Abatagatifu Marita, Mariya Madalena na Lazaro

Marita, Mariya Madalena na Yezu

Mariya Madalena ni murumuna wa Marita, bombi bakaba bashiki ba Lazaro. 

Umuryango wabo wari uzwi cyane, utuye i Betaniya. Wari umuryango wubashywe cyane mu bayahudi kandi ukize. Se yari umunyasiriya, yari yarabaye guverineri w’intara, nyina akaba yari umuyahudikazi ukomoka mu muryango wa cyami. Ibyo bigasobanura impamvu umuryango wabo wari ufite imitungo myinshi, bikaba n’impamvu abanyaroma balindaga La Lazaro, bakarinda imitungo yabo ngo idasahurwa n’abayahudi. Bakavuga ko mu mujyi wa Yeruzalemu bari bahafite umutungo munini. Bari bafite inzu nini bitaga Senakulo (Cenacle), bafite imitungo i Getsemani ku musozi w’imizeti, hafi y’umugezi wa Sedroni; bakaba bari bafite igipangu (palais) i Yeruzalemu, Lazaro akaba yari yaragihunze kubera imyitwarire mibi ya mushiki we Mariya Madalena, agahitamo kwigira i Betaniya kwa Marita. Bari bafite kandi imitungo muri Antiyokiya muri Siriya. Aha hakaba harafashije abakirisitu ba mbere. Bari bafite imitungo kandi ku nkengero ya Samariya, aha hakaba ariho Yezu yigeze kwihisha bamutoteza. 

A.   Marita, Umubikira

Marita yavukanaga na Mariya Madalena na Lazaro. Kuko bari imfubyi Marita ni we wayoboraga urugo rwabo rw’i Betaniya, akaruyoborana urukundo n’urugwiro, agakunda gufasha abakene, kandi akamenya kwakira neza Nyagasani Yezu n’abigishwa be. Mu Ivanjili, Marita avugwa ahantu hatatu : i Betaniya, igihe Mariya Madalena na Marita batumira Yezu amaze kuzura musaza wabo Lazaro. Igihe batumiye Yezu ku meza iwabo n’igihe batumiye Yezu hasigaye iminsi itandatu Pasika ikaba.

Igihe bamwakiriye iwabo, Mariya yakomeje kwicara impande y’ibirenge bya Yezu yumva amagambo ye. Marita we yari ahugiye mu byo gushaka amazimano. Ageze aho araza abwira Yezu ati: ‘‘mwigisha, ntacyo bikubwiye kubona murumuna wanjye amparira imirimo yose? mubwire aze amfashe.’’ ariko Nyagasani aramusubiza ati:‘‘Marita  Marita  , uhagaritse umutima kandi urahihibikanywa na byinshi nyamara ibyangombwa ni bike, ndetse ni kimwe gusa. Mariya rero yahisemo umugabane mwiza udateze kuzamwamburwa’’(Lk11,40-42). Yezu yababwiraga ayo magambo baganira. Ibyo Marita yakoreye Yezu, amwakira neza, amufungurira we n’abigishwa be, byamuhesheje ishema n’icyubahiro gikomeye. Marita ni we wamenyesheje Nyagasani Yezu ko Lazaro arwaye. Ni na we kandi wamumenyesheje ko yapfuye.

Bivugwa ko nyuma y’uko Nyagasani asubiye mu ijuru, Marita hamwe na Mariya Madalena na Lazaro, bari barakariwe n’abayahudi banangiye umutima, maze birukanwa mu gihugu cyabo, babashyira mu bwato buto ngo bazamirwe n’imihengeri ikomeye y’inyanja ya Mediterane. Nuko babatwara mu bwato bubageza mu majyepfo y’igihugu cy’Ubufaransa. Bavuga kandi ko Lazaro yabaye umwepisikopi wa Marseye, umujyi wo mu Bufaransa naho Marita agafasha musaza we kwamamaza Ivanjili ntagatifu. Bavuga kandi ko igihe Marita ageze mu mujyi wa Tarasko (Tarascon) yahasanze ikiyoka kinini cyane (Dragon) cyari cyarajujubije abaturage. Baramubwira bati niwica kiriya kiyoka tuzemera Ivanjili utuzaniye.

Marita yafashe umusaraba, agisanga mu buvumo cyabagamo, akizirikisha umukandara yikenyezaga, maze akizanira abaturage, maze na bo bakihimuraho, barakica. Abo muri uwo mujyi bose bahinduka abakristu, Marita atura muri uwo mujyi, akajya yita ku bakene, kandi ashinga umuryango w’ababikira. Bakeka ko yaba yaritabye Imana ahagana mu mwaka wa 81. Twizihiza mutagatifu Marita kuwa 29 Nyakanga.

B.    Mariya Madalena

Ababyeyi babo bamaze gupfa, Mariya yasigaranye umunani w’inzu nziza y’ababyeyi be yari mu ntara ya Galileya, i Magdala. Ni ho Mariya yiberaga mu maraha, yarasizoye mu ngeso mbi, kugeza aho bamwita Ihabara. Byageze ubwo Shitani zimwinjiramo biba nk’igihano cy’ibyo byaha yakoraga. Mariya Madalena ni wa wundi batubwira mu Ivanjili, ko Yezu yamukijije amashitani (roho mni ndwi, soma Luka 8,2), akanamubabarira ibyaha bye Kugira ngo aronke ubugingo, Imana yari yaramubyukijemo icyifuzo cyo kubona Yezu, kugira ngo bizamuviremo umukiro. Imana yabikoreye kwerekana impuhwe zayo zitagira urugero n’umupaka, ikanerekana muri Mariya Madalena urugero rwo kwicuza no kwisubiraho.

