MUTAGATIFU TEREZA BENEDICTE DE LA CROIX

Tereza Benedicte de la Croix uzwi nka Edith Stein yavutse kuwa 12 Ukwakira mu mwaka wa 1891, avuka ari umwana wa cumi n’umwe, ku munsi umuryango we wizihizagaho umunsi mukuru w’Abayahudi wa Yom Kippour, ukaba uwo kwisukura, kwihana no kwiyunga n’Imana. uyu munsi Edith Stein yavutseho watumye nyina amukunda cyane, amugira umutoni. Byongeye kandi uyu munsi mukuru yavutseho, wagenuraga ubuzima bwari ubw’ahazaza bw’uwo mwari. Se wa Edith Stein wari umucuruzi, yitabye Imana uwo mwana atarageza ku myaka itatu y’amavuko. Ubwo nyina wari umugore ukunda Uhoraho, w’umugwaneza kandi wakundaga gufasha abandi, yakomeje kwita ku muryango umugabo we yari amusigiye kandi akomeza no gukora ubucuruzi umugabo we yakoraga. Gusa uburere bw’abana bwaramugoye ku buryo bamwe bataye ukwemera: muri abo harimo na Edith Stein wivugira ko muri icyo gihe yari yararetse gusenga.

Mu mwaka w’1911, Edith Stein yahise abona impamyabumenyi ye y’amashuri yisumbuye, ndetse ahita anatangira kwiga Ikidage n’amateka muri kaminuza ya Wroclaw. Aha yanahize ibijyanye n’ityazabwenge (philosophy). Ibi byose Edith Stein yabyigaga atari uko abikunze, ahubwo ari ukugira ngo yibonere imibereho. Edith Stein yanaharaniye kandi uburenganzira bw’abagore bityo bituma ajya no mu ishyirahamye ry’abaharaniraga uburenganzira bw’umugore, harimo cyane cyane ubwo gutora ("Association Prussienne pour le Droit des Femmes au Vote"). Edith Stein yanakomeje amasomo ye ya kaminuza, aho mu mwaka w’1913 yahuye na Edmund Husserl maze amubera umwigishwa mu bya Filozofiya.

Mu gihe cy’intamabara ya Mbere y’Isi, Edith Stein wari unafite ubumenyi bwo kuvura, yakoreye mu bitaro bya gisirikare by’Abanya-Autriche. Rimwe yaje kubona umukristukazi wageze imbere y’ikiliziya, maze yinjiramo, arasenga. Ibi byatumye Edith Stein yongera gutekereza ku mubano we n’Imana. Byongeye kandi, Edith Stein yari inshuti y’umuryango w’umwungiriza wa Husserl witwaga Adolph Reinach, n’umugore we, babaga i Gôtingen. Abo muri uyu muryango bari abakristu. Uwo Adolph yaje kwitaba Imana, maze Edith Stein asuye wa mupfakazi baraganira, Edith akurizaho kumenya Umusaraba no guhura n’Ubuntu bw’Imana, maze bimubera intangiriro yo kwemera Yezu Kristu.

Hari mu mwaka w’1918, ubwo Edith Stein yaretse kuba umwunganizi wa Husserl, kuko yashakaga kwigenga. Muri icyo gihe kandi Edith yashakaga kwigisha muri kaminuza. Gusa ibyo ntibyari byemewe ku bagore. Yaje rero kugaruka i Wroclaw. Aha yabonye umwanya wo gusoma no gushyira mu ngiro ibitabo byo mu Isezerano Rishya ndetse n’igitabo cy’imyitozo yo kwitagatifuza cya Inyasi wa Loyola. Nyuma kandi yanasuye umugore witwaga Hedwig Conrad-Martius na we wari warahindutse akaba umukristu, maze asoma ijoro ryose igitabo cy’ubuzima bwa Mutagatifu Tereza w’Avila. Amaze gusoma icyo gitabo, Edith Stein yahise avuga ati: “Uku ni ko kuri”. Edith Stein yari yarahindutse ava mu idini y’Abayahudi, aba umukristu kabone n’ubwo yahuye n’imbogamizi nyinshi kuko umuryango we utifuzaga ko aba umukristu.  Edith Stein yaje kubatizwa kuwa 1 Mutarama mu mwaka w’1922. Ubwo yagarutse i Wroclaw, ahamiriza nyina ko yamaze kuba umukristu. Kugeza mu mwaka w’1931 yigishaga mu rugo rw’abadominikani rw’i Madeleine de Spire. Mu mwaka w’1932 yigishije mu ishuri rikuru ry’ikoranabuhanga rya Münster, agahuza iby’ubumenyi n’Ukwemera.

Edith Stein yaje kuba umwarimu muri kaminuza y’i Wroclaw (Breslau). Ubwo hari mu gihe abahezanguni b’Abanazi bashakaga kwigarurira ibihugu byinshi ndetse hari no mu gihe bakoraga Jenoside y’Abayahudi. Edith Stein yakomeye kuri Yezu Kristu ndetse aza no kwinjira mu muryango w’abihayimana b’Aba-Carmelita babaga i Cologne. Edith Stein yambaye umwambaro w’abihayimana kuwa 4 Mata mu mwaka w’1934. Maze kuva ubwo ahabwa izina rya Thérèse-Bénédicte de la Croix. Muri monasiteri, Thérèse-Bénédicte de la Croix yemererwaga gukomeza gukora ubushakashatsi bwe bw’ibijyanye na Siyansi. Edith Stein yamaze igihe kinini cy’ubuzima bwe ahindura mu ndimi igitabo cya Mutagatifu Tereza w’Avila cyitwa "sept demeures" (« Ubuturo burindwi » ugenekereje mu kinyarwanda). Edith stein kandi azirikana cyane ku bubabare bw’umusaraba, yifatanyije n’abaturage bene wabo bababazwaga. Edith Stein kandi yaje guhungira mu Buholandi (Pays-Bas). Agezeyo Tereza Benedicte de la Croix, ariwe Edith Stein, yafatiwe kuri Carmel y’i Echt. Abapolisi b’aba NAZI bamusanze muri kiliziya asenga we n’umuvandimwe we Roza. Nyuma gusa y’iminsi umunani, Tereza Benedidicte de la Croix yapfiriye i Oświęcim (Auschwitz).

Igihe Tereza Benedicte de la Croix yishwe ahowe ko ari umuyahudikazi hari ku itariki 9 Kanama mu mwaka w’1942. Thérèse-Bénédicte de la Croix yicanywe n’umuvandimwe we Roza ndetse n’abandi bayahudi bagera kuri 987, biciwe mu nkambi, banazwemo ibyuka bihumanya. Tereza Benedicte de la Croix yashyizwe mu rwego rw’Abatagatifu kuwa 11 Ukwakira mu mwaka w’1998, i Roma. Kiliziya Gatolika yizihiza Mutagatifu Tereza Benedicte de la Croix kuwa 9 Kanama.  

(Byakusanyijwe na padiri Theophile TWAGIRAYEZU, diocese Byumba. Ku yandi makuru ku nyandiko twakusanyije ku mibereho y'abatagatifu bariza kuri tel: 0788757494/ 0782889963/ (ubunyamabanga bwa SPES MEA).