Mutagatifu Ludoviko (Louis), umwami w’Ubufaransa

...Yari yarashyizeho itegeko rihanisha abatuka Imana: bagombaga kubakoza ku minwa icyuma cyacaniriwe mu muriro kigatukura… “Abantu barantangaza. Banshinja kuba nkunda isengesho; ariko ndamutse mfashe amasaha menshi yo gukina igisoro, kujya guhiga inyamaswa zo mu ishyamba n’inyoni zo mu kirere, babyishimira”.

Uyu Mutagatifu tuvuga ni Ludoviko wa 9, umwami w’Ubufaransa. Yavutse mu 1214, yima ingoma y’Ubufaransa afite imyaka cumi n’ibiri nuko yihatira gutanga urugero rwiza mu bwami bwe, kuba indahemuka no gukunda Imana n’abantu. Ludoviko yabatirijwe i Puwasi (Poissy). Yagiraga umugenzo wo kwibuka iyo batisimu, bikagaragazwa n’uko yajyaga gusinya akandika ngo Ludoviko wa Puwasi. Uko niko yerekanaga ko ingabire ya batisimu ari ingabire imuha kubahwa bisumbyeyo. Ludoviko yakomoye imico myiza kuri nyina Nyina witwaga Blanche de Castille (bishaka kuvuga ngo “uwera w’i Kastiye”). Ni we witaga ku mwana we,akameurera, akamukundisha gutinya icyaha.

Kenshi abantu bamwumvaga avuga ati: « mwana wanjye, nyuma y’Imana, ni wowe nkunda cyane kurusha byose. Ariko umenye neza ko nakwifuza kukubona wapfuye aho kukubona wakoze icyaha kimwe kijyana mu rupfu. » Ni ibyo byateye Ludoviko kurangwa n’imigenzo myiza y’akataraboneka akiri umwana. Iyo migenzo yagaragaye cyane aho amariye kwima ingoma, akarangwa n’ubutabera, ukwiyoroshya, no gukunda gusenga. Abantu bamushinjaga gukunda gufata igihe kinini asenga, Ludoviko agatangara avuga ati: “Abantu barantangaza. Banshinja kuba nkunda isengesho; ariko ndamutse mfashe amasaha menshi yo gukina igisoro, kujya guhiga inyamaswa zo mu ishyamba n’inyoni zo mu kirere, babyishimira”. Aho abereye Umwamai Ludoviko yifuzaga mbere na mbere kwimika ingoma y’Imana mu bantu, kuko yumvaga ko ubwo ari bwo buryo buruta ubundi mu bwiza bwamufasha gukomeza ubutegetsi bwe. Yari yarashyizeho itegeko rihanisha abatuka Imana: bagombaga kubakoza ku minwa icyuma cyacaniriwe mu muriro kigatukura.

Umunsi wo kuwa 10 Kamena 1239 wamubereye umunsi mwiza kurusha iyindi. Icyo gihe yinjiye mu murwa we, arangaje imbere abihayimana bari bavuye i Yeruzalemu, bazanye ikamba ry’amahwa ritagatifu rya Yezu Kristu. Amaso ya Ludoviko yari yuzuyemo amarira, kandi akaba nta nkweto yari yambaye mu birenge bye.  Muri iyo minsi, yarwaye indwara ijya kumwica, akira ku buryo bumeze nk’igitangaza. Yumvise ijwi ryamubwiraga ngo ajye kurwana intambara ntagatifu yo kubohoza ahantu hatagatifu, maze ntiyazuyaza araryumvira. Ludoviko yagiye kuri urwo rugamba, arurwana bikomeye ku buryo babonaga ko ari umurwanyi w’igihangange. Muri iyo myaka y’ingoma ye, abakristu batabaraga bajya kurwanya abafataga nabi ahantu hatagatifu Yezu yabaye bakabuza n’abashakaga kuhagenderera.

Izina rye ry’umwami w’umukristu yararyubahishije cyane. Ndetse n’abayisilamu (sarrasins) bigeze kumufata mpiri, bamumarana igihe kirekire, ariko batangazwaga n’ukuntu yari akomeye ku kwemera kwe, n’ubutwari bwe. Asubiye mu Bufaransa, Ludoviko yibanze cyane ku kurushaho guhindura Ubufaransa ingoma nkirisitu kandi ikomeye. Ludoviko yakundaga gufata iya mbere mu gukemura amakimbirane yavukaga hagati y’abami b’i Burayi. Yari umuntu ukoresha ukuri muri byose no kuri bose, kandi akamenya gufata neza ingabo ze, akazirengera kandi akaba n’umutabazi uharanira amahoro mu gihugu cye. Mu rukundo rwe n’umugore we, Ludoviko yabaye intangarugero mu kugaragaza urukundo rw’abashakanye.  Yitabye Imana kuwa 25 Kanama 1270 ageze i Tunisi muri Tuniziya y’ubu, yicwa n’icyorezo. Yari agiye ku rugamba rutagatifu rwo kubohoza Yeruzalemu. Yari amaze imyaka 40 ku bwami bw’Ubufaransa. Tumwizihiza kuwa 25 Kanama.