Mariya Madalena ni we wakurikiye Yezu kwa Simoni, yitwaje umubavu uhenze cyane, amarira ye akayogesha ibirenge bya Yezu, akabihanaguza imisatsi ye, maze akumva Yezu avuga ati: “ibyaha bye byinshi arabikijijwe kuko yakunze cyane.” Aho amariye gukizwa na Nyagasani, Mariya Madalena yabaye umwe muri ba bagore batagatifu baherekezaga Yezu n’Intumwa, aho bagendaga hose yamamaza Inkuru nziza y’Ingoma y’Imana. Igihe Yezu afashwe, Intumwa zarahunze ariko Mariya Madalena akomeza gukurikira Yezu. Mu rupfu rwa Yezu “iruhande rw’umusaraba wa Yezu hari hahagaze nyina na nyina wabo muka Kleofasi na Mariya Madalena”. (Yh19,25). Yezu amaze no guhambwa, Mariya Madalena na Mariya muka Kleofasi ni bo basigaye ku mva. Mariya Madalena ni we Yezu yabonekeye mbere amaze kuzuka, igihe yari yazindukiye kumva ndetse amutuma kujya kubwira abandi Inkuru nziza y’ibyishimo bya Pasika, ko yazutse atsinze urupfu. (Yh. 20,11-18). Niyo mpamvu mu myaka ya mbere ya Kiliziya yiswe “intumwa y’Intumwa” kuko ari we wazimenyesheje ko Yezu yazutse mu bapfuye.

Bavuga ko nyuma y’urupfu n’izuka bya Yezu, Mariya Madalena yagiye kwibera wenyine mu misozi.  Ni abamalayika bamuyoboyea ahari ubuvumo bwiswe « Mubavu- Mutagatifu ». Aho ni ho yiberaga mu buzima bushaka kumera nk’ubw’abamalayika, atunzwe n’Ukarisitiya kandi asuka amarira yo guhongerera ibyaha. Aho yapfiriye ntihazwi neza n’igihe yapfiriye ntikizwi neza. Cyakora hari imva ya Mariya Madalena iri i Efezi muri Turukiya y’ubu ngubu. Hari n’abavuga ko yajyanye na musaza we Lazaro i Mariseye mu Bufaransa, hakaba n’ubuvumo bitiriye Mariya Madalena ahitwa i Bome (Baume), muri Mariseye, mu Bufaransa. Tumwizihiza kuwa 22 Nyakanga.

C.    MUTAGATIFU LAZARO, Umwepisikopi wahowe Imana

Yezu azura Lazaro

Izina Lazaro rifitanye isano n’igisobanuro ngo “Imana yaratabaye” (Elʿazar). Nubwo abayeyi babo bari barabasigiye imitungo myinshi cyane, iyo mitungo ntiyigeze itwara Lazaro umutima, ngo imubuze gutunganira Imana. Lazaro yari atuye muri Palesitina, hamwe na bashiki be Marita na Mariya. Bari inshuti za Yezu Kristu cyane, bituma Yezu akunda kuza iwabo kenshi kuharuhukira. Nuko rimwe Lazaro afatwa n’indwara iramutwara. Igihe Lazaro apfuye, Yezu ntiyari ahari. Nyamara yarabibonaga. Nuko abwira intumwa ze ati: “Lazaro amaze gupfa.” Ahera ubwo agaruka muri Yudeya. Agera kwa Mariya na Marita. Lazaro yari amaze kabiri ahambwe. Ivanjili itubwira ko Yezu yasanze bakimuririra, na we ararira. Rubanda ruti: “yamukundaga koko”.

Mu mateka ya Kiliziya bavuga ko abanzi bayo bashatse kwica Lazaro na bashiki be kuko bemezaga ko Yezu ari Imana, ko yabyigishije akabyerekana azura Lazaro. Inyandiko nyinshi zivuga ko nyuma ya Pentekositi, igihe abakirisitu batangiye gutotezwa muri Palesitina, Lazaro yambukiranyije inyanja ya Mediterane bari mu bwato buto bushaje, bahinguka i Mariseye mu Bufaransa, bahigisha bwa mbere ukwemera gutagatifu. Lazaro ahaba umwepisikopi imyaka 30 yose. Ibitabo byinshi kandi bivuga ko Lazaro ari we wazanye Ivanjili i Mariseye. Bavuga ko muri icyo gihe mutagatifu Alegizanderi w’i Bresiya yasuye Lazaro, maze Lazaro agakomeza ukwemera kwa Alegizanderi. Nyuma yaje gutotezwa, ku ngoma y’umwami Domisiyani, arafungwa, hanyuma apfira Imana afite imyaka 80. Mutagatifu Lazaro yibukwa kuwa 29 Nyakanga

Aho byavuye :

• ABATAGATIFU duhimbaza buri munsi, ed.Euthymia, Diyosezi Butare, Mata 2013, P.211 na P.218.
• ABATAGATIFU MU MINSI Y‘UMWAKA, Imprimerie de Kabgayi, 2e Ed. Nzeri 2015, P.202 na P.207.        
• DIX MILLE SAINTS, Dictionnaire hagiographique cyanditwe n’Ababenedigitini b’i Ramsgate. Ed.VI., Brepols,1991, P.308 ; P.340 na P.344.
• http://reflexionchretienne.e-monsite.com/pages/vie-des-saints/juillet/saint-lazare-disciple-de-jesus-frere-de-marthe-et-marie-madeleine-ressuscite-par-jesus-ier-s-fete-le-29-juillet.html
• http://www.sanctoral.com/fr/saints/sainte_marthe.html
• http://www.sanctoral.com/fr/saints/sainte_mariemadeleine.html