana Umutima Mutagatifu wa Yezu n’uwa Bikira Mariya, umubyeyi we. 

Isakapulari y’Umutima Mutagatifu wa Yezu na Mariya 

Isakapulari y’Umutima Mutagatifu wa Yezu na Mariya izwi kandi nk’isakapulari y’umutima usamba wa Yezu n’umutima ugira impuhwe wa Bikira Mariya (Scapulaire des Sacrés- Cœurs de Jésus et Marie ou scapulaire du cœur agonisant de Jésus et du cœur compatissant de Marie) ifitanye isano ya bugufi n’umuryango w’abari b’Umutima Mutagatifu wa Yezu (Filles du Cœur de Jésus) washinzwe n’Umuhire Mariya wa Yezu Deluil Martiny kuwa 20 Kamena 1873. Iyi sakapulari igizwe n’ibipande bibiri by’ibara ryera, bihujwe n’umushimi na wo wera. Igihande kimwe kiriho ishusho y’Umutima wa Yezu n’iy’umutima wa Mariya, munsi yayo hakaba ibimenyesto by’ububabare bwa Yezu (les instruments de la passion). Ikindi gice cy’isakapulari kiriho umusaraba utukura. iyi sakasakapulari ishobora no kugira ibara ritukura.

Mu 1848 Umuhire Mariya wa Yezu Deluil Martiny, yavuze ko yabonekewe na Yezu akamuhishurira isakapulari nshya. Uyu mubikira abajayanama be ba roho (directeurs spirituels) bari abayezuwiti ; Padiri Calage na Padiri Filipo Roothaan wayoboraga umuryango ku rwego rw’isi. Muri ayo mabonekerwa, Yezu yavuzeko isakapulari izaba ikimenyesto cyubaha umubabaro w’Umutima we, uwa Mariya n’amaraso ya Yezu (ornement des mérites de la souffrance intérieure des Cœurs de Jésus et de Marie ainsi que du précieux sang), ikimenyesto kirinda gucikamo ibice n’ubuyobe muri kiliziya. Iyo sakapulari kandi igafasha mu kurwanya Sekibi (un moyen de défense contre l'enfer), ikazaronkera inema nyinshi abazayambara bafite ukwemera. 

Mariya wa Yezu Deluil Martiny

Bikozwe na Mariya wa Yezu Deluil Martiny wari ushigikiwe n’abayobozi be ba roho ; padiri Calage ndeste na Robert Arikiyepikopi wa Marseille, Musenyeri Mazzella umuyobozi w’urwego rwa kiliziya rushinzwe imigenzo nyobokamana akaba n’umugishwanama w’urwego rushinzwe amahame y’ukwemera (préfet de la congrégation des rites et consulteur pour la congrégation pour la doctrine de la foi) yandikiwe asabwa kwemerwa kw’isakapulari. Isakapulari y’Umutima Mutagatifu ya Yezu na Mariya yemewe na Lewo wa XIII ubwo yagenaga indulujensiya ku bazayambara hari kuwa 18 Mata 1901, Piyo wa X azivugurura mu 1906. Umuryango w’abari b’Umutima Mutagatifu wa Yezu ugendera ku matwara ya mutagatifu Inyasi, wemewe ku rwego rw’isi kuwa 25 Gashyantare 1888 na papa Lewo wa XIII. 

Isakapulari y’Umutima Mutagatifu 

Isakapulari y’Umutima Mutagatifu

Isakapulari y’Umutima Mutagatifu ikomoka ku mabonekerwa ya Bikira Mariya yabereye i Pellevoisin mu bufaransa mu 1876. Uwabonekewe ni Estelle Faguette. Ibikorwa by’ubuyoboke byo kwiyambaza Umutima Mutagatifu wa Yezu byatangijwe n’umubikira w’iramukanya (sœur visitandine) Marigarita Mariya Alacoque mu kinyeja cya cumi na karindwi. Mu gihugu cy’ubufaransa byahageze mu kinyejana cya cumi n’icyenda. Isakapulari y’Umutima Mutagatifu igizwe n’imihande bibiri bihujwe n’umushumi. Igihande kimwe kiriho ishusho y’Umutima Mutagatifu wa Yezu naho ku kindi hakaba ishusho ya Bikira Mariya Umwamikazi wa Pellevoisin iri munsi y’aya magambo : ‘Umubyeyi w’impuhwe’. Intego yo kwambara Isakapulari y’Umutima Mutagatifu ni ukwiyegurira Umutima Mutagatifu wa Yezu. 

I Pellevoisin, Ubwo Bikira Mariya yabonekeraga Estelle Faguette ku nshuro ya cyenda, yamweretse isakapulari nuko mu mabonekerwa yakurikiyeho Bikira Mariya akajya ashishikaza ko abakristu basenga bifashishije iyo sakapulari y’Umutima Mutagatifu. Bikira Mariya yabonekeye Estelle Faguette inshuro zigera kuri 15, kuva kuwa 14 Gashyantare1876 kugeza kuwa 8 Ukuboza 1876. Mbere y’aya mabonekerwa ahagana mu 1780 i Nantes umubikira w’iramukanya Mariya Ana Galipo (Marie-Anne Galipaud, sœur visitandine) yakwirakwizaga ishusho y’Umutima Mutagatifu wa Yezu. Umubikira w’iramukanya muatagatifu Marigarita Mariya Alacoque ni we watangije umuco wo kwambara ishusho y’Umutima Mutagatifu wa Yezu nyuma y’uko abonekewe na Yezu mu kinyejana cya cumi na karindwi. 