AHO BYAVUYE :

• ABATAGATIFU MU MINSI Y’UMWAKA.Ed. de l’Imprimerie de Kabgayi, 2e ed.Nzeri 2015.p.237.
• DIX MILLE SAINTS, Dictionnaire hagiographique cyanditwe n’Ababenedigitini b’i Ramsgate. Ed.VI., Brepols,1991. p.318
• https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_IX
• http://www.sanctoral.com/fr/saints/saint_louis_ix.html.

Mutagatifu Monika, umubyeyi wa mutagatifu Agustini

Yavukiye mu mujyi wa Tagaste (muri Alijeriya y’ubu) mu mwaka wa 332. Yavutse ku babyeyi b’abakristu, kandi mu buto bwe kugeza ku munota wa nyuma w’ubuzima bwe, yagaragaje urukundo rudasanzwe afitiye Imana adasize na bagenzi be. Monika yari umwana wumvira ababyeyi be, n’igihe amaze gukura, yakomeje kubumvira, yemera gushyingiranwa n’umuhungu iwabo bamuhitiyemo. Uwo ni Patrisi w’i Tagaste, wagiraga umwaga cyane, ariko Monika akagira icyizere cyo kuzamugeza ku bukristu buhamye. Monika yakundaga kwihangana, akirinda guhariranya n’umugabo we, akirinda gukora ibyo umugabo we yanga kandi akamenya kumwitwaraho kuko uwo Patrise bakekaga ko yajyaga mu bandi bagore. Monika yabaye urugero rwiza mu babyeyi b’abakristu. Bagenzi be yababaniraga neza, akabagira inama igihe bashyamiranye n’abagabo babo, akababwira ko “ na bo bagomba kwikosora kandi bakamenya amagambo bavugana n’abagabo babo”. Maze inama abahaye zigatuma ingo zifite umwiryane zisubirana ituze.

Monika we iyo yashakaga kugira inama umugabo we, yarebaga igihe gikwiriye, umugabo we atuje, na we akamwegerana umutuzo. Benshi mu bagore Monika yagiriye inama, bagaragaje ko kubera izo nama ze, bashoboye kumvikana neza n’abagabo babo, nyuma ndetse bakajya baza kubimushimira. Monika yari umukristu mwiza, agahangayikishwa no kugeza abo mu rugo rwe ku bukristu butunganye. Mu bana yabyaranye n’umugabo we, Agusitini ni we wamuteraga impungenge cyane kuko yikundiraga amaraha. Nyamara ku ngabire y’Imana, Agusitini yarahindutse, avamo umutagatifu ukomeye. Monika yahoraga asabira Agusitini, n’amarira menshi, kuva mu ngeso mbi no mu madini y’ibyaduka y’icyo gihe. N’igihe Agustini amutorotse akajya mu Butaliyani, yamukurikiyeyo n’agahinda kenshi. Monika yagize uruhare rukomeye mu kumufasha kwitagatifuza, ashimishwa cyane no kubona umwana we Agustini agarukira ukwemera, agahabwa batisimu bari kumwe.

Monika ni umugore wumvikanaga n’umugabo we ndetse na nyirabukwe, akabaho akwirakwizaga urukundo n’amahoro mu bantu ; abavandimwe, inshuti n’abaturanyi. Monika yahinduye Nyirabukwe arabatizwa kandi ntiyongera uwo mubyeyi ntiyongera kugirira ishyari umukazana we Monika. Ubugwaneza n’ubwitagatifuze bwe byatumye umugabo we ayoboka Imana yemera kubatizwa vuba kandi ahinduka umukristu w’indakemwa, areka ingeso mbi ze. Monika yakundaga kujyaga mu misa buri munsi ndetse akita no ku barwayi. Inshingano zo kwita ku rugo rwe yazikoraga neza, cyane cyane kwita ku burere bw’abana be batatu. Monika yaguye mu maboko ya Agustini, bageze ku cyambu cya Ostia mu Butaliyani. Hari mu mwaka wa 387, ubwo bavaga mu Butaliyani bagarutse iwabo muri Afrika. Twizihiza Mutagatifu Monika kuwa 27 Kanama.

Aho byavuye:

·   ABATAGATIFU duhimbaza buri munsi, ed.Euthymia, Diyosezi Butare, Mata 2013.p. 254-255.

·  ABATAGATIFU MU MINSI Y’UMWAKA, Ed. De l’imprimerie de Kabgayi, Icapwa rya kabiri. Nzeri 2015.p.238-239.

·   DIX MILLE SAINTS, Dictionnaire hagiographique cyanditwe n’Ababenedigitini b’i Ramsgate. Ed.VI., Brepols,1991. p.364.

Mutagatifu Hiyasenti, Umusaseridoti w’umudominikani

…Igihe afashe icyemezo cyo guhunga, yahisemo gutwara Isakaramentu…yumva ijwi rituruka mu ishusho ya Bikira Mariya rimusaba na yo kuyitwara. Nuko atwara Isakaramentu n’iyo shusho. Yitabye Imana kuwa 15 Kanama 1257, nk’uko yari yarabihanuye… 

Mutagatifu Hiyasenti yavukiye mu muryango w’abakomeye w’i Kamiyeni Silaski, muri Polonye, mu 1185. Yabanje kuba Shanuwani, (umwe mu byegera by’umwepisikopi) i Krakovi, yita cyane cyane ku ndirimbo z’Imana. Hanyuma aherekeza i Roma, se wabo wari umwepisikopi. Bahahurira na Mutagatifu Dominiko. Ubwo niho bamusabye kohereza abapadiri be muri Polonye kuhigisha ariko Dominiko abasubiza ko ntabo afite. Nyuma Hiyasenti yasabye Dominiko kwinjira mu muryango we, nuko arangije novisiya arasezerana, hanyuma bamwohereza kwigisha mu gihugu avukamo.

Hiyasenti ageze iwabo, yabanje gutora abasaseridoti bo kuba abadominikani nka we, abakoresha novisiya, ihihe bamaze gusezerana abohereza mu butumwa muri Polonye yose, kimwe na we, ngo bitangive kwigisha. Muri Polonye, Hiyasenti yahubatse monasiteri nyinshi z’abadominikani, bituma Abasaseridoti babuhabwa baba benshi cyane kandi baba koko abantu b’Imana bazi n’ubwenge. Uko niko Polonye yose yagarukiye Yezu ibikesheje inyigisho zitandukanye za Hiyasenti n’iz’abapadiri be. No mu bihugu biyikikije, Hiyasenti yarahigishije, ahubaka monasiteri nyinshi zimufasha gukomeza imizi y’idini ntagatifu. Hiyasenti yakundaga gusenga kandi ntiyihambire ku mitungo y’isi. Bavuga ko nta nzu bwite yagiraga, ahubwo ko yararaga iteka mu kiliziya asenga, yananirwa akajya kuryama aho abonye. Yakunada kandi gusiba no kwibabaza ku buryo bakeka ko byaba byaragezweho na bake.

Yabaye umuntu w’Imana koko, na yo imukoresha ibitangaza bitabarika : gukiza abahanzweho na shitani n’abarwayi b’indwara nyinshi, kuzura abantu n’ibindi byinshi. Igihe kimwe abapagani bitwa aba Taritare barateye, nuko Hiyasenti afata icyemezo cyo guhunga, ahitamo kandi gutwara Isakaramentu ngo batazarisuzuguza. Igihe agiye gusohoka mu kiliziya, nuko yumva ijwi rituruka mu ishusho ya Bikira Mariya rimusaba na yo kuyitwara. Nuko Hiyasenti atwara Isakaramentu n’iyo shusho. Ageze ku mugezi munini wa Boristene, we n’abafurere bari kumwe, babura ubwato bubambutsa. Hiyasenti yarambuye igishura cye ku mazi, nuko bacyambukiraho. Mu buzima bwe Bikira Mariya yamubonekeye inshuro nyinshi. Mutagatifu Hiyasenti yitabye Imana kuwa 15 Kanama 1257, nk’uko we ubwe yari yarabihanuye. Tumwizihiza kuwa 17 Kanama.

Byavuye muri :

·        ABATAGATIFU duhimbaza buri munsi, ed. Euthymia, Diyosezi Butare, Mata 2013. p.246.

·        ABATAGATIFU MU MINSI Y’UMWAKA, Ed. De l’imprimerie de Kabgayi, 2eme ed. sept. 2015. P.229-230.

·        http://www.dominicains.ca/Histoire/Figures/hyacinthe.htm