Estelle Faguette

Mu 1877, uwabonekewe Estelle Faguette akomeje umwepiskopi we uburenganzira bwo kumenyekanisha no kwambika abantu isakapulari nshya yeguriwe Umutima Mutagatifu wa Yezu. Umwepiskopi yarabyemeye ndetse n’i Vatikani babyemera mu 1900. I Pellevoisin hubatswe ingoro yishingiye kwamamaza ibikorwa byo gusenga, abakristu biyambaza Umutima Mutagatifu wa Yezu. Isakapulari y’Umutima Mutagatifu yemejwe kuwa 28 Nyakanga 1877 ku rwego rwa diyosezi. Kuwa 4 Mata 1900 nibwo yemewe na Kiliziya y’isi yose, papa Lewo wa XIII yarayemeje kandi anagena indulujensiya ku bakristu bazayambara.

Tumenye Isakapulari y’Umubyeyi ukiza abarwayi

Ishusho y’Umubyeyiukiza abarwayi 

Iyi sakapulari ifitanye amateka n’umuryango w’abapadiri bita ku barwayi (Ordre des Clercs réguliers pour les Malades ou Ordre des Clercs réguliers Ministres des Infirmes, camilliens). Iyi sakapulari y’umukara ifite ishusho ya Bikra Mariya yamenyekanye ku mazina y’Umubyeyi w’ubuzima cyangwa ukiza abarwayi (Notre-Dame de santé ou salut des malades, Salus infirmorum), ishusho kandi iri kumwe n’iya mutagatifu Yozefu na mutagatifu Kamili wa Lellis. Hanyuma ku rundi ruhande hakaba umusaraba muto utukura w’Abakamiliyani (camilliens).

Iyi sakapulari y’Umubyeyi ukiza abarwayi yakozwe hagendewe ku ishusho ya Bikira Mariya utabara abarwayi iri mu kiliziya ya mutagatifu Mariya Madalena i Roma (église Santa Maria Maddalena de Rome) y’Abakamiliyani. Bikira Mariya utabara abarwayi ni we murinzi n’umuvugizi w’Abakamiliyani. Fureri Feridinandi Vikari (Ferdinand Vicari) yakuye igitekerezo kuri iyo shusho (cette image suggère à un frère de l'ordre, Ferdinand Vicari) cyo gushinga itsinda ry’abakristu biyambaza Bikira Mariya basabira abarwayi nuko abaha isakapulari nk’ikimenyesto kibaranga (emblème de la confrérie). Ntabwo indulujensiya zihariye zagenewe umuntu wambara isakapulari y’Umubyeyi ukiza abarwayi, ahubwo zahawe umuryango n’abapapa babiri :  Piyo wa IX mu 1860 ndetse na Lewo wa XIII mu 1883 nyuma y’uko urwego rubishinzwe (congrégation des indulgences) rubyemeje kuwa 21 Nyakanga 1883.

Mutagatifu Kamili wa Lellis

Umuryango w’abapadiri bita ku barwayi washinzwe na mutagatifu Kamili wa Lelllis mu 1852, uvukira i Roma kugira ngo wite ku barwayi bo mu bitaro ; by’umwihariko abageze mu zabukuru, abana, abarwayi b’igituntu, ababembe n’abarwayi ba sida. Abakamiliyani bashinze ibigo byigisha abaforomo, ibyita ku ikenurabushyo ry’ubuzima n’ibitegura abakozi babyo. Uyu muryango wemewe na kiliziya y’isi yose kuwa 21 Nzeri 1591. Kamili yavutse mu 1550 yitaba Imana mu 1614. Hari indi miryango yashinzwe nyuma ifatiye ku buryo bwo kwitagatifuza bw’Abakamiliyani (spiritualité camilliennes) :

1.     Umuryango w’Ababikira b’Abakamiliyani b’urwego rwa gatatu (Sœurs camilliennes du Tiers-ordres) washinzwe mu 1700.

2.     Umuryango w’Ababikira b’Abaja b’Abarwayi (Sœurs Servantes des Malades) washinzwe na Mama Mariya Dominiko Bruni Barbantini mu 1819

3.     Umuryango w’Abari ba Mutagatifu Kamili (Filles de Saint Camille) washinzwe na Padiri Louis Tezza afatanije na Mama Yozafina Vannini mu 1892.

4.     Umuryango w’Abamisiyoneri b’abarwayi (Missionnaire des Malades) washinzwe na Germana Sommaruga mu 1930

5.     Abalayiki b’Abakamiliyani (famille camillienne, associations des laïcs).